C458 Health, Fitness, and Wellness Study
Questions
key structures in the skeletal system ;~Bones, joints, cartilage, ligament (bone to
bone), tendons (muscle to bone)
three types of muscle found in the body ;~Striated muscle (skeletal muscle, moves all
bones), smooth muscle (lines the walls of the internal organs), cardiac muscle (both
striated and smooth/ only found in the heart)
the two main divisions of the nervous system ;~a. Central nervous system:
Brain and spinal cord
b. Peripheral nervous system:
All the nerves outside brain & spinal cord/ relay messages between CNS and other
areas of the body. Communicates with sensory organs
the structures of the upper and lower respiratory tract ;~Upper: nose, pharynx (throat)
and larynx (voice box) Lower: trachea (windpipe), bronchial tree and lungs
main structures of the cardiovascular system ;~The heart, arteries (blood from heart to
body tissues), and veins (oxygen-poor blood to the heart)
the pathway of blood through the heart ;~Oxygenated blood enters into the left side of
the heart, which pumps it out of the heart through the aorta. Arteries and capillaries
deliver the oxygenated blood to the cells in the organs. Veins carry oxygen-poor blood
and wastes (carbon dioxide and water) from cells back toward the lungs, where it
receives oxygen.
main organs of the digestive system ;~Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine,
large intestine, anus
major organs of the urinary system ;~Kidneys, ureter, bladder, urethra
immune system function ;~Also known as the lymphatic system. It defends and
protects the body from foreign invaders that can cause sickness and disease. Produces,
stores, and carries white blood cells (leukocytes) around the body. It's made up of
lymph, lymph nodes, bone marrow, tonsils, adenoids, spleen, and thymus gland.
, integumentary system ;~Protects from the environment, encloses, lubricates, and
regulates body temp. It's made up of skin, hair, and nails.
the endocrine system ;~Produces hormones which influence growth, development,
and energy-producing activities. The overall function is to keep the body in a state of
homeostasis.
function of the reproductive system and its main organs and structures ;~Female:
vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. Male: testis, scrotum, prostate, vas
deferens, penis.
Cardiorespiratory fitness ;~helps heart and lungs, reduces risk of chronic diseases.
Weight control. Reduced risk of obesity, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and
some cancers. Reduces blood pressure, improves mood, self-esteem, sleep, and blood
cholesterol levels.
Muscular strength ;~helps improve muscle strength, posture, ease of movement, and
the ability to perform everyday activities. Makes tendons, ligaments, and bones
stronger.
Muscular Endurance ;~improves heart health, aids in weight loss, improves mood and
sleep quality, prevents age- related decline, increases lifespan
Flexibility ;~allows muscles to work at their full potential, reduces the risk of injury and
pain, and improves posture and balance
body composition ;~decreased risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and heart
disease. Increased functional ability. A better calorie-burning metabolism throughout the
day. A lean and toned body
non-REM sleep ;~Stage 1 transitions between wakefulness and sleep.
Stage 2 is reached when you are asleep.
Stage 3 is called deep sleep or slow-wave sleep. The body needs this stage to feel
refreshed in the morning
relationship between sleep and health ;~Sleep deficiency is linked to many chronic
health problems, including high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, obesity, and
depression.
strategies for achieving better sleep ;~Set a sleep schedule
Exercise 20-30 mins a day but no later than a few hours before bed
Avoid caffeine and nicotine late in the day and alcoholic drinks before bed
Avoid using digital devices 30 mins before bed
Relax before bed
Create a room for sleep
Don't lie in bed awake
Questions
key structures in the skeletal system ;~Bones, joints, cartilage, ligament (bone to
bone), tendons (muscle to bone)
three types of muscle found in the body ;~Striated muscle (skeletal muscle, moves all
bones), smooth muscle (lines the walls of the internal organs), cardiac muscle (both
striated and smooth/ only found in the heart)
the two main divisions of the nervous system ;~a. Central nervous system:
Brain and spinal cord
b. Peripheral nervous system:
All the nerves outside brain & spinal cord/ relay messages between CNS and other
areas of the body. Communicates with sensory organs
the structures of the upper and lower respiratory tract ;~Upper: nose, pharynx (throat)
and larynx (voice box) Lower: trachea (windpipe), bronchial tree and lungs
main structures of the cardiovascular system ;~The heart, arteries (blood from heart to
body tissues), and veins (oxygen-poor blood to the heart)
the pathway of blood through the heart ;~Oxygenated blood enters into the left side of
the heart, which pumps it out of the heart through the aorta. Arteries and capillaries
deliver the oxygenated blood to the cells in the organs. Veins carry oxygen-poor blood
and wastes (carbon dioxide and water) from cells back toward the lungs, where it
receives oxygen.
main organs of the digestive system ;~Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine,
large intestine, anus
major organs of the urinary system ;~Kidneys, ureter, bladder, urethra
immune system function ;~Also known as the lymphatic system. It defends and
protects the body from foreign invaders that can cause sickness and disease. Produces,
stores, and carries white blood cells (leukocytes) around the body. It's made up of
lymph, lymph nodes, bone marrow, tonsils, adenoids, spleen, and thymus gland.
, integumentary system ;~Protects from the environment, encloses, lubricates, and
regulates body temp. It's made up of skin, hair, and nails.
the endocrine system ;~Produces hormones which influence growth, development,
and energy-producing activities. The overall function is to keep the body in a state of
homeostasis.
function of the reproductive system and its main organs and structures ;~Female:
vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. Male: testis, scrotum, prostate, vas
deferens, penis.
Cardiorespiratory fitness ;~helps heart and lungs, reduces risk of chronic diseases.
Weight control. Reduced risk of obesity, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and
some cancers. Reduces blood pressure, improves mood, self-esteem, sleep, and blood
cholesterol levels.
Muscular strength ;~helps improve muscle strength, posture, ease of movement, and
the ability to perform everyday activities. Makes tendons, ligaments, and bones
stronger.
Muscular Endurance ;~improves heart health, aids in weight loss, improves mood and
sleep quality, prevents age- related decline, increases lifespan
Flexibility ;~allows muscles to work at their full potential, reduces the risk of injury and
pain, and improves posture and balance
body composition ;~decreased risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and heart
disease. Increased functional ability. A better calorie-burning metabolism throughout the
day. A lean and toned body
non-REM sleep ;~Stage 1 transitions between wakefulness and sleep.
Stage 2 is reached when you are asleep.
Stage 3 is called deep sleep or slow-wave sleep. The body needs this stage to feel
refreshed in the morning
relationship between sleep and health ;~Sleep deficiency is linked to many chronic
health problems, including high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, obesity, and
depression.
strategies for achieving better sleep ;~Set a sleep schedule
Exercise 20-30 mins a day but no later than a few hours before bed
Avoid caffeine and nicotine late in the day and alcoholic drinks before bed
Avoid using digital devices 30 mins before bed
Relax before bed
Create a room for sleep
Don't lie in bed awake
