Glycocalyx Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Prokaryote Characteristics - - No membrane surrounding their DNA; no nucleus - Lack organelles - internal membrane-bound structures - Small; ~1.0 μm in diameter (RBC ~10 μm) - Simple structure Prokaryote Types - Bacteria & Archaea Prokaryote External Structures (3) - Glycocalyces, Flagella and Fimbrae & Pilli Gycocalyx - "Sugar cage" - Polysaccharides - Capsule & Slime Layer Capsule - Hard glycocalyx with consistent structure around prokaryote Slime Layer - Inconsistent outsider lay...

BIO 202 Exam 1 Questions With Correct Answers Updated 2024/2025 Graded A+. What are the properties of life? - correct answer *Cells and organization *Energy use and metabolism *Environmental response *Regulation and homeostasis *Growth and development *Reproduction *Biological evolution When was earth formed? - correct answer 4.55 billion years ago When did life on earth first appear? - correct answer 3.5 billion years ago What are the evolutionary mechanisms? - correct answer *Nonrando...

All organisms are composed of what? Cells Why is there an upper limit on cell size? Cells lose their ability to support themselves What does the plasma membrane divide? The fluid within a cell; intracellular fluid from extracellular fluid What is a phospholipid? Amphipathic molecules arranged in a bilayer Where do the phosphate heads face? Face water on either side of the membrane Where do the tails face and what kind of tail is it? Are in the center; hyd...

Edward Jenner - Developed small pox immunization using cowpox agent Paul Ehrlich - sought a " magic bullet" to destroy pathogens Alexander Fleming - discovered penicillin Joseph Lister - Pioneered aseptic surgery John Snow - father of epidemiology (cholera in London) Ignaz Semmelweis - Pioneered asepsis by discovering that hand washing prevented streptococcal infections in obstetric patients Robert Koch - Pioneered the cultivation of bacteria on solid media Louis Pasteur -...

Which of the following describe the similarities of microbial growth b/w solid and liquid media? - correct answer -BOTH involve a lag phase -cells compete for nutrients An illness outbreak occurs in New York City birds in the late 1990s. After a lengthy scientific investigation, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) determine that the agent causing the birds to die is the West Nile virus. Outbreaks of this illness have been observed in several other countries in Asia and the Middle East acro...

Obligate halophiles - High osmotic pressure aka lots of salt like the great salt lake Facultative halophiles - Type that causes acne can be in salty also known as osmolaric but not nessesary Neutrophiles - Most bacteria Protozoa and pathogens like neutral ph rang 6.5-7.5 Acidophiles - Really acidic as low as 0 pH Alkalineophiles - Grow best in basic range up to 11.5 ex cholera Thermophiles - Higher temperatures above 45C ex hot springs Hyperthermophiles - Hottest 80C and above ...

true motility Correct Answer-directed motion of bacteria (energy expenditure by the cell) brownian movement Correct Answer-random back-and-forth jiggling motion due to collisions of water molecules with the cells (cells don't go anywhere)... results from kinetic energy of molecules around the cell flagella Correct Answer-long, whip-like structures that extend beyond the surface of the cell and glycocalyx and propel the cell through its environment. Composed of flagellin serovars Correc...

Nucleic acids stain with ______ dyes which impart a ________ color. Therefore, nucleic acids are described as ______. A. Base-like; blue/purple; acidophilic B. Acid-like; red/pink/orange; basophilic C. Base-like; blue/purple; basophilic D. Acid-like; red/pink/orange; acidophilic - Answer-C. Base-like; blue/purple; basophilic Which molecules are lost from cells during the processing for H&E staining? a. Carbohydrates b. Proteins c. Lipids d. Nothing is lost - Answer-c. Lipids A slide-m...

What is not a function of a prokaryotic cell membrane? (A) Protein synthesis (B) Protein secretion (C) Respiratory electron transport (D) Osmotic barrier (E) Lipid synthesis correct answers (A) Protein synthesis Which of the following cell components would not be found on a gram-positive, circular shaped bacterium? (A) Murein (B) Teichoic Acids (C) S layer (D) Flagellum (E) Outer Membrane correct answers (E) Outer Membrane Which structure provides resistance to desiccation? ...

BIO 210 - Chapter 3 Questions and Answers Rated A+ Plasma membrane forms the outer boundary of the cell Cellular organelles each performs specific functions Nucleus contains the cell's genetic material and directs cell activities Cytoplasm the material between the plasma membrane and nucleus Main functions of cells -cell metabolism and energy release -synthesis of molecules -communication -reproduction and inheritance Plasma membrane also called the plasmolemma or cell m...