PMHNP-Delirium and Dementia (ANCC 3Ed, Chapter 11) exams passed
Delirium Tidbits - An acute onset syndrome, not a disease. Hallmark symptom: disturbance of CONSCIOUSNESS accompanied by changes in COGNITION. Delirium likely caused by direct physiologic process, substance use/abuse, or general medical condition) Common findings: -Develops over hours to days -Fluctuates during the day - Reversal of sleep-wake cycle (awake at night, asleep in day) - Impaired recent and intermediate memory - Psychomotor agitation (purposeless, randome actions) Common, and often overlooked. Mistaken for dementia in older persons, and for worsening psychotic symptoms in those with SMI. Symptoms can persist for months if not recognized; most resolve in 3-6 months if treated. Delirium subtypes - Hyperactive: agitated, restless, hyperalert Hypoactive: lethargic, slowed, apathetic Mixed: cycles between hyperactive and hypoactive Delirium incidence, demographic, prognosis - 0.4% general population 1-2% those 65 14-56% of hospitalized pts
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