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Wilkes 527 Vm 527 Exam

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WILKES 527 VM 527 EXAM 1 Describe the anatomic locations of the major endocrine organs - CORRECT ANSWER Hypothalamus- lower central part of the brain Pituitary gland- base of brain beneath the hypothalamus Pineal gland- middle of the brain Thyroid- lower front part of the neck Parathyroid- two pairs of small glands embedded in the surface of the thyroid gland Adrenal- triangular shaped located on top of each kidney Endocrine pancreas- back of the abdomen behind the stomach Which endocrine organs can I palpate externally? - CORRECT ANSWER -Thyroid can be palpated What is a hormone? - CORRECT ANSWER -A hormone is a substance secreted directly into the blood by discrete specialized cells in response to a specific stimulus and in amounts which vary with the strength of the stimulus and transported to distant targets tissue where it exerts specific effects What are the different types of hormone actions and why does that matter? - CORRECT ANSWER -Endocrine- secreted directly into the bloodstream- transported to distant target t issue to exert its effect Paracrine- hormone released by a gland diffuses through extracellular space to its target cell within the same gland Autocrine- hormone released by a cell-exerts its actions on the same cell What are the different types of hormones and why does that matter? - CORRECT ANSWER -Protein and peptides: hormones synthesized from amino acids, cannot get through plasma membrane, work with cell surface receptors, vary in size a lot (less than 75aa). Main one is glycoprotein peptide hormones, have been glycosylated (sugars added), Steroid: large class of lipids, which are all made from cholesterol, synthesized mainly in the

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