NR 283: Patho | Exam 1 Test Questions with Verified Answers

NR 283: Patho | Exam 1 Test Questions with Verified Answers A pathology report identifies abnormal changes in the size, shape, and organization of mature cells. How would the nurse best classify these changes? Dysplasia Which cellular change occurs in the liver of someone who has had a lobe of the liver removed? Regeneration What does the nurse understand to be the most common cause of cellular injury? Hypoxia During childhood, the thymus decreases in size. This is referred to as what type of atrophy? Physiologic atrophy A nurse examines callouses on a patients feet. Which cellular adaptation has likely occurred in the epithelium causing thickness of skin? Hyperplasia A nurse is caring for a patient with down syndrome. What category of genetic disorder does down syndrome represent? Chromosome disorder The nurse is aware that ____________ can cause edema. Increased capillary permeability What is true regarding Down Syndrome? The typical physical characteristics are present at birth. What term refers to a combination of decreased circulating blood volume combined with excess fluid in the body cavity? Third-Spacing Chemical mediators are released during the inflammatory response. What two of these are chemical mediators. Histamine and bradykinin Which of the following would be at the greatest risk for an opportunistic infection? A. 18 yr with diabetes B. 70 yr with CHF C. 24 yr who is immunocompromised D. 30 yr with pneumonia Answer: C A 20yr male shoots his hand with a nail gun while replacing roofing shingles. Which of the following cell types would be the first to aid in killing bacteria to prevent infection in his hand? A. Eosinophils B. Neutrophils C. Leukotrienes D. Monocytes Answer: B The nurse is providing education to the patient with a wound in Phase III. The patient asks the nurse how long this phase lasts. Which of the following is the best response by the nurse? This phase may last as long as 2 years. Caseation necrosis refers to an area where: dead cells from a thick cheesy substance The nurse is aware that a carrier is An asymptomatic person those body harbors pathogens and can transmit to others. Which information indicates a nurse understands characteristics of malignant tumors Cells vary in size and shape A nurse is caring for a 50 yr male who works outdoors. He tells the nurse he is concerned about skin cancer. The nurse is aware the most common type of cancer is: Adenocarcinoma Which information should the nurse include when teaching about angiogenic factors? In cancer, angiogenic factors stimulate... New blood vessel growth The patient is newly diagnosed with cervical cancer asks her nurse how the physician determined the stage of her cancer. What is the nurses best response? Staging is based on the size of the tumor, involvement of lymph nodes, and metastasis. Which statement indicates the patient has a correct understanding of metastasis? The most common route of metastasis is through blood vessels and: Lymphatics The nurse is caring for a patient who was recently diagnosed with HIV. Which of the following statements by the nurse is the best explanation regarding the cells that HIV targets? HIV targets your Helper T lymphocytes. These are CD4 lymphocytes that you will see on your lab results. Nursing students create an analogy to explain the concept of free radicals. They describe the setting of a bar. Which of the following characters does the free radical play. The tramp