NBME (all) Review
Polio - CSF=Lymphocytic Pleocytosis
MS - oligonal bands on electophoresis
ALS (Lou Gherig's Disease) - defect of superoxide dismutase 1
EBV - china kissing monoclonal carcinoma of the nasopharynx
Internal Iliac - branch ligation required to control heavy vaginal bleeding
Streptococcus Pneumoniae - prophylaxis required if pt has a splenctomy
Locked-in Syndrome - basilar artery
Inhaled glue - "pt not themself" confusion, clumsiness, frequent falls ataxic gait
Xanthoma/ Achielles Tendon - absence of functional LDL receptors in hepatocytes
Middle Meningeal Artery - pupils 4 mm in diameter and not reactive to light; due to
trauma in temporal area
Activation of Adenylyl Cyclase Toxin - stool shows gram negative, comma-shaped
bacteria (Vibrio Cholerae)
Alveolar Macrophage HALLMARK - shipyard workers
NSAIDs use in hypertensive pt with bilateral renal artery stenosis - vasodilating
prostaglandins at the afferent arteriole
Calcitonin - marker to monitor for thyroid neoplasm
Aortic Stenosis - cardiac valve defect and concentric left ventricular hypertrophy
(systolic murmur)
MS - Charcot's Triad
Aldoesterone-secreting Adrenal Adenoma - decreased plasma renin activity
Malignant Hyperthermia - decreases release of Ca+ from the SR
9mo. old Baby - pincer grasp finger feeding standing while holding onto a table playing
peek-a-boo
Leptin - suppresses appetite by its action in the CNS
,NBME (all) Review
21-Hydroxylase - female; facial hair chest hair clitoromegaly normal uterus increased
concentrations of 17-hydroxyprogesterone and androstenedione
Trypanosoma Cruzi - brazil organism (think cruziero soccer)
Resolution of Pneumococcal Pneumonia - metaplasia of mesenchymal cells to
pneumocytes
Interstitial Pulmonary Fibrosis - Increased radial traction on airways
Early Septic Shock Rx - IV 1 liter of isotonic saline (clean the blood)
Dissecting Aneurysm X-ray - widened aortic arch
Ascites Rx in addition to loop diuretics - spironlactone
Randomized clinical trial - subjects assigned by coin toss to one of two groups
Tumor Necrosis Factor - antibodies directed against in monocolonal antibody
preparation
Ezetimibe MOA - cholesterol decreasing drug inhibiting the transport of cholesterol
through the intestinal wall
DVT Rx - potentiates the action of antithrombin III
First Degree Burn - severe erythema of back and extremities NO BLISTERS
Osteomyelitis - predominance of neutrophils persistent FOOT PAIN
Alendronate MOA - inhibition of osteoclast-mediation bone resorption
Vagus Nerve - protude the tongue and say "Ah"
GI Blood Loss labs - Hemoglobin: 9.5g/dL Leukocyte: 5400 Platelets: 350,000
Left Achilles Tendon Reflex - strong with lower extremity is immobilized in a cast
Loperamide - opioid antidiarrheal agent with little CNS effect
IgM - antibody isotype most likely causing agglutination; the isotype in anemia
Nephrolithiasis (Kidney Stones) - can occur due to gout
Major Depressive Disorder - low energy; irritability; crying spells; difficulty falling asleep;
waking up frequently at night
,NBME (all) Review
Proliferative Endometrial Tissue seen in - biopsy of ovarian cyst and/or peritoneal cyst
5a-reductase gene mutation - labia majora would develop into scrotum
Parietal cell absence - after gastrectomy
Rosacea - erythema over nose, cheeks, and scattered telangiectasia and a few papules
Pelvic Splanchnic Nerve Dysfunction Sx - constipation abdominal distension
Listeria MonOCYTOgenes - gram positive rod fever, chills, and muscle aches can occur
in pregnant women
Ultrasound shows bilateral hydronephrosis and dilated ureters - increased hydrostatic
pressure in bowman space leading to renal failure
AflAtoxin - china peanut farmer
Delirium - pt is confused by everything and is known to not behave in such a manner at
home
Bronzing of Skin - increased intestinal iron absorption
Inferior Rectal Artery - 15-mm, blue-tinged, rounded mass at the anal margin
Newborn with absence of bowel gas in abdomen - incomplete formation of
pleuroperitoneal membrane
Dynein arms - absent in epithelium in pts. with Kartagener Syndrome (Cystic Fibrosis)
Metastatic Tumor to Cerebellum - ataxia of the left upper and lower extremities
Vitamin B12 Deficiency - spasticity in arm and legs impaired proprioception in feet
increased muscle stretch reflexes in arms and knees absence of muscle stretch reflexes
in ankles bilateral extensor plantar responses
Farmer with 7-mm red scaly plaque on the helical rim of left ear - actinic keratosis
Tick Bite in Farmer Rx - doxycycline
Renal Cell Adenocarcinoma - hypervascular mass 12-cm solid mass on kidney Sx
include flank pain gross hemateuria
Physician response to pt.'s Rx noncompliance - "using something twice daily can be
difficult. I assume you are like most patients who miss at least 10% of treatments"
, NBME (all) Review
Sacroiliac Joint Inflammation sx - lower back pain with stiffness stiffness when sat for
prolonged periods of time pain radiates down to buttocks
Ringing of Ears sx - salicylate/ asprin poisioning
Ulcers Rx - sulfasalazine
Ubiquitin Ligase MOA - promotes cell growth and malignancy by causing cellular p53
protein degradation
Trophoblastic tissue - necrotic intrauterine mass and metastatic nodule in the lungs
Bilateral Bell's Palsy - adverse effect of: Lyme Disease and Guillan-Barre
Nephroblastoma sx - congenitial urethral obstruction; marked dilation of ureters and
renal pelvis minimal renal function
Thyroidectomy Consequences - decreased PTH decreased Calcium parenthesis of
hands and feet
Pudendal Nerve Block - Ischial spine injection with lidocaine alternative to epidural in
labor
Increased JVP and mild ankle edema - increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
Tricuspid Valve - 2/6 holosystolic murmur, left fifth intercoastal space ajacent to sternum
and increases with inspiration
Camping Trip results in itchy rash in arms and legs - activation of T lymphocytes
CMV infevction sx - petechial RASH, microcephaly, and HEPATOSPLENOMEGALY
Puberty begins when - breast buds develop
Hyperthyroidism sx - thyroid antibodies
HSV sx in Males - broken blisters and open sores on penis
Beta-Thalassemia - disruption of normal splicing by creation of a new 3' splice site
mutation from G --> A at position 355
Post Par-tum Depression Rx - SSRI
Fibrinous Pericarditis sx - pericardial friction rub after acute myocardial infarction
Polio - CSF=Lymphocytic Pleocytosis
MS - oligonal bands on electophoresis
ALS (Lou Gherig's Disease) - defect of superoxide dismutase 1
EBV - china kissing monoclonal carcinoma of the nasopharynx
Internal Iliac - branch ligation required to control heavy vaginal bleeding
Streptococcus Pneumoniae - prophylaxis required if pt has a splenctomy
Locked-in Syndrome - basilar artery
Inhaled glue - "pt not themself" confusion, clumsiness, frequent falls ataxic gait
Xanthoma/ Achielles Tendon - absence of functional LDL receptors in hepatocytes
Middle Meningeal Artery - pupils 4 mm in diameter and not reactive to light; due to
trauma in temporal area
Activation of Adenylyl Cyclase Toxin - stool shows gram negative, comma-shaped
bacteria (Vibrio Cholerae)
Alveolar Macrophage HALLMARK - shipyard workers
NSAIDs use in hypertensive pt with bilateral renal artery stenosis - vasodilating
prostaglandins at the afferent arteriole
Calcitonin - marker to monitor for thyroid neoplasm
Aortic Stenosis - cardiac valve defect and concentric left ventricular hypertrophy
(systolic murmur)
MS - Charcot's Triad
Aldoesterone-secreting Adrenal Adenoma - decreased plasma renin activity
Malignant Hyperthermia - decreases release of Ca+ from the SR
9mo. old Baby - pincer grasp finger feeding standing while holding onto a table playing
peek-a-boo
Leptin - suppresses appetite by its action in the CNS
,NBME (all) Review
21-Hydroxylase - female; facial hair chest hair clitoromegaly normal uterus increased
concentrations of 17-hydroxyprogesterone and androstenedione
Trypanosoma Cruzi - brazil organism (think cruziero soccer)
Resolution of Pneumococcal Pneumonia - metaplasia of mesenchymal cells to
pneumocytes
Interstitial Pulmonary Fibrosis - Increased radial traction on airways
Early Septic Shock Rx - IV 1 liter of isotonic saline (clean the blood)
Dissecting Aneurysm X-ray - widened aortic arch
Ascites Rx in addition to loop diuretics - spironlactone
Randomized clinical trial - subjects assigned by coin toss to one of two groups
Tumor Necrosis Factor - antibodies directed against in monocolonal antibody
preparation
Ezetimibe MOA - cholesterol decreasing drug inhibiting the transport of cholesterol
through the intestinal wall
DVT Rx - potentiates the action of antithrombin III
First Degree Burn - severe erythema of back and extremities NO BLISTERS
Osteomyelitis - predominance of neutrophils persistent FOOT PAIN
Alendronate MOA - inhibition of osteoclast-mediation bone resorption
Vagus Nerve - protude the tongue and say "Ah"
GI Blood Loss labs - Hemoglobin: 9.5g/dL Leukocyte: 5400 Platelets: 350,000
Left Achilles Tendon Reflex - strong with lower extremity is immobilized in a cast
Loperamide - opioid antidiarrheal agent with little CNS effect
IgM - antibody isotype most likely causing agglutination; the isotype in anemia
Nephrolithiasis (Kidney Stones) - can occur due to gout
Major Depressive Disorder - low energy; irritability; crying spells; difficulty falling asleep;
waking up frequently at night
,NBME (all) Review
Proliferative Endometrial Tissue seen in - biopsy of ovarian cyst and/or peritoneal cyst
5a-reductase gene mutation - labia majora would develop into scrotum
Parietal cell absence - after gastrectomy
Rosacea - erythema over nose, cheeks, and scattered telangiectasia and a few papules
Pelvic Splanchnic Nerve Dysfunction Sx - constipation abdominal distension
Listeria MonOCYTOgenes - gram positive rod fever, chills, and muscle aches can occur
in pregnant women
Ultrasound shows bilateral hydronephrosis and dilated ureters - increased hydrostatic
pressure in bowman space leading to renal failure
AflAtoxin - china peanut farmer
Delirium - pt is confused by everything and is known to not behave in such a manner at
home
Bronzing of Skin - increased intestinal iron absorption
Inferior Rectal Artery - 15-mm, blue-tinged, rounded mass at the anal margin
Newborn with absence of bowel gas in abdomen - incomplete formation of
pleuroperitoneal membrane
Dynein arms - absent in epithelium in pts. with Kartagener Syndrome (Cystic Fibrosis)
Metastatic Tumor to Cerebellum - ataxia of the left upper and lower extremities
Vitamin B12 Deficiency - spasticity in arm and legs impaired proprioception in feet
increased muscle stretch reflexes in arms and knees absence of muscle stretch reflexes
in ankles bilateral extensor plantar responses
Farmer with 7-mm red scaly plaque on the helical rim of left ear - actinic keratosis
Tick Bite in Farmer Rx - doxycycline
Renal Cell Adenocarcinoma - hypervascular mass 12-cm solid mass on kidney Sx
include flank pain gross hemateuria
Physician response to pt.'s Rx noncompliance - "using something twice daily can be
difficult. I assume you are like most patients who miss at least 10% of treatments"
, NBME (all) Review
Sacroiliac Joint Inflammation sx - lower back pain with stiffness stiffness when sat for
prolonged periods of time pain radiates down to buttocks
Ringing of Ears sx - salicylate/ asprin poisioning
Ulcers Rx - sulfasalazine
Ubiquitin Ligase MOA - promotes cell growth and malignancy by causing cellular p53
protein degradation
Trophoblastic tissue - necrotic intrauterine mass and metastatic nodule in the lungs
Bilateral Bell's Palsy - adverse effect of: Lyme Disease and Guillan-Barre
Nephroblastoma sx - congenitial urethral obstruction; marked dilation of ureters and
renal pelvis minimal renal function
Thyroidectomy Consequences - decreased PTH decreased Calcium parenthesis of
hands and feet
Pudendal Nerve Block - Ischial spine injection with lidocaine alternative to epidural in
labor
Increased JVP and mild ankle edema - increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
Tricuspid Valve - 2/6 holosystolic murmur, left fifth intercoastal space ajacent to sternum
and increases with inspiration
Camping Trip results in itchy rash in arms and legs - activation of T lymphocytes
CMV infevction sx - petechial RASH, microcephaly, and HEPATOSPLENOMEGALY
Puberty begins when - breast buds develop
Hyperthyroidism sx - thyroid antibodies
HSV sx in Males - broken blisters and open sores on penis
Beta-Thalassemia - disruption of normal splicing by creation of a new 3' splice site
mutation from G --> A at position 355
Post Par-tum Depression Rx - SSRI
Fibrinous Pericarditis sx - pericardial friction rub after acute myocardial infarction
