NR 507 Midterm Exam Prep (2026) – Chamberlain
Advanced Pathophysiology – 300 Practice Questions
& Verified Answers
300 QUESTIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
# TOPIC
NR 507 Midterm Exam Prep (2026) – Chamberlain Advanced Pathophysiology – 300 Practice Questions
1
& Verified Answers
,Q1
Which cellular adaptation involves an increase in the number of cells in a tissue?
A) Hypertrophy
B) Hyperplasia CORRECT
C) Atrophy
D) Metaplasia
Rationale
Hyperplasia is an increase in cell number, whereas hypertrophy is an increase in cell size.
Q2
Which cellular adaptation is defined as a reversible change in which one adult cell type is
replaced by another adult cell type?
A) Dysplasia
B) Metaplasia CORRECT
C) Anaplasia
D) Atrophy
Rationale
Metaplasia is replacement of one mature cell type by another, often in response to chronic irritation.
Q3
Which term describes disordered, non-neoplastic cellular growth with variation in cell size and
shape?
A) Dysplasia CORRECT
B) Hyperplasia
C) Metaplasia
D) Hypertrophy
2
,Rationale
Dysplasia is disordered growth with pleomorphism and is considered a precancerous change.
Q4
Which cellular change is characterized by a decrease in cell size?
A) Hypertrophy
B) Atrophy CORRECT
C) Hyperplasia
D) Metaplasia
Rationale
Atrophy is a decrease in cell size due to reduced workload, disuse, ischemia, or malnutrition.
Q5
Which cellular adaptation is an increase in cell size?
A) Atrophy
B) Hyperplasia
C) Hypertrophy CORRECT
D) Dysplasia
Rationale
Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size, commonly seen in skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle.
Q6
Which type of cell death is programmed and energy-dependent?
A) Necrosis
B) Apoptosis CORRECT
C) Autolysis
D) Coagulation
3
, Rationale
Apoptosis is programmed cell death that is energy-dependent and does not incite inflammation.
Q7
Which type of necrosis is most characteristic of ischemic injury in the heart?
A) Caseous necrosis
B) Coagulative necrosis CORRECT
C) Liquefactive necrosis
D) Fat necrosis
Rationale
Coagulative necrosis is typical of ischemic injury in solid organs such as the heart and kidney.
Q8
Which type of necrosis is associated with tuberculosis?
A) Coagulative necrosis
B) Caseous necrosis CORRECT
C) Fat necrosis
D) Fibrinoid necrosis
Rationale
Caseous necrosis is a cheeselike necrosis classically associated with tuberculosis.
Q9
Which type of necrosis occurs in the brain after infarction?
A) Coagulative necrosis
B) Liquefactive necrosis CORRECT
C) Caseous necrosis
4
Advanced Pathophysiology – 300 Practice Questions
& Verified Answers
300 QUESTIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
# TOPIC
NR 507 Midterm Exam Prep (2026) – Chamberlain Advanced Pathophysiology – 300 Practice Questions
1
& Verified Answers
,Q1
Which cellular adaptation involves an increase in the number of cells in a tissue?
A) Hypertrophy
B) Hyperplasia CORRECT
C) Atrophy
D) Metaplasia
Rationale
Hyperplasia is an increase in cell number, whereas hypertrophy is an increase in cell size.
Q2
Which cellular adaptation is defined as a reversible change in which one adult cell type is
replaced by another adult cell type?
A) Dysplasia
B) Metaplasia CORRECT
C) Anaplasia
D) Atrophy
Rationale
Metaplasia is replacement of one mature cell type by another, often in response to chronic irritation.
Q3
Which term describes disordered, non-neoplastic cellular growth with variation in cell size and
shape?
A) Dysplasia CORRECT
B) Hyperplasia
C) Metaplasia
D) Hypertrophy
2
,Rationale
Dysplasia is disordered growth with pleomorphism and is considered a precancerous change.
Q4
Which cellular change is characterized by a decrease in cell size?
A) Hypertrophy
B) Atrophy CORRECT
C) Hyperplasia
D) Metaplasia
Rationale
Atrophy is a decrease in cell size due to reduced workload, disuse, ischemia, or malnutrition.
Q5
Which cellular adaptation is an increase in cell size?
A) Atrophy
B) Hyperplasia
C) Hypertrophy CORRECT
D) Dysplasia
Rationale
Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size, commonly seen in skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle.
Q6
Which type of cell death is programmed and energy-dependent?
A) Necrosis
B) Apoptosis CORRECT
C) Autolysis
D) Coagulation
3
, Rationale
Apoptosis is programmed cell death that is energy-dependent and does not incite inflammation.
Q7
Which type of necrosis is most characteristic of ischemic injury in the heart?
A) Caseous necrosis
B) Coagulative necrosis CORRECT
C) Liquefactive necrosis
D) Fat necrosis
Rationale
Coagulative necrosis is typical of ischemic injury in solid organs such as the heart and kidney.
Q8
Which type of necrosis is associated with tuberculosis?
A) Coagulative necrosis
B) Caseous necrosis CORRECT
C) Fat necrosis
D) Fibrinoid necrosis
Rationale
Caseous necrosis is a cheeselike necrosis classically associated with tuberculosis.
Q9
Which type of necrosis occurs in the brain after infarction?
A) Coagulative necrosis
B) Liquefactive necrosis CORRECT
C) Caseous necrosis
4
