,Chapter 1 — Nursing as a Profession
Key Concept: Professional autonomy and accountability
ANA Standard(s): Professional Performance; Ethics
Nursing Process: Implementation
Stem: A newly licensed nurse is preparing to refuse an
assignment that she believes exceeds her current
competence. Which action demonstrates professional
accountability?
Options:
A. Refuse the assignment and leave the unit.
B. Accept the assignment and perform tasks to the best of
her ability.
C. Discuss concerns with the charge nurse and request
supervision or reassignment.
D. Assign the task to a nursing assistant without notifying
the team.
Correct Answer: C — Discuss concerns with charge nurse
and request supervision
Rationale:
Correct (2–3 sentences): Discussing concerns and
requesting supervision shows accountability and
, professional judgment, ensuring patient safety while
following workplace communication channels
(Fundamentals of Nursing, 12th Ed., Ch. 1, p. 6). Link to
ANA Standard: Professional Performance; Nursing Process:
Implementation.
A (incorrect): Refusing and leaving abandons patients and
violates professional responsibilities.
B (incorrect): Accepting beyond competence risks patient
harm without seeking support.
D (incorrect): Reassigning without notification breaches
delegation standards and accountability.
Teaching Point: Communicate competence limits and
request support to protect patients and self.
2.
Question /stem
Chapter 1 — Historical Influences
Key Concept: Nightingale’s contributions to nursing
practice
ANA Standard(s): Historical context — professional values
Nursing Process: Assessment
Stem: Which of Florence Nightingale’s practices most
directly influenced modern nursing’s focus on
environmental health?
Options:
A. Emphasis on physician authority.
, B. Improved sanitation and ventilation in patient wards.
C. Development of hospital finance systems.
D. Creation of nursing licensure exams.
Correct Answer: B — Improved sanitation and ventilation
Rationale:
Correct (2–3 sentences): Nightingale’s emphasis on
sanitation, ventilation, and environment established the
foundation for infection control and patient-centered
environmental assessment (Fundamentals of Nursing,
12th Ed., Ch. 1, p. 4). Link to professional values; Nursing
Process: Assessment.
A (incorrect): Nightingale advocated nursing’s distinct role,
not physician dominance.
C (incorrect): Finance systems were not her central
contribution to clinical care.
D (incorrect): Licensure developed later as the profession
formalized.
Teaching Point: Environmental control remains a core
nursing assessment for patient safety.
3.
Question /stem
Chapter 1 — Contemporary Influences
Key Concept: Technology impact on nursing practice
ANA Standard(s): Informatics; Quality of Practice
Nursing Process: Implementation
Key Concept: Professional autonomy and accountability
ANA Standard(s): Professional Performance; Ethics
Nursing Process: Implementation
Stem: A newly licensed nurse is preparing to refuse an
assignment that she believes exceeds her current
competence. Which action demonstrates professional
accountability?
Options:
A. Refuse the assignment and leave the unit.
B. Accept the assignment and perform tasks to the best of
her ability.
C. Discuss concerns with the charge nurse and request
supervision or reassignment.
D. Assign the task to a nursing assistant without notifying
the team.
Correct Answer: C — Discuss concerns with charge nurse
and request supervision
Rationale:
Correct (2–3 sentences): Discussing concerns and
requesting supervision shows accountability and
, professional judgment, ensuring patient safety while
following workplace communication channels
(Fundamentals of Nursing, 12th Ed., Ch. 1, p. 6). Link to
ANA Standard: Professional Performance; Nursing Process:
Implementation.
A (incorrect): Refusing and leaving abandons patients and
violates professional responsibilities.
B (incorrect): Accepting beyond competence risks patient
harm without seeking support.
D (incorrect): Reassigning without notification breaches
delegation standards and accountability.
Teaching Point: Communicate competence limits and
request support to protect patients and self.
2.
Question /stem
Chapter 1 — Historical Influences
Key Concept: Nightingale’s contributions to nursing
practice
ANA Standard(s): Historical context — professional values
Nursing Process: Assessment
Stem: Which of Florence Nightingale’s practices most
directly influenced modern nursing’s focus on
environmental health?
Options:
A. Emphasis on physician authority.
, B. Improved sanitation and ventilation in patient wards.
C. Development of hospital finance systems.
D. Creation of nursing licensure exams.
Correct Answer: B — Improved sanitation and ventilation
Rationale:
Correct (2–3 sentences): Nightingale’s emphasis on
sanitation, ventilation, and environment established the
foundation for infection control and patient-centered
environmental assessment (Fundamentals of Nursing,
12th Ed., Ch. 1, p. 4). Link to professional values; Nursing
Process: Assessment.
A (incorrect): Nightingale advocated nursing’s distinct role,
not physician dominance.
C (incorrect): Finance systems were not her central
contribution to clinical care.
D (incorrect): Licensure developed later as the profession
formalized.
Teaching Point: Environmental control remains a core
nursing assessment for patient safety.
3.
Question /stem
Chapter 1 — Contemporary Influences
Key Concept: Technology impact on nursing practice
ANA Standard(s): Informatics; Quality of Practice
Nursing Process: Implementation
