1. Qualitative research methods will be used in this research. Qualitative research is research
that produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people and
observable behavior. (Tanzeh, 2011, p. 64). Meanwhile, Moleong (2010, p.6) says qualitative
research is research to understand the phenomena experienced by research subjects holistically
and by means of descriptions in the form of words and language, in a special natural context and
by making use of various scientific methods. In this research, the writer will use a case study. A
case study is a strategy in which the researcher investigates the activities and processes of a
group of individuals carefully. The cases discussed will be limited by time and activity so that
researchers can collect complete information using data collection procedures that have been
determined late. (Craswell, 2013, p. 20). Lincoln and Guba (as cited in Mulyana, 2010, p. 201)
also say that there are several advantages in using case studies, including presenting views of
research subjects, presenting in-depth and thorough descriptions and effective means of
addressing the relationship between researchers and respondents.
In this study the writer will use the steps written by Lodico et al (2006, p.265-267). There are
nine steps written by Lodico et al. The first is identifying a research topic or focus. Researchers
identify topics to be studied based on observations and experiences. Researchers must have
determined the topic when researching something, the goal is to make it easier when collecting
data.
The second is Conducting review of literature. Researchers are required to review the literature
and select relevant information according to their research. It aims to refine the researcher's
question and usually this literature review will continue during data collection.
The third is Defining the role of the researcher. here the researcher has to say to what extent he
will be involved. Because this research uses qualitative research, the researcher must have a
significant role in getting the data perceived by the participants.
The fourth is Managing entry into the field and maintaining good field relations. When the
researcher has determined the field to be researched, the researcher must be consistent with the
topic he has chosen. After identifying the topic that has been selected, the researcher must then
prepare himself to introduce himself and his research focus to the selected school. In doing so,
research must be careful because what it does will affect the daily activities of the school. Make
good relationships with related parties.
The fifth is Selecting participants. Choose participants according to the purpose of the question.
This is very important. Because researchers will obtain data from participants, it must be selected
by looking at the characteristics of the questions the researcher brings up.
The sixth are writing foreshadowed questions. This question is a question prepared by the
researcher. The aim is to focus researchers in collecting data in a systematic way.
The seventh is Collecting the data.Data collection in qualitative in general is interviews,
observation and data analysis.
The eighth is Analyzing the data, after the data is collected, then the data is analyzed and
selected according to the needs of the researcher.
that produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people and
observable behavior. (Tanzeh, 2011, p. 64). Meanwhile, Moleong (2010, p.6) says qualitative
research is research to understand the phenomena experienced by research subjects holistically
and by means of descriptions in the form of words and language, in a special natural context and
by making use of various scientific methods. In this research, the writer will use a case study. A
case study is a strategy in which the researcher investigates the activities and processes of a
group of individuals carefully. The cases discussed will be limited by time and activity so that
researchers can collect complete information using data collection procedures that have been
determined late. (Craswell, 2013, p. 20). Lincoln and Guba (as cited in Mulyana, 2010, p. 201)
also say that there are several advantages in using case studies, including presenting views of
research subjects, presenting in-depth and thorough descriptions and effective means of
addressing the relationship between researchers and respondents.
In this study the writer will use the steps written by Lodico et al (2006, p.265-267). There are
nine steps written by Lodico et al. The first is identifying a research topic or focus. Researchers
identify topics to be studied based on observations and experiences. Researchers must have
determined the topic when researching something, the goal is to make it easier when collecting
data.
The second is Conducting review of literature. Researchers are required to review the literature
and select relevant information according to their research. It aims to refine the researcher's
question and usually this literature review will continue during data collection.
The third is Defining the role of the researcher. here the researcher has to say to what extent he
will be involved. Because this research uses qualitative research, the researcher must have a
significant role in getting the data perceived by the participants.
The fourth is Managing entry into the field and maintaining good field relations. When the
researcher has determined the field to be researched, the researcher must be consistent with the
topic he has chosen. After identifying the topic that has been selected, the researcher must then
prepare himself to introduce himself and his research focus to the selected school. In doing so,
research must be careful because what it does will affect the daily activities of the school. Make
good relationships with related parties.
The fifth is Selecting participants. Choose participants according to the purpose of the question.
This is very important. Because researchers will obtain data from participants, it must be selected
by looking at the characteristics of the questions the researcher brings up.
The sixth are writing foreshadowed questions. This question is a question prepared by the
researcher. The aim is to focus researchers in collecting data in a systematic way.
The seventh is Collecting the data.Data collection in qualitative in general is interviews,
observation and data analysis.
The eighth is Analyzing the data, after the data is collected, then the data is analyzed and
selected according to the needs of the researcher.
