NURS 615 Pharm Test 3: NURS 615 Pharm 3 Exam Study Guide:Questions & Answers: Updated Solution

What is Exenatide used for and what is an advantage of it? (AnsThis class of drugs is used for treatment of type 2 diabetes. One of their advantages over older insulin secretagogues such as sulfonylureas or meglitinides is that they have a lower risk of causing hypoglycemia. Exenatide and how it works (AnsExenatide is a synthetic version of exendin-4 hormone found in the saliva of the Gila monster. It displays biological properties similar to human glucagon-like peptide or GLP-1, a regulator of glucose metabolism and insulin secretion. What is Exenatide administered for? (AnsExenatide enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion by the pancreatic beta-cell, suppresses inappropriately elevated glucagon secretion and slows gastric emptying, although the mechanism of action is still under study. It should be administered 60 minutes before breakfast and dinner.How is Acarbose used? (Ans- May be used in conjunction with metformin, a sulfonylurea, or alone When is Acarbose taken? (Ans- Take with the first bites of a meal because it interferes with absorption of carbohydrates Function of Acarbose (AnsInhibits the alpha-glucosidase enzyme. This action slows the digestion of carbohydrates, reducing the postprandial rises in blood glucose. Acarbose dosage schedule (Ansavailable in 50 & 100mg tablets and should be taken with the first bite of each meal. Usually begin with 50 mg three times daily. Flatulence, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort are dose-related and almost always resolve if the dose is decreased.