Voorbeeld 3 van de 10 Oefenvragen
4.	Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?
a.	Ribosome
b.	Golgi complex
c.	Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d.	Lysosomes
4.	Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?...
ANS: D
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disruption of the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the lysosomal enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular
self-digestion. The chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. The Golgi complex is a network of flattened, smooth vesicles and membranes often located near the cell nucleus. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in steroid hormone production and removing toxic substances from the cell.
5.	Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
a.	Increased heart rate and force of contraction
b.	Secretion of cortisol
c.	Increased retention of water
d.	Breakdown of fat
5.	Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
a.	Increased heart rate and forc...
ANS: C
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine causes increases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased cortisol secretion is due to ACTH. Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
8.	Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades may be useful in designing drug therapy for which human diseases?
a.	Cardiac and vascular disorders
b.	Autoimmune and malignant disorders
c.	Gastrointestinal and renal disorders
d.	Endocrine and gastrointestinal disorders
8.	Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades may be useful in designing drug therapy f...
ANS: B
Understanding the various steps involved in this process is crucial for designing drug interventions. Dysregulation of proteases features prominently in many human diseases, including cancer, autoimmunity, and neurodegenerative disorders. Cardiac, vascular, gastrointestinal, renal, and endocrine disorders do not involve this process.
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