Active and Passive Voice: Complete Notes with Rules, Examples & Exercises

ACTIVE & PASSIVE VOICE — COMPLETE
NOTES (PDF-READY)

1. Chapter Title


Active and Passive Voice – Complete
Notes with Rules, Examples & Exercises

2. Introduction
Active and passive voice are two different ways of expressing an action in a sentence.​
Both express the same meaning, but the focus changes.

●​ Active Voice = emphasis on doer (subject)​

●​ Passive Voice = emphasis on receiver (object)​


Example:

●​ Active: The teacher praised the boy.​

●​ Passive: The boy was praised by the teacher.​




3. Why Do We Use Passive Voice?
●​ When the doer is unknown: My phone was stolen.​

●​ When the doer is unimportant: The road is cleaned every day.​

, ●​ When we want to sound formal/polite: Your request has been approved.​

●​ When we want to focus on the result, not the person.​




4. Structure Table
Active vs Passive Structure
Type Active Structure Passive Structure

Simple Present S + V1 + O O + is/am/are + V3 + (by S)

Present Continuous S + is/am/are + V-ing + O O + is/am/are + being + V3

Present Perfect S + has/have + V3 + O O + has/have + been + V3

Simple Past S + V2 + O O + was/were + V3

Past Continuous S + was/were + V-ing + O O + was/were + being + V3

Past Perfect S + had + V3 + O O + had + been + V3

Simple Future S + will + V1 + O O + will + be + V3

Future with "going S + is/am/are + going to + V1 + O O + is/am/are + going to + be + V3
to"

Modal Verbs S + can/may/must/should + V1 + O + can/may/must/should + be +
O V3




5. How to Change Active to Passive
(Steps)
Step 1: Identify Subject, Verb, Object

Step 2: Move Object → Subject position