Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

beneficence ethical value promoting research that maximizes possible benefits of the research while minimizing risks of harm or discomfort to the participants Biased sample a research sample in which everyone in the target population does not have an equal chance of being selected Case study an in-depth investigation of behavior or event in an individual, a small group or a situation Conclusion a decision or judgment about the meaning of the results of a research investigation Confid...

SynaptogenisisThe formation of new synapses between the brain's neuron Two main divisions of the human nervous system are:Central nervous system (CNS) Peripheral nervous system (PNS) Two major functions of the CNS1. Receive sensory information from the body (via the PNS) and send them to the brain for processing. 2. Receive motor information from the brain and send to relevant parts of the body (via PNS) Two major functions of the PNS1. Carry information from the sensory and intern...

Circadian Phase Disorders • Sleep disorders in which a person's circadian rhythm is disrupted. • Result in disturbed sleep and consequential daytime sleepiness. 3 Types of Circadian Phase Disorders • Adolescent sleep-wake cycle • Shift work • Jet lag Adolescent Sleep-Wake Cycle (disorder) • Delayed sleep-wake phase disorder • A circadian rhythm sleep disorder which only occurs during the teenage years. • Sleep patterns tend to shift back 2 hours - largely due to inte...

Acculturative Stress The stress people experience in trying to adapt to a new culture when living in it for a considerable period of time Afferent Sensory information coming into the CNS Autonomic Nervous System A self-regulating subdivision of the PNS that connects the CNS to the body's internal organs and glands, providing feedback to the brain about their activities Axon A single, tube-like extension that transmits neural information to other neurons or cells Axon Terminal Struct...

Group: Example A group is a body of two or more people that interact each other over a period of time, they influence each other and share a common purpose/goal. Example: - Three people sharing a taxi to the airport - Two people playing chess - Twenty people attending a school reunion Status Status is defined as the importance of an individual in the group, perceived by members of the group. A person's status in a group also determines the amount of power they have within the group...

Observational Learning Learning by watching what other individuals do and then making an attempt to repeat or avoid their actions. Also known as modelling. 4 Principles of Observational Learning 1. Learning occurs by observing the behaviour of others and the consequences of those behaviours 2. Learning can occur without there being an immediate change in behaviour - it can remain latent. 3. Cognition plays a role in observational learning because the learner has awareness and expectatio...

RESEARCH QUESTION Potential problem/question that outlines the problem or phenomenon being studied Eg. Does caffeine affect memory? AIM What the study is intending to investigate/ the purpose of the study Eg. To identify whether drinking caffeine effects memory compared to not drinking caffeine RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS A testable prediction of the relationship between two or more variables (events to characteristics). Eg. it is hypothesised that those who drink caffeine will have increased ...

Lifespan Development The changes that occur from birth to old age Types of Development Physical, social, cognitive, emotional Physical Development Changes involving the body and its system Social Development Involves changes in an individual's relationship and their skills with others Cognitive Development Involves changes in an individual's mental abilities Emotional Development Involves changes in how an individual experiences different feelings and how these feelings are expr...

Autonomic nervous system a self-regulating sub-division of the peripheral nervous system that connects the central nervous system to the body's internal organs and glands, providing feedback to the brain about their activities Axon a single, tubelike, extension that carries neural information away from the neuron Axon terminal the end part of an axon collateral where terminal buttons that store and secrete neurotransmitter are located Central nervous system the brain and spinal cord; p...

Hypothesis A tentative and testable prediction of the relationship between two or more events or characteristics. Extraneous variable A variable other than the IV that can cause a change in the DV and affect the results in an unwanted way. Confounding variable A variable other than the IV that has an unwanted effect on the DV making it impossible to determine which of the variables has produced the change in the DV. Individual participant differences The differences in personal characte...