Hematology Patho Objectives UCF NUR 3125 Exam 2
Questions With Complete Solutions
A 67-year-old female has chronic gastrointestinal bleeding. A
nurse recalls the primary cause of her anemia is:
A) Folate deficiency
B) Bone marrow failure
C) Iron deficiency
D) Vitamin B12 deficiency Correct Answers C) Iron deficiency
> > > remember - BLEEDING = iron loss 1st before B12 issues
can start
Agranulocytosis Correct Answers super sick pt
mort. rate 40%
no more bone marrow function/cell destruction
Anemia of chronic inflammation/disease (ACD) Correct
Answers Pathologic mechanisms
Decreased erythrocyte life span
Ineffective bone marrow response to erythropoietin
Altered iron metabolism
Mild to moderate anemia seen in: AIDS, rheumatoid arthritis,
lupus erythematosus, hepatitis, renal failure, and malignancies
◦ESRD (Decreased erythropoietin production)
◦Chronic liver disease ◦Chronic gastritis (ETOH)
◦ETOH, Cirrhosis, Splenomegaly
,◦Chronic inflammation
◦Malignancy, Chemotherapy
◦HIV ◦Hypopituitary
◦Hypothyroid
◦Adrenal insufficiency
Fewer and milder manifestations than most other anemia's
Does not respond to conventional iron replacement therapy
because of dysfunctional transportation of iron to the bone
marrow
Anisocytosis Correct Answers erythrocytes are able to assume
various shapes.
Aplastic anemia Correct Answers disorder of stem cell in bone
marrow
insufficient production of RBC
Related to: cytotoxic agents/drugs, radiation, antibiotics
Pancytopenia
> Reduction or absence of all three blood cell types
>Failure or suppression of bone marrow to produce
adequate amounts of blood cells
Pure red cell aplasia
> Associated with autoimmune, viral, neoplastic disorders
Fanconi anemia
, > Rare genetic anemia accompanied with multiple congenital
anomalies - bone marrow failure
> Autosomal recessive
Blood Work for Anemia Correct Answers Most common ones
are: Hemaglobin = low
Ferratin = low
Hematocrit = low
MCV = low
RBC = low
Serum Fe = low
Dehydrated
Define clinical neutropenia Correct Answers Decreased
number of neutrophils, cannot keep up w/demand
Host defense is impaired
Related to prolonged infection, bone marrow suppression,
decreased survival, drug exposure, cytotoxic drugs, viral
infections, starvation, leukemia, immune disorders
Presentation: infection, malaise, fever, tachycardia, ulcerations
Define Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) Correct
Answers ***sepsis is precurser****
also known as disseminated intravascular coagulopathy or less
commonly as consumptive coagulopathy, is a pathological
process characterized by the widespread activation of the
Questions With Complete Solutions
A 67-year-old female has chronic gastrointestinal bleeding. A
nurse recalls the primary cause of her anemia is:
A) Folate deficiency
B) Bone marrow failure
C) Iron deficiency
D) Vitamin B12 deficiency Correct Answers C) Iron deficiency
> > > remember - BLEEDING = iron loss 1st before B12 issues
can start
Agranulocytosis Correct Answers super sick pt
mort. rate 40%
no more bone marrow function/cell destruction
Anemia of chronic inflammation/disease (ACD) Correct
Answers Pathologic mechanisms
Decreased erythrocyte life span
Ineffective bone marrow response to erythropoietin
Altered iron metabolism
Mild to moderate anemia seen in: AIDS, rheumatoid arthritis,
lupus erythematosus, hepatitis, renal failure, and malignancies
◦ESRD (Decreased erythropoietin production)
◦Chronic liver disease ◦Chronic gastritis (ETOH)
◦ETOH, Cirrhosis, Splenomegaly
,◦Chronic inflammation
◦Malignancy, Chemotherapy
◦HIV ◦Hypopituitary
◦Hypothyroid
◦Adrenal insufficiency
Fewer and milder manifestations than most other anemia's
Does not respond to conventional iron replacement therapy
because of dysfunctional transportation of iron to the bone
marrow
Anisocytosis Correct Answers erythrocytes are able to assume
various shapes.
Aplastic anemia Correct Answers disorder of stem cell in bone
marrow
insufficient production of RBC
Related to: cytotoxic agents/drugs, radiation, antibiotics
Pancytopenia
> Reduction or absence of all three blood cell types
>Failure or suppression of bone marrow to produce
adequate amounts of blood cells
Pure red cell aplasia
> Associated with autoimmune, viral, neoplastic disorders
Fanconi anemia
, > Rare genetic anemia accompanied with multiple congenital
anomalies - bone marrow failure
> Autosomal recessive
Blood Work for Anemia Correct Answers Most common ones
are: Hemaglobin = low
Ferratin = low
Hematocrit = low
MCV = low
RBC = low
Serum Fe = low
Dehydrated
Define clinical neutropenia Correct Answers Decreased
number of neutrophils, cannot keep up w/demand
Host defense is impaired
Related to prolonged infection, bone marrow suppression,
decreased survival, drug exposure, cytotoxic drugs, viral
infections, starvation, leukemia, immune disorders
Presentation: infection, malaise, fever, tachycardia, ulcerations
Define Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) Correct
Answers ***sepsis is precurser****
also known as disseminated intravascular coagulopathy or less
commonly as consumptive coagulopathy, is a pathological
process characterized by the widespread activation of the
