Nurs 615 Pharm Exam 1 - Maryville
Questions With Correct Answers
How bdoes bhypoalbuminemia baffect bthe bprocess bof bprescribing? b- bcorrect
banswers✔✔Low balbumin b= bmore bfree bdrug b(bc bthe bdrug bcan't bbind bto balbumin
baka bprotein) b= bincreased badverse beffects
What bis ba bBlack bBox bWarning: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔is bconsidered ba
bcontraindication bto badminister bthat bdrug.
What bis bthe bdrugs bhalf-life? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Half-life bspecifically bmeans bthe
bamount bof btime bit btakes bfor ban badministered bdrug bto bbe bhalfway bcleared bfrom
bthe bsystem.
Peak bof baction: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔the btime bbetween bdrug badministration band
bmaximum bconcentration bof bdrug bin bthe bblood bstream. bBest btherapeutic beffect.
Duration bof baction: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔the btime bbetween bonset bof baction band
bmetabolism bof bdrug bbelow bthe bminimum bneeded bfor ban beffect. bThe blength bof
btime byou bhave bthe bdrug bin byour bsystem.
According bto bthe bWHO bwhat bis bthe bfirst bstep bin bthe bprescribing bprocess? b-
bcorrect banswers✔✔The bfirst bstep bis bto bdefine bthe bpatient's bproblem
The bsecond bstep bis bto b- bcorrect banswers✔✔specify bthe btherapeutic bobjective
The bthird bstep bis bto b- bcorrect banswers✔✔choose bwhich bdrug bor btreatment bis
bneeded.
Step b4 bof bthe bWHO bapproach: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Start bthe btreatment
Step b5 bof bthe bWHO bapproach: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Educate bthe bpatient
Step b6 bof bthe bWHO bapproach: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Monitor bthe btreatment
Phase b1 bof bdrug bdevelopment: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔The bdrug bis btested bon
bhealthy bvolunteers
, Phase b2 bof bdrug bdevelopment: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔trials bwith bpeople bwho bhave
bthe bdisease bfor bwhich bthe bdrug bis bthought bto bbe beffective
Phase b3 bof bdrug bdevelopment: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Large bnumbers bof bpatients bin
bmedical bresearch bcenters breceive bthe bdrug bin bphase b3. bThis blarger bsampling
bprovides binformation babout binfrequent bor brare badverse beffects. bThe bFFA bwill
bapprove ba bnew bdrug bapplication bif bphase b3 bstudies bare bsatisfactory.
Phase b4 bof bdrug bdevelopment: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔This bphase bis bvoluntary band
binvolves bpostmarket bsurveillance bof bthe bdrug's btherapeutic beffects bat bthe
bcompletion bof bphase b3. bThe bpharmaceutical bcompany breceives breports bfrom
bdoctors band bother bhealth bcare bprofessionals babout bthe btherapeutic bresults band
badverse beffects bof bthe bdrug. bSome bmedications, bfor bexample, bhave bbeen bfound
bto bbe btoxic band bhave bbeen bremoved bfrom bthe bmarket bafter btheir binitial brelease.
Explain bfirst bpass bmetabolism b- bcorrect banswers✔✔much bof bthe bdrug bis blost bin
bthe babsorption bprocess. bThe bliver bmetabolizes bmany bdrugs, bthus breduces bthe
bbioavailabilty bof bthe bdrug.
What bis bthe bfasted broute bof babsorption: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔The bfastest broute bof
babsorption bis binhalation, band bnot bas bmistakenly bconsidered bthe bIV badministration.
Why bdoes bthe bGI btract btake blonger bto babsorb? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔The bGI btract
bis blined bwith bepithelial bcells; bdrugs bmust bpermeate bthrough bthese bcells bin border
bto bbe babsorbed binto bthe bcirculatory bsystem.
What bis bOne bparticular bcellular bbarrier bthat bmay bprevent babsorption bof ba bgiven
bdrug? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔the bcell bmembrane. bCell bmembranes bare bessentially
blipid bbilayers bwhich bform ba bsemipermeable bmembrane. bPure blipid bbilayers bare
bgenerally bpermeable bonly bto bsmall band buncharged bsolutes, bhence bwhether bor bnot
ba bmolecule bis bionized bwill baffect bits babsorption, bsince bionic bmolecules bare
bcharged.
What bis bsolubility? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Solubility bfavors bcharged bspecies,
bpermeability bfavors bneutral bspecies. bSome bmolecules bhave bspecial bexchange
bproteins band bchannels bto bfacilitate bmovement bfrom bthe blumen binto bthe bcirculation.
Why bdoes babsorption boccur bat ba bslower brate bfor boral, bIM, bSQ broutes? b- bcorrect
banswers✔✔Absorption boccurs bat ba bslower brate bbecause bthe bcomplex bmembrane
bsystems bof bGI bmucosal blayers, bmuscle, band bskin bdelay bdrug bpassage.
The bability bof ba bdrug bto bcross ba bcell bmembrane bdepends bon: b- bcorrect
banswers✔✔whether bthe bdrug bis bwater bor blipid b(fat) bsoluble. bLipid-soluble bdrugs
beasily bcross bthrough bcell bmembranes; bwater-soluble bdrugs bcan't. bLipid-soluble
bdrugs bcan balso bcross bthe bblood-brain bbarrier band benter bthe bbrain.
Questions With Correct Answers
How bdoes bhypoalbuminemia baffect bthe bprocess bof bprescribing? b- bcorrect
banswers✔✔Low balbumin b= bmore bfree bdrug b(bc bthe bdrug bcan't bbind bto balbumin
baka bprotein) b= bincreased badverse beffects
What bis ba bBlack bBox bWarning: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔is bconsidered ba
bcontraindication bto badminister bthat bdrug.
What bis bthe bdrugs bhalf-life? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Half-life bspecifically bmeans bthe
bamount bof btime bit btakes bfor ban badministered bdrug bto bbe bhalfway bcleared bfrom
bthe bsystem.
Peak bof baction: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔the btime bbetween bdrug badministration band
bmaximum bconcentration bof bdrug bin bthe bblood bstream. bBest btherapeutic beffect.
Duration bof baction: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔the btime bbetween bonset bof baction band
bmetabolism bof bdrug bbelow bthe bminimum bneeded bfor ban beffect. bThe blength bof
btime byou bhave bthe bdrug bin byour bsystem.
According bto bthe bWHO bwhat bis bthe bfirst bstep bin bthe bprescribing bprocess? b-
bcorrect banswers✔✔The bfirst bstep bis bto bdefine bthe bpatient's bproblem
The bsecond bstep bis bto b- bcorrect banswers✔✔specify bthe btherapeutic bobjective
The bthird bstep bis bto b- bcorrect banswers✔✔choose bwhich bdrug bor btreatment bis
bneeded.
Step b4 bof bthe bWHO bapproach: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Start bthe btreatment
Step b5 bof bthe bWHO bapproach: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Educate bthe bpatient
Step b6 bof bthe bWHO bapproach: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Monitor bthe btreatment
Phase b1 bof bdrug bdevelopment: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔The bdrug bis btested bon
bhealthy bvolunteers
, Phase b2 bof bdrug bdevelopment: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔trials bwith bpeople bwho bhave
bthe bdisease bfor bwhich bthe bdrug bis bthought bto bbe beffective
Phase b3 bof bdrug bdevelopment: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Large bnumbers bof bpatients bin
bmedical bresearch bcenters breceive bthe bdrug bin bphase b3. bThis blarger bsampling
bprovides binformation babout binfrequent bor brare badverse beffects. bThe bFFA bwill
bapprove ba bnew bdrug bapplication bif bphase b3 bstudies bare bsatisfactory.
Phase b4 bof bdrug bdevelopment: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔This bphase bis bvoluntary band
binvolves bpostmarket bsurveillance bof bthe bdrug's btherapeutic beffects bat bthe
bcompletion bof bphase b3. bThe bpharmaceutical bcompany breceives breports bfrom
bdoctors band bother bhealth bcare bprofessionals babout bthe btherapeutic bresults band
badverse beffects bof bthe bdrug. bSome bmedications, bfor bexample, bhave bbeen bfound
bto bbe btoxic band bhave bbeen bremoved bfrom bthe bmarket bafter btheir binitial brelease.
Explain bfirst bpass bmetabolism b- bcorrect banswers✔✔much bof bthe bdrug bis blost bin
bthe babsorption bprocess. bThe bliver bmetabolizes bmany bdrugs, bthus breduces bthe
bbioavailabilty bof bthe bdrug.
What bis bthe bfasted broute bof babsorption: b- bcorrect banswers✔✔The bfastest broute bof
babsorption bis binhalation, band bnot bas bmistakenly bconsidered bthe bIV badministration.
Why bdoes bthe bGI btract btake blonger bto babsorb? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔The bGI btract
bis blined bwith bepithelial bcells; bdrugs bmust bpermeate bthrough bthese bcells bin border
bto bbe babsorbed binto bthe bcirculatory bsystem.
What bis bOne bparticular bcellular bbarrier bthat bmay bprevent babsorption bof ba bgiven
bdrug? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔the bcell bmembrane. bCell bmembranes bare bessentially
blipid bbilayers bwhich bform ba bsemipermeable bmembrane. bPure blipid bbilayers bare
bgenerally bpermeable bonly bto bsmall band buncharged bsolutes, bhence bwhether bor bnot
ba bmolecule bis bionized bwill baffect bits babsorption, bsince bionic bmolecules bare
bcharged.
What bis bsolubility? b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Solubility bfavors bcharged bspecies,
bpermeability bfavors bneutral bspecies. bSome bmolecules bhave bspecial bexchange
bproteins band bchannels bto bfacilitate bmovement bfrom bthe blumen binto bthe bcirculation.
Why bdoes babsorption boccur bat ba bslower brate bfor boral, bIM, bSQ broutes? b- bcorrect
banswers✔✔Absorption boccurs bat ba bslower brate bbecause bthe bcomplex bmembrane
bsystems bof bGI bmucosal blayers, bmuscle, band bskin bdelay bdrug bpassage.
The bability bof ba bdrug bto bcross ba bcell bmembrane bdepends bon: b- bcorrect
banswers✔✔whether bthe bdrug bis bwater bor blipid b(fat) bsoluble. bLipid-soluble bdrugs
beasily bcross bthrough bcell bmembranes; bwater-soluble bdrugs bcan't. bLipid-soluble
bdrugs bcan balso bcross bthe bblood-brain bbarrier band benter bthe bbrain.
