HESIConceptstoKnow Page|1
Table of Contents
Key Points for Anemias ............................................................... 4
Key Lab Values for Anemias ..................................................... 7
Tuberculosis (TB) Overview ...................................................... 10
Medications and Effects ......................................................... 11
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Overview ........................................ 13
Medications and Effects ......................................................... 14
Medications and Their Descriptions ...................................... 17
Stages of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Signs and Symptoms ........... 22
Cholecystitis and Cholelithiasis Overview................................. 25
Dietary Instructions for Cholecystitis and Cholelithiasis ........ 29
Overview of Recognizing Critical Conditions ............................ 32
Shock...................................................................................... 32
Hypovolemia .......................................................................... 33
Pulmonary Embolism (PE) ...................................................... 34
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) ................................................. 34
Compartment Syndrome ....................................................... 35
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Overview ................ 37
Gastroenteritis Overview .......................................................... 42
Types of Traction ...................................................................... 47
Skin Traction........................................................................... 47
Skeletal Traction ..................................................................... 48
Key Nursing Concepts and Interventions ............................... 48
Insulin Overview ....................................................................... 50
Rapid-Acting........................................................................... 50
Short-Acting ........................................................................... 51
Intermediate-Acting ............................................................... 51
Long-Acting ............................................................................ 52
Instructions for Drawing Insulin ............................................. 52
Insulin Chart ........................................................................... 53
Cast Complications and Management ...................................... 55
2. Impaired Circulation........................................................... 56
3. Pressure Necrosis ............................................................... 57
4. Infection ............................................................................. 57
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5. Skin Breakdown.................................................................. 58
6. Joint Stiffness ..................................................................... 58
7. Cast Loosening ................................................................... 59
8. Cast Breakage..................................................................... 59
General Nursing Interventions: .............................................. 59
Dehydration Overview .............................................................. 60
Fluids and Electrolytes Overview .............................................. 62
Electrolytes ............................................................................ 63
Acid-Base Balance .................................................................. 65
Glaucoma Overview ................................................................. 67
Activities to Avoid with Glaucoma ......................................... 70
Drainage Types and Indications ................................................ 72
IV Complications ....................................................................... 74
Right VS Left sided HF ............................................................... 76
Portal Hypertension Overview ............................................... 78
RA vs OA ................................................................................... 81
DI vs SIADH ............................................................................... 84
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Fracture Types .......................................................................... 86
Hyperthyroidism VS Hypothyroidism........................................ 88
Quadrant Pains ......................................................................... 91
IV Fluids .................................................................................... 92
Types of Incontinence............................................................... 94
Renal Obstructions ................................................................... 97
Key Points for Anemias
Iron Deficiency Anemia
• Most common anemia worldwide
• Characterized by decreased iron supply
• Causes: blood loss, poor GI absorption, inadequate diet
• Symptoms: weakness, pallor, fatigue, reduced exercise
tolerance
• Microcytic, hypochromic RBCs
• Low serum ferritin (<10 ng/mL)
Table of Contents
Key Points for Anemias ............................................................... 4
Key Lab Values for Anemias ..................................................... 7
Tuberculosis (TB) Overview ...................................................... 10
Medications and Effects ......................................................... 11
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Overview ........................................ 13
Medications and Effects ......................................................... 14
Medications and Their Descriptions ...................................... 17
Stages of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Signs and Symptoms ........... 22
Cholecystitis and Cholelithiasis Overview................................. 25
Dietary Instructions for Cholecystitis and Cholelithiasis ........ 29
Overview of Recognizing Critical Conditions ............................ 32
Shock...................................................................................... 32
Hypovolemia .......................................................................... 33
Pulmonary Embolism (PE) ...................................................... 34
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) ................................................. 34
Compartment Syndrome ....................................................... 35
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Overview ................ 37
Gastroenteritis Overview .......................................................... 42
Types of Traction ...................................................................... 47
Skin Traction........................................................................... 47
Skeletal Traction ..................................................................... 48
Key Nursing Concepts and Interventions ............................... 48
Insulin Overview ....................................................................... 50
Rapid-Acting........................................................................... 50
Short-Acting ........................................................................... 51
Intermediate-Acting ............................................................... 51
Long-Acting ............................................................................ 52
Instructions for Drawing Insulin ............................................. 52
Insulin Chart ........................................................................... 53
Cast Complications and Management ...................................... 55
2. Impaired Circulation........................................................... 56
3. Pressure Necrosis ............................................................... 57
4. Infection ............................................................................. 57
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5. Skin Breakdown.................................................................. 58
6. Joint Stiffness ..................................................................... 58
7. Cast Loosening ................................................................... 59
8. Cast Breakage..................................................................... 59
General Nursing Interventions: .............................................. 59
Dehydration Overview .............................................................. 60
Fluids and Electrolytes Overview .............................................. 62
Electrolytes ............................................................................ 63
Acid-Base Balance .................................................................. 65
Glaucoma Overview ................................................................. 67
Activities to Avoid with Glaucoma ......................................... 70
Drainage Types and Indications ................................................ 72
IV Complications ....................................................................... 74
Right VS Left sided HF ............................................................... 76
Portal Hypertension Overview ............................................... 78
RA vs OA ................................................................................... 81
DI vs SIADH ............................................................................... 84
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Fracture Types .......................................................................... 86
Hyperthyroidism VS Hypothyroidism........................................ 88
Quadrant Pains ......................................................................... 91
IV Fluids .................................................................................... 92
Types of Incontinence............................................................... 94
Renal Obstructions ................................................................... 97
Key Points for Anemias
Iron Deficiency Anemia
• Most common anemia worldwide
• Characterized by decreased iron supply
• Causes: blood loss, poor GI absorption, inadequate diet
• Symptoms: weakness, pallor, fatigue, reduced exercise
tolerance
• Microcytic, hypochromic RBCs
• Low serum ferritin (<10 ng/mL)
