NURSING MISC (NURSING MISC - 2020 V1 PEDS HESI.)

Which statement regarding the action of decongestants is true? a. Decongestants act by decreasing inflammation within the respiratory tract. b. Decongestants must be used cautiously as they can induce asthma attacks. c. Decongestants act primarily to reduce symptoms associated with allergy. d. Decongestants act by reducing the immune response of lymphocytes. ANS: C Decongestants are a class of drugs that are used to control the symptoms associated with allergy. They have no anti-inflammat...

A patient with joint inflammation is prescribed an anti-inflammatory drug. The patient asks you how this drug works to address this problem. What is your best response? a. “Anti-inflammatory drugs reduce pain and limit blood vessel responses to joint injury.” b. “Anti-inflammatory drugs contain antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties.” c. “Anti-inflammatory drugs limit the body’s response to cortisol in the body.” d. “Anti-inflammatory drugs increase the release of T...

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A patient with a clotting disorder is prescribed an anticoagulant and asks you to explain the purpose of anticoagulant therapy. What is your best response? a. Anticoagulants are used to lyse existing clots. b. Anticoagulants are used to increase the flow of blood. c. Anticoagulants are used to prevent new clot formation. d. Anticoagulants are used to thin the viscosity of the blood. ANS: C Anticoagulants are drugs that interfere with the clotting process, so they are u...

What is the main role of insulin in the body? a. Conversion of complex carbohydrates into glucose b. Movement of glucose from blood into the cells c. Prevention of kidney excretion of glucose d. Prevention of the formation of fat cells ANS: B Many body cells have membranes that do not allow glucose to move into the cells to participate in metabolism. When insulin binds to membrane insulin receptors, the membranes become more open to glucose, allowing it to enter. DIF: Cognitive Level: R...

Which drug category is useful in promoting sleep among patients with insomnia? a. Sedatives b. ACE inhibitors c. Atypical antipsychotics d. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ANS: A Sedatives are drugs that have the main purpose of promoting sleep by changing signals in the central nervous system and reducing responses to stimulation. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowing REF: p. 184 2. You are preparing to give the benzodiazepine Valium to a patient as a premedication before surgery. The...

1. What types of drugs have the main purpose of relieving pain? a. Anticholinergics b. Antagonists c. Analgesics d. Agonists ANS: C Analgesics have the specific purpose of relieving pain either by changing the patient’s perception of pain or by reducing painful stimulation at its source. Although some analgesics are opioid agonists, the term agonist is not specific for a pain-relieving drug. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowing REF: p. 213 2. The healthcare provider asks you to rate a patie...

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which neurotransmitter has an inhibitory action within the central nervous system? a. Epinephrine b. Acetylcholine c. Norepinephrine d. Gamma-aminobutyric acid ANS: D Neurotransmitters can be excitatory or inhibitory. Excitatory neurotransmitters include acetylcholine (Ach), epinephrine, and norepinephrine. Inhibitory neurotransmitters include dopamine, some types of serotonin, and GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid). DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowing REF: p. 159 2. How does...

A patient receiving antibiotics for the treatment of a bacterial wound infection develops a secondary fungal infection. The patient asks you to explain why the fungal infection developed. What is your best response? a. “Antibiotics can upset the balance of normal flora and allow yeast or fungus to grow.” b. “Antibiotic resistance has allowed the bacteria in your wound to become a fungus.” c. “Genetic changes induced by antibiotics lead to this fungal infection.” d. “There is...

A nurse wakes the patient for a focused assessment. The patient, trying to rest, tells the nurse, “I wish you would quit waking me up. Do you really need to keep bothering me?” The nurse appropriately responds: 1. “Most patients would love to get the attention that you are getting.” 2. “I understand your frustration, but this has been ordered by your physician.” 3. “It is necessary that I do a head-to-toe assessment from which I can determine whether there are any changes in y...

. What types of drugs prevent or control nausea and vomiting? a. Antiemetic drugs b. Antimotility drugs c. Antidiarrheal drugs d. Antipropulsion drugs ANS: A Antiemetic drugs control nausea and prevent vomiting. Nausea and vomiting often occur together, and the same drugs are used for both problems. DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering REF: p. 242 2. Which common drug for nausea and vomiting is a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist? a. Ondansetron b. Promethazine c. Scopolamine d. Metoclopramide...