Nursing 101 Chapter 49 Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children Test Bank

What is the most common type of shock in children? a. Hypovolemic c. Neurogenic b. Cardiogenic d. Septic ANS: A Hypovolemic shock, the most common type of shock in children, is associated with a reduction in the intravascular volume relative to the vascular space. PTS: 1 REF: Page 1703 2. Hypotension is likely to occur when an infant or child is greater than _____ % dehydrated. a. 2 c. 7 b. 5 d. 10 ANS: D Hypotension typically develops when dehydration is greater than 10% in the infant or child or greater than 6% in the adolescent. PTS: 1 REF: Page 1703 3. A prolonged capillary refill time in children is consistent with the development of what type of shock? a. Hypovolemic c. Compensated b. Septic d. Cardiogenic ANS: B The child with hypovolemic shock demonstrates signs of inadequate blood flow to some tissue beds and some evidence of organ system dysfunction. The infant or child may be irritable or lethargic. Respirations will be rapid and may be labored if shock is severe or associated with myocardial failure. The skin will be mottled, although pallor also may be observed. A prolonged capillary refill time (>2 seconds) is consistent with the development of septic shock. This statement is not necessarily true of the other types of shock. PTS: 1 REF: Page 1704