CNUR 204 Final (Week 6-12) Textbook
only Exam Question With 100%
Complete Solutions Scored A+
Cataracts - SOLVED ANSWER-Area of opacity in vision
Caused by age, trauma, maternal rubella, radiation and UV light
Leading cause of vision loss
Perioperative cataract removal responsiiblities - SOLVED ANSWER-NPO 6-8 hours
before
Patch over eye
Decrease light due to photosensitivity
Analgesics
Avoid bending, coughing, lifting (increases IOP)
Goals for cataracts - SOLVED ANSWER-Make informed decisions regarding treatment
Minimal anxiety
Understand post-op therapy
Maintain physical and emotional comfort
No infection or complications
Clinical manifestations of cataracts - SOLVED ANSWER-Vision loss
Abnormal color perception
Glare
Secondary glaucoma
,Cataracts interventions - SOLVED ANSWER-Glasses
Increase light
No night driving
Cataract removal surgery
Retinopathy - SOLVED ANSWER-Microvascular damage to retina
Leads to blurred vision and progressive vision loss
Can be due to diabetes
Nonproliferative retinopathy - SOLVED ANSWER-Most common form of diabetic
retinopathy
Capillary microaneurysms
Retinal swelling
Hard exudate
Macular edema
Proliferative retinopathy - SOLVED ANSWER-New blood vessels grow, but are fragile
Causes severe vision loss
Hypertensive retinopathy - SOLVED ANSWER-Blockage in retinal blood vessels
resulting from hypertension
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) - SOLVED ANSWER-Begins after age 60
Destroys macula causing central vision loss
,Wet AMD - SOLVED ANSWER-Most severe form, resulting in blindness
Abnormal vessels in or near macula
Dry AMD - SOLVED ANSWER-Common
Close vision difficulty
Macular cells atrophy
Causes of AMD - SOLVED ANSWER-Age
Genetics
Smoking
Clinical manifestations of AMD - SOLVED ANSWER-Blurred or darkened vision
Scotoma
Metamorphasia
Yellow extracellular deposits
Fundus changes
Treatment of AMD - SOLVED ANSWER-Medication injected into vitreous cavity
Photodynamic therapy
Glaucoma - SOLVED ANSWER-Group of disorders characterized by increased IOP and
it's consequences
Optic nerve atrophy
Peripheral vision loss
Causes of glaucoma - SOLVED ANSWER-Increased IOP from excess aqueous humor
, Primary open angle glaucoma - SOLVED ANSWER-Most common
Aqueous humor outflow decreases due to clogged drainage channels
Optic nerve damage
Primary angle closure glaucoma - SOLVED ANSWER-Decreased outflow of aqueous
humor resulting from angle closures
Can be caused by medications
Clinical manifestations of glaucoma - SOLVED ANSWER-Open angle: no pain or
pressure, gradual vision field loss, tunnel vision
Closed angle: sudden pain, N&V, blurred vision, ocular redness
Glaucoma treatment - SOLVED ANSWER-Decrease IOP
Antiadrenergics
Argon laser trabeculoplasty
Shunt
Hyperosmotic agents
Iridotomy
Antiglaucomas
Glaucoma goals - SOLVED ANSWER-No progression of visual impairment
Understanding of disease process and reason for therapy
Comply with therapy
No post op complications
only Exam Question With 100%
Complete Solutions Scored A+
Cataracts - SOLVED ANSWER-Area of opacity in vision
Caused by age, trauma, maternal rubella, radiation and UV light
Leading cause of vision loss
Perioperative cataract removal responsiiblities - SOLVED ANSWER-NPO 6-8 hours
before
Patch over eye
Decrease light due to photosensitivity
Analgesics
Avoid bending, coughing, lifting (increases IOP)
Goals for cataracts - SOLVED ANSWER-Make informed decisions regarding treatment
Minimal anxiety
Understand post-op therapy
Maintain physical and emotional comfort
No infection or complications
Clinical manifestations of cataracts - SOLVED ANSWER-Vision loss
Abnormal color perception
Glare
Secondary glaucoma
,Cataracts interventions - SOLVED ANSWER-Glasses
Increase light
No night driving
Cataract removal surgery
Retinopathy - SOLVED ANSWER-Microvascular damage to retina
Leads to blurred vision and progressive vision loss
Can be due to diabetes
Nonproliferative retinopathy - SOLVED ANSWER-Most common form of diabetic
retinopathy
Capillary microaneurysms
Retinal swelling
Hard exudate
Macular edema
Proliferative retinopathy - SOLVED ANSWER-New blood vessels grow, but are fragile
Causes severe vision loss
Hypertensive retinopathy - SOLVED ANSWER-Blockage in retinal blood vessels
resulting from hypertension
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) - SOLVED ANSWER-Begins after age 60
Destroys macula causing central vision loss
,Wet AMD - SOLVED ANSWER-Most severe form, resulting in blindness
Abnormal vessels in or near macula
Dry AMD - SOLVED ANSWER-Common
Close vision difficulty
Macular cells atrophy
Causes of AMD - SOLVED ANSWER-Age
Genetics
Smoking
Clinical manifestations of AMD - SOLVED ANSWER-Blurred or darkened vision
Scotoma
Metamorphasia
Yellow extracellular deposits
Fundus changes
Treatment of AMD - SOLVED ANSWER-Medication injected into vitreous cavity
Photodynamic therapy
Glaucoma - SOLVED ANSWER-Group of disorders characterized by increased IOP and
it's consequences
Optic nerve atrophy
Peripheral vision loss
Causes of glaucoma - SOLVED ANSWER-Increased IOP from excess aqueous humor
, Primary open angle glaucoma - SOLVED ANSWER-Most common
Aqueous humor outflow decreases due to clogged drainage channels
Optic nerve damage
Primary angle closure glaucoma - SOLVED ANSWER-Decreased outflow of aqueous
humor resulting from angle closures
Can be caused by medications
Clinical manifestations of glaucoma - SOLVED ANSWER-Open angle: no pain or
pressure, gradual vision field loss, tunnel vision
Closed angle: sudden pain, N&V, blurred vision, ocular redness
Glaucoma treatment - SOLVED ANSWER-Decrease IOP
Antiadrenergics
Argon laser trabeculoplasty
Shunt
Hyperosmotic agents
Iridotomy
Antiglaucomas
Glaucoma goals - SOLVED ANSWER-No progression of visual impairment
Understanding of disease process and reason for therapy
Comply with therapy
No post op complications
