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Electrochemistry

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This chapter offers a clear and thorough breakdown of electrochemical principles, focusing on the structure and function of galvanic (voltaic) cells. The notes explain how spontaneous redox reactions generate electricity and walk through the roles of the anode (site of oxidation) and cathode (site of reduction). You’ll learn how to construct cell diagrams using standard notation, understand electron flow direction, and identify the purpose of the salt bridge in maintaining charge balance. Detailed examples show how to calculate standard cell potentials (E°cell) using standard reduction potentials and how to predict spontaneity using the equation. The notes also introduce standard conditions for electrochemical cells, the role of the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE), and help students analyze how redox strength relates to E° values. Perfect for mastering both conceptual and calculation-based questions in electrochemistry, this chapter includes visual structure aids, redox rules, and example problems to build exam readiness.

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For a basic solution, there are 2 extra steps (Steps #8 and #9)

Step 8: Add same # of OH-irns to each side of balanced equation
(as same #H+ ions)

Step 9:
cancel +
out make #20 Molecules (add to OG equation
Work through Worked Example 19.1. Once you understand the steps needed to solve this type
of problem, challenge yourself with the 3 Practice Problems (Attempt, Build, Conceptualize).



Section 19.2 Galvanic Cells

A galvanic (or voltaic) cell is an apparatus that generates electricity through the use of a
spontaneous reaction.
_________________


anode
In an electrochemical cell, oxidation occurs at the _____________ and reduction occurs at the
cathode
___________.

What is a half-cell? one
component of an electrochemical cell containing an


electrode immersed in a solution

Electrons always flow from the _____________ cathode ( )
anode (t to the ________________. +




What is the purpose of the salt bridge? connects the anode & cathode solutions
so that cations & anious can more from one half-cell to another

Ecell is the symbol for cell potential. What other terms are used interchangeable with cell
potential?
A galvanic cell uses the following half-reactions:
Oxidation: Zn(s) → Zn2+(aq) + 2e− oxidized :
Anode
Reduction: Cu2+(aq) + 2e− → Cu(s) reduced :
cathode
-




Assign the anode and the cathode.
Write the overall balanced spontaneous redox reaction that occurs:
Write the cell diagram (vertical line notation) for this galvanic cell:

In(s) /In (Imi//cu' +
(1M) /Cu(s)
What does a single vertical line mean? What does a double vertical line mean?
a phase boundary
salt bridge
By convention, which electrode is on the left?

anode written to left ,
and then goes in order to cathode on right 2

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June 23, 2025
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Written in
2024/2025
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Susan michael
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