Academicmaterials

Earth's axis tilt - 23.5° Atmosphere - Thin gaseous envelope, 99% within 30km, protects from uv Climate - "Average weather" or mean conditions over extended period of time Elements of weather and climate - -temp of air -humidity of air, moisture -cloudiness -precipitation -pressure -wind Environmental lapse rate - Temperature decrease in the troposphere (6.5°C per kilometer) Meteorology - Derived from Greek "meteoros" or anything that falls from their sky Weather - Specific con...

psychology - the study of human behavior and mental processes and their influences behavior - human actions that can be observed mental processes - thoughts, emotions, and motives that cannot be observed science - an approach to gaining knowledge using systematic observation scientific method - set of principles and procedures that guide researchers when generating questions, evidence, and conclusions hypothesis - prediction that can be tested by experiment variable - a factor that can ch...

what are the first 2 distant ancestors to insects? - Answer-trilobites, horseshoe crabs how old are trilobites? - Answer-400-600 million years how old are horseshoe crabs? - Answer-350 million years What are the first insect fossils? - Answer-tiny, wingless, soft bodied how old are the first insect fossils? - Answer-380 million years when were the most modern insect relatives present? - Answer-180 million years ago what are 5 examples of bugs through history? - Answer-cave drawings, china ...

africanized honey bees - honey bees demonstrating the aggressive nature and other undesirable characteristics. Dominantly inherited when these bees mate with European strain honeybees. First released (accidentally) in Brazil in 1956; now found in southern border region of the US agent - a living organism causing disease in an arthropod- vectored disease cycles augmentation biological control - biocontrol reliant on releasing large numbers of biological control agents to suppress a pest popu...

Disease - Any state on infirmity. Health - A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Pathology - - An individual's health - Disease targets certain tissues (Tropism) - Medicine for individual - Diagnosis and treatment by doctors Epidemiology - - A population's health - Disease targets certain populations - Public health initiatives for whole populations - Diagnosis by epidemiologists / treatment by policy makers T...

What is ecology? - Answer-the study of how organisms interact with each other and with their environment What are the 5 areas of ecological study? - Answer--Organismal: study of physiological, evolutionary, and behavioral mechanisms used by individual organisms to meet ecological needs -Population: how populations interact with their environment, how and why the # of individuals changes over time, the proportion of males to females, age of individuals, how likely they are to reproduce or di...

NURA 1500 EXAM PACKAGE DEAL GRADED A+

pRBC - packed red blood cells IID - intermittent infusion device TLCL - triple-lumen central line 3 things to check for before using IVP, contrast dyes - kidney function (BUN), meds, allergies 8 R's of med administration - patient, drug, amount, route, time, documentation, education, and effect SALADs - sound-alike, look-alike drugs Isotonic Solutions - NS, LR, D5W (used to treat FVD, ex: vomiting, diarrhea) Indication for NS - correct ECF volume deficit, replace Na loss Indication for...

biguanides - Metformin Sulfonylureas - "-ides" glipizide glyburide glimepiride meglitinides - repaglinide nateglinide a-glucosidase inhibitors - acarbose miglitol TZDs - pioglitazone rosiglitazone DDP-4 inhibitors - sitaliptin saxagliptin linagliptin GLP-1 receptor agonists - exenatide liraglutide Amylin Analog - pramlintide Rapid acting Insulin name - glulisineLong acting insulin name - glargine Rapid acting onset - 15-30 min Rapid acting peak - 30min-2.5 hr rapid acting d...

1. The nurse is preparing to start an infusion of 10% dextrose. Why would the nurse infuse the solution through a central line? a. Osmolarity of the solution could cause phlebitis or thrombosis. b. The patient could be at risk for fluid overload. c. Viscosity of the solution would slow the infusion. d. The solution should not be mixed with other drugs or solutions. - a. Osmolarity of the solution could cause phlebitis or thrombosis. 2. A patient is in the hospital for his first chemothera...

The nurse is caring for a client after hypophysectomy and notes clear nasal drainage from the client's nostril. The nurse should take which initial action? 1. lower the head of the bed 2. test drainage for glucose 3. obtain a culture of drainage 4. continue to observe - 2. test the drainage for glucose After several diagnostic tests, a client is diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. The nurse performs an assessment on the client, knowing that which symptom s most indicative of this disorder...

Central line insertion complications - Pneumothorax (collapsed lung) Hemothorax (blood in lung) Hydrothorax (fluid in lung) Common complications of CVC - Air embolism (respiratory, anytime) Arterial puncture (on insertion, hit artery) Catheter migration/dislodgment Lumen occlusion (forced lines weaken cannula) Central line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) What to look for on removal of a catheter - Infection, intact tip What to do for on insertion of a catherter - Sterile techn...

How should extra opened insulin be stored? - In a refrigerator O - DM are the leading causes of what? - Adult blindness End-stage kidney disease Nontraumatic lower limb amputations Major contributing factors of DM? - Heart Disease Stroke HTN DM: Etiology & Pathophysiology - Genetic Autoimmune Absent/Insufficient Insulin Poor Utilization of Insulin What is normal insulin metabolism produced by? - B-cells in islets of Langerhans that are continuously released into bloodstream in small...

Nutrients are metabolized: - CO2, H2O, ATP Glucose turns into - Glycogen; stored in liver and muscles Excess glucose is turned into - Fat Glycerol and fatty acids turn into - Triglycerides stored in adipose tissie Amino acids make up - Proteins Liver removes nitrogen from? - Amino acids, rest is converted to glucose or fat for energy Body used what for energy first - ATP for growth and repair then glycogen and stored fat basal metabolic rate (BMR) - Amount of energy used in 24 hr for invo...

A nurse is reviewing the prescriptions of a client who has tuberculosis. The nurse should recognize that which of the following medications is used to treat tuberculosis? SATA: 1. Rifampicin 2. Mirtazapine 3. Temazepam 4. Infliximab 5. Isoniazid - 1. Rifampicin 5. Isoniazid These medications used to treat tuberculosis by inhibiting the production of mycobacteria. A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client who has gout. The nurse discovers that an error was made during th...

NFDN EXAM PACKAGE DEAL!!

qd - every day hs - at bedtime ac - before meals pc - after meals OD - right eye OS - left eye OU - both eyes supp - suppository Concept of Person - who: the individual, families, communities What: psychological, social, spiritual, cultural Concept of Health - who: individual, community, family what: physical, psychosocial, relational, spiritual Concept of environment - who: individual, community, family what: internal & external environments, home life, mental state, addictions, pa...

Growth and Development - Infant - Trust vs Mistrust Growth and Development - Toddler - Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt Growth and Development - Preschoolers - Initiative vs Guilt Growth and Development - School-Aged Children - Industry vs inferiority Growth and Development - Adolescents - Identity vs role confusion Toddlers should be speaking in __________ by age 2 - 2 word sentences Preschoolers are_______ - Highly imaginative When should infants be introduced to solid foods - Fortified cere...

Ethics - -Good conduct, character & motives -Philosophical ideas of right & wrong -A reflection of what matters most to people Morality - Beliefs or traditions we hold & how we conduct ourselves towards others (ex. kolberg's theory of moral development) -Right vs. Wrong Moral autonomy - -we feel responsibility & ownership for out chosen values -being accountable & standing up for what we believe in. Moral integrity - maintaining an open attitude to the diverse values and beliefs of othe...

Early nursing - Prior to nursing in New France, men delivered health and nursing care. Though men couldn't provide care for women in L/D Christianity - -Spread christianity _ Convert aboriginals to christianity. New Diseases - Cholera, Typhus, and small pox resulted from early settlers. Affected many aboriginals. Colonialism - Loss of culture, knowledge, traditions, way of life, role in family and community, spirituality and health. (aboriginals) Marie Rollet Hebert - ()Respected aborig...