Expert Minds

• Pain Management – • o Know the treatment of acute pain – what medications are firstline? o For non-cancer pain, mild-to-mod pain (aches, muscle pain, mild injuries): NSAIDs, anticonvulsants, tylenol, muscle relaxants What would you prescribe first when treating acute mild musculoskeletal pain? Think of the guidelines and the Shadow Health assignment: ibuprofen • NSAIDS – pain relief, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory effects o Adverse effects – GI: nausea, heartburn, minor HA...

Respiratory Medications Study Guide 1. Bronchodilators A. Beta-2 Agonists • MOA: o Bind to beta-2 receptors on airway smooth muscle → activate cyclic AMP pathway → muscle relaxation → bronchodilation o Inhibit release of hypersensitivity mediators (mast cells) o Some beta-1 receptor activity → possible cardiac side effects Pharmacokinetics: o Absorbed in bronchi → metabolized in liver → excreted in urine Adverse Effects: o Tachycardia, tremors Precautions: o Monitor in ...

What are characteristics of serotonin syndrome? (Ansnausea, diarrhea, sweating, hyperthermia, myoclonic jerking, tremor, agitation, disorientation, HTN, delirium, death What medication is approved for depression with low energy? (Ansvenlafaxine (Effexor) (SNRI) How does Lithium act as a mood stabilizer? (AnsIt replaces sodium during depolarization so it stops the transmission of electrical impulses What is important patient teaching for Lithium? (AnsEat a diet with consistent levels of ...

What are examples of 1st generation antihistamines? (Ans- 1. chlorpheniramine 2. diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 3. hydroxyzine (Atarax) 4. promethazine (Phenergan) 1st generation antihistamines have a GREAT effect on what? (Ans- central nervous system What should antihistamines not be used with? (Ans- ETOH What are adverse effects of 1st generation antihistamines? (AnsHIGH anticholinergic effects: 1. sedation 2. tinnitus 3. coordination problems4. fatigue, HA, irritability, nervousness...

According to the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association, what are the guidelines related to prophylactic antibiotics prior to a dental procedure? (AnsProsthetic cardiac valves Prosthetic cardiac material History of infective endocarditis Cardiac transplant Congenital heart disease Unpaired cyanotic congenital heart disease (Palliative shunts and conduits) Any congenital heart defect with residual shunt or valvular regurgitation at site of or adjacent to pros...

What is Exenatide used for and what is an advantage of it? (AnsThis class of drugs is used for treatment of type 2 diabetes. One of their advantages over older insulin secretagogues such as sulfonylureas or meglitinides is that they have a lower risk of causing hypoglycemia. Exenatide and how it works (AnsExenatide is a synthetic version of exendin-4 hormone found in the saliva of the Gila monster. It displays biological properties similar to human glucagon-like peptide or GLP-1, a regula...

Pharmacokinetics (Kinetics means movement): ADME (absorbed, distributed, metabolism, excreted) Factors: Membranes and barriers (phospholipid cell membrane) Passive diffusion (move from higher concentration to lesser gradient) Poor blood flow limits diffusion GI motility (high fat meals can delay gastric emptying and decrease delivery) 1st pass affect- degraded by liver before central circulation Drug binding (proteins). Bound proteins cannot enter cells freely ( must unbind and become fre...

1.Which information should be included in the education for a patient taking an antilipidemic? 1. Other drugs should be taken 1 hour before or 4 hours after the bile-acid sequestrant. 2. Lovastatin should be taken first thing in the morning. 3. Bile-acid sequestrants should be taken after meals. 4. A high-fiber diet may reduce the chance for muscle pain associated with reductase inhibitors. Rationales [Page reference: 326] Option 1: If other drugs are to be taken, administer them 1 hour be...

Anemia - Important to know what is causing the Anemia in order to treat it. It could be caused by etiology, morphology, RBC depletion, destruction of RBC’s. - Anemia causes increased cardiac workload! So make sure to cluster care and do small frequent feeds!! - It can cause a murmur and tachy!!! due to the increased viscosity of the blood. (it is thicker and causes a turbulence) - Transfusion reaction- Vitals, before, 15 mins in, after. Cannot leave room for 1st 15 minutes. Use blood wit...

SPED 5311 Week 1 :SPED 5311 Week 2:SPED 5311 Week 3:SPED 5311 Week 4:SPED 5311 Week 5: 100% Verified Questions & Answers: Updated A+ Score Solutions

The ability to translate letters to sounds and sounds to words fluenty is called Hide answer choices automaticity with the code. Correct answer alphabetic understanding. 2. Question 2 2/2 Pulling together the essential elements in a longer piece of work and retelling it in the reader's own words is Hide answer choices summarizing. Correct answer the think-aloud format. 3. Question 3 2/2 Forming mental pictures based on the text being used isCorrect answer 4. Question 4 0/2 M...

Conspicuous strategy instruction has been used with promising results to teach writing by Correct answer 2. Question 2 2.5/2.5 One well-known big idea in writing is Correct answer design principals of writing. 3. Question 3 2.5/2.5 The collaborative teaming model that encourages input and expertise of many individuals to develop educational programming of a student is the Hide answer choicesmultidisciplinary model. 4. Question 4 2.5/2.5 A teacher's focuse on a skills-dominant ap...

Comprehensive software that allows students who have problems with written expression to develop ideas and organize thoughts into an outline or an idea web prior to beginning to write is Hide answer choices concept-mapping. 2. Question 2 2.5/2.5 Assistive technology in _____ for students with high-incidence disabilities include computer spreadsheets, computer databases, and calculators. Hide answer choices Correct answer other content area 3. Question 3 0/2.5 Designing math instruct...

The role of the use of textbook in science is controversial. The reasons for this controversy include: Hide answer choices even the best and brightest students have difficulties grasping the many ideas covered in textbooks the textbooks ignore or obscure the most important ideas by focuing instead on technical terms and trivial details illustrations are too abstract, needlessly complicated, or inadequately explained all of the above Correct answer 2. Question 2 2.5/2.5 Even very young...

The focus on "____________" enable the learner to organize, interrelate, and apply information so that meaningful connections are made within social studies content and their own lives. Hide answer choices Big Ideas Correct answer Texts 2. Question 2 2.5/2.5 Which skill is most important for a student transitioning to postsecondary environments? Hide answer choices The student should have a personal digital assistant for all courses on his degree plan. The student should be able...

Established chief complaint (Ans- Reports chest pain Asked about onset and duration of chest pain (AnsReports chest pain started about five minutes ago Reports chest pain has been constant since it began Reports sitting in bed when pain began Asked to rate chest pain on a scale (AnsReports current pain is 6/10 Asked about on characteristics of the pain (AnsDescribes pain as tight and uncomfortable Denies crushing pain Denies gnawing or tearing pain Denies burning painAsked about loca...

Established chief complaint (Ans- -reports pain -reports recent fall -reports worry about worsening symptoms Established orientation (Ans- -oriented to person -oriented to place -oriented to time -oriented to situation Asked about onset and duration of symptoms (Ans- -reports recent episode of severe pain started in the morning -reports pain has been getting progressively worse in the last few weeksAsked about location of pain (Ans- -reports hip pain -reports knee p

What are the main side effects of MAOIs (Ans- dizziness, H/A, insomnia, restlessness, hypotension What can happen if foods containing tyramine (aged cheese/meats, alcohol) are consumed while on MAOI (Ans- hypertensive crisis Before starting a different med how long should it be after weaning off MAOI? (Ans- at least 2 weeks What are the main side effects of SNRIs & NRIs (Ansheadache, somnolence, nausea, (dry mouth, constipation=anticholinergic effects), sexual side effects, palpitation...

What is the efficacy of a drug? (Ans- Efficacy is the maximum response achievable from a drug. Effectiveness refers to the ability of the drug to produce a beneficial effect. On the drug concentration curve what is the first sign of a therapeutic effect? (Ans- The onset of action What is the purpose of a peak and trough level? (Ans- To determine if the drug is in therapeutic range. Describe the purpose of blood brain barrier (AnsThe BBB is a highly selective permeability barrier that s...

What is the dosage schedule for alpha-glucosidase inhibitors? (Ans- Take within the first bite of each meal Describe the pharmacodynamics of meglitinides. (Ans- Citagliptan works to compatibly inhibit the enzyme dipeptidyl, dipeptide, or called DDP 4 as mentioned before, this enzyme breaks down the incretins GLP1 and GIP gastrointestinal hormone released in response to a meal. By preventing GLP1 and GIP inactivation, they are able to increase secretion of insulin and suppress the rele...