Pre Matriculation LECOM Anatomy Exam Chapter 1 The Body Questions Complete With Verified Answers

Pre Matriculation LECOM Anatomy Exam Chapter 1 The Body Questions Complete With Verified Answers Q.Axial skeleton - ANSWERS-bones of skill, vertebral columns, ribs, and sternum Q.appendicular skeleton - ANSWERS-bones of the upper and lower limbs Q.Cartilage - ANSWERS-avascular form of connective tissue consisting of extracellular fibers embedded in a matrix that contains cells localized in small cavities Q.Functions of cartilage - ANSWERS--support soft tissues -provide smooth, gliding surface -enable development and growth of long bones Q.Types of cartilage - ANSWERS-1. hyaline 2. elastic 3. fibrocartilage Q.Hyaline cartilage - ANSWERS-most common, matrix contains a moderate amount of collagen fibers Q.Elastic cartilage - ANSWERS-matrix contains collagen fibers along with a large number of elastic fibers Q.Fibrocartilage - ANSWERS-matrix contains a limited number of cells and ground substance amidst a substantial amount of collagen fibers Q.How is cartilage nourished? - ANSWERS-diffusion Q.What is bone? - ANSWERS-calcified, living, connective tissue that forms the majority of the skeleton Q.Bone function - ANSWERS--supports -protects -reservoirs of calcium and phosphorus -levers on which muscles act -containers for blood producing cells Q.Types of bone - ANSWERS-compact and spongy Q.Compact bone - ANSWERS-dense that forms the outer shell of all bones Q.Spongy bone - ANSWERS-spicules of bone enclosing cavities containing blood-forming cells (marrow) Q.Long bone - ANSWERS-tubular Q.Short bone - ANSWERS-cuboidal Q.Flat bone - ANSWERS-consist of two compact bone plates separated by spongy bone Q.Irregular bone - ANSWERS-various shapes (e.g. bones of face) Q.Sesamoid bones - ANSWERS-round or oval bones that develop in tendons Q.Are bones vascular? - ANSWERS-YES Q.Periosteum - ANSWERS-A dense fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones (except at their extremities) and serving as an attachment for tendons and muscles. Q.Mesenchyme - ANSWERS-embryonic connective tissue Q.Red marrow (myeloid tissue) - ANSWERS-Red blood cells, platelets and most white blood cells arise in red marrow Q.Yellow Marrow - ANSWERS-a few white blood cells are made; however this marrow is dominated by large fat globules Q.Hemopoietic stem cell - ANSWERS-give rise to white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets Q.Mesenchymal stem cells - ANSWERS-differentiate into structures that form bone, cartilage, and muscle Q.Greenstick fracture - ANSWERS-bending and incomplete break of a bone; most often seen in children