Pathophysiology HESI Exam Questions & Answers 100% Verified

A client who is receiving a whole blood transfusion develops chills, fever, and a headache 30 minutes after the transfusion is started. The nurse should recognize these symptoms as characteristic of what reaction? A. A mild allergic reaction. B. A febrile transfusion reaction. C. An anaphylactic transfusion reaction. D. An acute hemolytic transfusion reaction. - ANSWER-B. A febrile transfusion reaction. The nurse is assessing a client with a ruptured small bowel and determines that the client has a temperature of 102.8o F. Which assessment finding provides the earliest indication that the client is experiencing septic shock? A. Bilateral crackles. B. Hyperpnea. C. Mucus production. D. Weak peripheral pulses. - ANSWER-B. Hyperpnea. The nurse is caring for a client with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), which is manifested by which symptoms? A. Loss of thirst, weight gain. B. Dependent edema, fever. C. Polydipsia, polyuria. D. Hypernatremia, tachypnea. - ANSWER-A. Loss of thirst, weight gain. A client is brought to the Emergency Center after a snow-skiing accident. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement? A. Review the electrocardiogram tracing. B. Obtain blood for coagulation studies. C. Apply a warming blanket. D. Provide heated PO fluids. - ANSWER-A. Review the electrocardiogram tracing. Which pathophysiological response supports a client's vomiting experience? A. Sensory input of noxious stimuli relayed to the cognitive centers is associated with disgust and illicits vomiting. B. Response of stimulation of the posterior oropharynx results in reverse peristalsis of the gastrointestinal tract. C. Spasmodic reflex of respiratory and gastric movements results from stimulation of the chemoreceptor trigger zone. D. Increased gastric and colonic pressures move gastrointestinal contents to the orifice of least resistance. - ANSWER-C. Spasmodic reflex of respiratory and gastric movements results from stimulation of the chemoreceptor trigger zone.