AP Biology Final Exam Review Questions and Answers latest Verified

AP Biology Final Exam Review Questions and Answers latest Verified emergent properties - CORRECT ANSWER-new properties that emerge with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases negative feedback - CORRECT ANSWER-a mechanism of response in which a stimulus initiates reactions that reduce the stimulus positive feedback - CORRECT ANSWER-a physiological control mechanism in which a change in a variable triggers mechanisms that amplify the change inductive reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER-reasoning based on observed patterns polymer - CORRECT ANSWER-large compound formed from combinations of many monomers hydrolysis - CORRECT ANSWER-a chemical process in which a compound is broken down and changed into other compounds by taking up the elements of water enzyme - CORRECT ANSWER-protein that acts as a biological catalyst phospholipids - CORRECT ANSWER-a molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological membranes, having a polar, hydrophilic head and a nonpolar, hydrophobic tail cellular respiration - CORRECT ANSWER-process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen phosphorylation - CORRECT ANSWER-the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a molecule. Nearly all cellular work depends on ATP energizing other molecules by phosphorylation chemiosmosis - CORRECT ANSWER-a process for synthesizing ATP using the energy of an electrochemical gradient and the ATP synthase enzyme. fermentation - CORRECT ANSWER-the process by which cells break down molecules to release energy without using oxygen gametes - CORRECT ANSWER-reproductive cells, have only half the number of chromosomes as body cells