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Question: This is MSA and the side labelled "1" has turned yellow. Which Staph does this indicate? Ans: Staph aureus Question: This is an EMB plate. What does the test result of "1" indicate? Ans: Lactose Negative Question: This is an EMB plate. What does the test result of "2" indicate? Ans: Lactose Positive Question: This is an EMB plate. What is indicated by "3?" Ans: E. Coli Question: This is a starch plate. What does the clear boundary around this colony ...

Question: What is the purpose of the oxidase test? Ans: -The tests is used to identify bacteria containing the respiratory enzyme cytochrome c oxidase as an electron acceptor in the ETC. Question: How is the oxidase test performed? Ans: 1. Transfer bacterium to the paper 2. Add drops of complex A & B to bacterium 3. Observe for color change within 30 seconds Question: Why should you read the results of the oxidase test within 30 seconds? SERIES Ans: -The reagents of this test are un...

Question: hanging drop steps: Ans: 1. Vaseline around cover slip 2. micro organism in center of cover slip 3. place concave slide on cover slip Question: Gram stain steps: Ans: 1. Crystal Violet 2. Gram's Iodine 3. Ethyl Alcohol 4. Safranin Red Question: negative stain steps: SERIES Ans: 1. nigrosin loop ria 4. slide to spread mixture 5. air dry Question: acid-fast stain steps: Ans: 1. carbolfuchsin 2. acid alcohol 3. methylene blue 4. wash & dry Question: simple s...

Question: The ability of a microscope to reveal fine detail is known as? Ans: resolution Question: The 10X eyepiece used in combination with a 45X objective produces a magnification of? Ans: 450X Question: Another name for the 100X objective lens? Ans: oil immersion Question: when putting the microscope away, which objective should be in place? Ans: low power Question: What part of the microscope regulates the amount of light entering? Ans: condenser SERIES Question: what part of...

Question: autoclave Ans: a steam sterilizer used to sterilize lab equipment at 121 Celsius or 249 Fahrenheit Question: inocculation loop Ans: to transfer a culture of microorganisms from point A to point B by streaking the media (first step is to always sterilize the loop) Question: inocculation needle Ans: transfer a culture of microorganisms by stabbing the media. (first step is to always sterilize the needle) Question: weigh balance Ans: measures mass Question: stir plate Ans: ...

Question: autotroph Ans: nutritionally deficient mutants that have lost the ability to synthesize a particular enzyme many microorganisms in this group: - can carry out photosynthesis - usually do not cause disease - synthesize organic compounds to obtain energy Question: heterotroph Ans: an organism that uses compounds to produce biomolecules Question: autoclave Ans: an instrument for sterilization by means of moist heat under pressure Question: Autoclaving combines ____ and ____ to...

Question: Secondary Containment Ans: protection of the outside lab environment from exposure to infectious organisms Question: Disposal of biohazards Ans: Place biohazard material in marked bag or container; must be tagged or color coded Question: Disposal of Glass waste Ans: can be washed and reused after autoclaving (Kills station) Question: Disposal of plastic waste Ans: Melt in autoclave to dispose after decontaminated Question: Office hours and location Ans: Zurn 207 Monday/Wed...

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Question: Heat Fixing Ans: kills organisms, keeps organisms stuck to slide, allows the specimen to be stained more easily Question: Aseptic Technique Ans: preparing and handling sterile products in a manner that prevents microbial contamination Question: Gram Staining Procedure SERIES Ans: 1. Heat fix bacterial smear 2. Cover with Crystal Violet (Primary Stain) and wait 60 seconds 3. Rinse slide with distilled water until stain is removed 4. Cover with Gram's Iodine (Mordant) an...

Question: At what magnification do you use the oil immersion technique? Ans: 100x. Question: Total Magnification = Ans: Magnification (Objective) x Magnification (Ocular) Question: Important Parts of the Microscope Ans: Framework, Stage, and Lens System Question: Framework Ans: Arm and base are the structural parts of the microscope which support the basic frame. Question: Stage Ans: Holds the slide. The mechanical stage clamps the slide and moves the slide around the stage. SERIE...

Question: What machine is used to carry out a PCR reaction? Ans: thermocycler Question: How many cycles does a PCR rxn usually go? Ans: 30 Question: Name the 9 organisms used in the unknown lab SERIES Ans: Bacillus subtillis Enterobacter aerogenes Entero cloacae Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae Pseudomonas aeruginosa Salmonella typhimurium Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus epidermidis Question: Which organisms can ferment lactose? Ans: E. coli E. cloacae E. aerogenes ...

Question: Which of the following statements does NOT correctly describe a rule that you must follow in the microbiology lab? A) There is no eating or drinking allowed in the microbiology lab. B) SERIES If you spill a bacterial culture on your lab coat, you must report it to your demonstrator. C) You must disinfect your workbench before and after each microbiology lab. D) No personal effects are allowed in the lab. You must find somewhere else to leave your winter jacket, textbook...

Question: Where would you properly dispose of the following items? Ans: Contaminated slides: Slide trays on student benches Pipettes: Nalgene buckets on student benches Used test tubes: Trash cart at front of lab Uncontaminated broken glass: Broken glass box at front of lab (and notify the TA!) Question: When are open toed-shoes and shorts allowed in the microbiology labs? Ans: Never Question: What do you use to clean the ocular lenses and objective lenses on your microscope? Ans: Le...

What bacterial shape is observed? Ans: Coccus What bacterial shape is observed? Ans: Spiral/spirochete How does increase in magnification affect field of vision? Ans: It makes it smaller How does increased magnification affect depth of field? Ans: Depth of field becomes larger Why is it desirable that microscope objectives be parfocal? Ans: So each objective does not require further focusing Which objective focuses the closest to the slide when it is in focus? SERIES Ans: The dry-oi...

Ans: Multiply the ocular lens (10x) by the objective lens 10x*10=100x 40x*10=400x 100x*10=1000x OCULAR TIME OBJECTIVE Question: what is the function of immersion oil when using the oil immersion objective? Ans: the immersion oil allows for magnification and increases the contrast of the specimen Question: What is meant by the term parfocal? Ans: Once the lens is focused on a particular area it will remain focused on the particular area regardless of changing the objective Question...

Question: Condenser microscope Ans: Focuses light into specimen Question: Diaphragm (iris) Ans: Controls amount of light to specimen Question: Objective lenses at nosepiece Ans: Magnifies image 10, 40, or 100 times Question: Ocular lens Ans: magnifies image 10X Question: Course adjustment Ans: focuses specimen in a broad way Question: Fine adjustment SERIES Ans: fine focuses specimen Question: Stage Ans: a platform used to hold the slide containing the specimen Question: Arm Ans...

Question: gram-negative Ans: appear pink Question: Isolation by Dilution Ans: -reducing number of bacteria so that individual colonies may be isolated -streak plate technique is commonly used to separate mixed cultures to isolate colonies that can be used to make a pure culture Question: Selective media Ans: promotes the growth of some organisms and inhibits the growth of others Question: Differential media Ans: show different growth characteristics for certain organisms, such as a col...

Ans: 1000x;10x ocular x 100X objective Question: what is the purpose of heat fixing Ans: kill the bacteria, adhere to glass anddenature the proteins of bacteria Question: name oneof the stains or regents used in the gram stain procedure Ans: gram crystal violet, gram iodine, gram sfaranin, 95% ethanol Question: why are aseptic techniques used in the lab? Ans: to ensure that we do not contaminate what we are working with as as to ensue that we do not acciently inoculate ouselves. example ...

Ans: 1) To separate cells so that they grow to form isolated colonies 2) To confirm if a culture is a pure colony or mixed 3) To confirm is there is contamination in your culture Question: What is a colony? Ans: Areas of growth that arise from a single cell. Question: How do colonies form? Ans: They are formed by spreading out cells. Cells are spread and reproduce over and over again through bionary fission until visable mass of cells appear. Question: What is a pure culture? Ans: Cu...

Ans: -closed shoes (toe and heel) -Protective coating (lab coats) -Hair secured back -gloves worn when there are open wounds on hands Question: Student conduct Ans: -wash hands thoroughly -use lab disinfectant before and after labs on the tables -Push chairs under the bench when not in use -Immediately notify instructor any accidents, injuries, spills, & misconduct. Question: How to deal with dropped or broken cultures? Ans: -immediately notify the instructor -Cover the contaminated ...