KIN 2236 FINAL EXAM NEWEST ACTUAL 2025/2026 WITH
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE ANSWERS
VERIFIED/GRADED A+
.
injury to kidney - --Answers---MOI will be blunt trauma to flank
or abdomen
-upper half of kidneys are above 12th rib
-there will be flank/lower back pain, tenderness, ecchymosis
and hematuria (blood in urine)
-hematuria will also occur w repetitive microtrauma (seen in
runners), but w history of trauma then hematuria is solid sign of
kidney injury
-this is a medical emergency
injury to bladder - --Answers----bladder normally protected by
pelvic ring
-there is decreased trauma w empty bladder, but of controversy
-there will be blunt trauma over pubic rami, so inability to
urinate despite urge
-also tenderness of supra-pubic region, so must palpate over
pubic region
-may also have visible echhymosis over pubic area
-also have hematuria
-this is a medical emergency
,what are the key prevention strategies for injuries to head, face,
eyes, nose, and throat - --Answers----head and face injuries
are prevalent in sport, particularly in collision and contact sports
-education and protective equipement are critical in prevention
of these injuries
-head trauma results in more fatalities than any other sports
injury
MOI, signs and care of facial lacerations - --Answers---MOI may
be a penetrating or blunt trauma causing direct or indirect
compressive force
-we also have sharp bones in face, so cause split in bones too
-the signs are pain and substantial bleeding, so we want to get
assessment before it starts bleeding too much and we can see
where injury is
-facial lacerations should be cleaned w sterile saline, check for
any debris or damage to underlying structure
-apply pressure to control bleeding
-rule out skull/brain traumas
-referral to physician for stitches, may need plastic surgery
Scalp injuries signs and causes - --Answers----the scalp is a
highly vascular area, so it bleeds a lot
,-cause could be blunt trauma or penetrating trauma, can occur
in conjunction w serious head trauma, so also concussion or
skull fracture
-Signs: athlete complains of blow to head, there is extensive
bleeding and difficult to pinpoint exact site, also hair is in the way
what is usual care of scalp injuries - --Answers----clean w
antiseptic soap and water and remove any debris
-cut away air if necessary to expose are
-apply firm pressure to reduce bleeding
-wounds larger than 1/2 inch in length should be referred to
make sure it is nothing more serious
-smaller wounds can be covered w protective covering and
gauze, use glue to adhere
-this is basically just a laceration, so treat like one
what is the criteria for sending for stitches? - --Answers----
tissue adhesive is recommended for closure of simple
lacerations less than 4cm in length that are not at points of high
skin tension
-if using tissue adhesive near eye, place drape over eye to
prevent dripping
-closure w sutures might be preferable: wounds over 4cm or in
points of high skin tension
-if it is through all skin layers and or showing exposed fat,
tendons, bones or vessels
, -it is best to get sutures 4-6 hours after, 8-12 hours max, place
gauze over lesion and wait
what are the other options for closing lacerations if you dont use
stitches - --Answers----steri strips
-butterfly bandages, which bring the two edges of cut together
-also use skin glue
what is the order of structures of the scalp - --Answers----
scalp
-cranium
-dura matter
-arachnoid
-subarachnoid space
-pia mater
-cerebral cortex
how do brain injuries occur? - --Answers---normally as a result
of a direct blow causing:
- compressive force
-tensiles (negative pressure) force, so like elongation or pull
-shearing, a rotational slide or glide, so brain moving within skull
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE ANSWERS
VERIFIED/GRADED A+
.
injury to kidney - --Answers---MOI will be blunt trauma to flank
or abdomen
-upper half of kidneys are above 12th rib
-there will be flank/lower back pain, tenderness, ecchymosis
and hematuria (blood in urine)
-hematuria will also occur w repetitive microtrauma (seen in
runners), but w history of trauma then hematuria is solid sign of
kidney injury
-this is a medical emergency
injury to bladder - --Answers----bladder normally protected by
pelvic ring
-there is decreased trauma w empty bladder, but of controversy
-there will be blunt trauma over pubic rami, so inability to
urinate despite urge
-also tenderness of supra-pubic region, so must palpate over
pubic region
-may also have visible echhymosis over pubic area
-also have hematuria
-this is a medical emergency
,what are the key prevention strategies for injuries to head, face,
eyes, nose, and throat - --Answers----head and face injuries
are prevalent in sport, particularly in collision and contact sports
-education and protective equipement are critical in prevention
of these injuries
-head trauma results in more fatalities than any other sports
injury
MOI, signs and care of facial lacerations - --Answers---MOI may
be a penetrating or blunt trauma causing direct or indirect
compressive force
-we also have sharp bones in face, so cause split in bones too
-the signs are pain and substantial bleeding, so we want to get
assessment before it starts bleeding too much and we can see
where injury is
-facial lacerations should be cleaned w sterile saline, check for
any debris or damage to underlying structure
-apply pressure to control bleeding
-rule out skull/brain traumas
-referral to physician for stitches, may need plastic surgery
Scalp injuries signs and causes - --Answers----the scalp is a
highly vascular area, so it bleeds a lot
,-cause could be blunt trauma or penetrating trauma, can occur
in conjunction w serious head trauma, so also concussion or
skull fracture
-Signs: athlete complains of blow to head, there is extensive
bleeding and difficult to pinpoint exact site, also hair is in the way
what is usual care of scalp injuries - --Answers----clean w
antiseptic soap and water and remove any debris
-cut away air if necessary to expose are
-apply firm pressure to reduce bleeding
-wounds larger than 1/2 inch in length should be referred to
make sure it is nothing more serious
-smaller wounds can be covered w protective covering and
gauze, use glue to adhere
-this is basically just a laceration, so treat like one
what is the criteria for sending for stitches? - --Answers----
tissue adhesive is recommended for closure of simple
lacerations less than 4cm in length that are not at points of high
skin tension
-if using tissue adhesive near eye, place drape over eye to
prevent dripping
-closure w sutures might be preferable: wounds over 4cm or in
points of high skin tension
-if it is through all skin layers and or showing exposed fat,
tendons, bones or vessels
, -it is best to get sutures 4-6 hours after, 8-12 hours max, place
gauze over lesion and wait
what are the other options for closing lacerations if you dont use
stitches - --Answers----steri strips
-butterfly bandages, which bring the two edges of cut together
-also use skin glue
what is the order of structures of the scalp - --Answers----
scalp
-cranium
-dura matter
-arachnoid
-subarachnoid space
-pia mater
-cerebral cortex
how do brain injuries occur? - --Answers---normally as a result
of a direct blow causing:
- compressive force
-tensiles (negative pressure) force, so like elongation or pull
-shearing, a rotational slide or glide, so brain moving within skull
