Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

What is the reason that closely linked genes are typically inherited together? - ANSWER The likelihood of a crossover event between these two genes is low All female mammals have one active X chromosome per cell instead of two. What causes this? - ANSWER Activation of the XIST gene on the X chromosome that will become the Barr body In his transformation experiments, what did Griffith observe? - ANSWER Mixing a heat-killing pathogenic strain of bacteria with a living nonpathogenic strain ca...

ZSASZA ____ is contraction and emptying of the chamber of the heart. ______ is the relaxation and filling of the chamber of the heart. - ANSWER systole diastole Where does INITIAL amount of Ca++ used in the contractile cell originate from? Where does the MAJORITY of the Ca++ used in the contractile cell originate from? - ANSWER ECF SR Which ions are necessary for the AUTORHYTHMIC cell action potential? Which ions are necessary for the CONTRACTILE cell action potential? - ANSWER autorhy...

List the 3 different fluid compartments of the body. - ANSWER Intracellular Fluid, Interstitial Fluid, Plasma What is the definition of homeostasis? - ANSWER The regulation of the body's internal environment in a narrow range Describe the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic regulation - ANSWER Intrinsic is local to the regulated area. Extrinsic is regulating an area from somewhere else usually the nervous or endocrine system. Describe the difference between a feedback and feed-...

Why study developmental bio - ANSWER Birth defects, regentitive medicine What does Develop bio include - ANSWER The development of a zygote to an embryo Early D.B - ANSWER All existed from beginning, Microscopes then proved this to be wrong. What is the true way in how we are formed - ANSWER Epigenesis. prved by August weissman Sea urchin experiment. What are the two hypothesies on how cells become different? - ANSWER Regulative and Mosaic Regulative Theory - ANSWER if a part is m...

Their hypothesis is that the terminal NAG, and no the protein component, is responsible for the damage to the cell wall in H. Pylori. What would be the most appropriate control for testing this hypothesis. - ANSWER Grow H. pylori in a test tube with a glycoprotein that has its terminal NAG removed. Using the pH scale on the right, pure water has _____ H+ in solution than tomatoes - ANSWER 1000 less If a double-stranded DNA sample was composed of 10 percent thymine, what would be the percen...

susceptibility - ANSWER lack of resistance to a disease immunity - ANSWER ability to ward off disease innate immunity - ANSWER - defense against any pathogen - present at birth - always present, but does not involve memory response first line of defense - ANSWER - intact skin - mucous membranes and their secretions: line the GI, respiratory; secretes mucus that traps microbes - ciliary escalator - lacrimal apparatus: washes the eye - saliva: washes microbes off teeth and mouth -...

True - ANSWER Echinoderms are classified as gills bc they are evaginations of the body surface Evagination - ANSWER pushing out of the ectoderm True - ANSWER The external intercostal muscles participate in inspiration True - ANSWER The internal intercostal muscles participate in expiration Where does the external intercostal muscle originate - ANSWER Inferior surface of the proximal parts of the ribs Lower ribs on the superior and distal parts False - ANSWER The tracheal system o...

RNA polymerase - ANSWER pries the two strands of DNA apart and joins the RNA nucleotides as they base-pair along the DNA templates promoter - ANSWER DNA sequence where RNA polymerase attaches and initiates transcription Synthesis of RNA transcript - ANSWER initiation; elongation; termination synthesis of RNA transcript initiation - ANSWER after RNA polymerase binds to the promoter, the DNA strands unwind, and the polymerase initiates RNA synthesis at the start point of the template stra...

emmetropia - ANSWER normal refraction presbyopia - ANSWER natural elasticity of the lens is lost w/ age. Lens is unable to assume more spherical shape for viewing near objects. requires a convex lens hyperopia - ANSWER farsightedness, eyeball is too short, light rays converge toward a point behind the retina. requires a convex lens myopia - ANSWER nearsightedness, eyeball is too long, light rays hit in the front of the retina. requires a concave lens. astigmatism - ANSWER irregular c...

The primary action of a drug that dilates the veins and venules would be able to - ANSWER reduce preload According to Starling's Law of the Heart, the force of contraction of the myocardium increases with increased - ANSWER preload A coronary artery embolism is often cleared by injecting - ANSWER plasminogen activator Calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers are all used to treat - ANSWER hypertension One of ...