NR599 Final Study Guide Test
Bank Verified Questions
Answers 2026/ 2027
HEALTH INFORMATICS FINAL
1. Staggers and Nelson System Life Cycle Model
Correct Answer: Begins with Analysis, cycling through
Planning, Developing/Purchasing/Implementing,
Maintaining and Evaluating, and returning to Analysis.
2. Analyze
Correct Answer: Existing systems are evaluated, and
problems are identified. A readiness assessment is
completed, system feasibility is determined, and system
requirements are defined.
3. Plan
Correct Answer: The proposed system is
comprehensively planned. This includes strategic
decisions such as whether the system will be purchased,
developed, or tailored. The analysis and planning phases
take the longest time, approximately 70%.
,4. Workflow analysis and process re-engineering
Correct Answer: Time consuming, but worth doing to
fix smaller issues early on.
5. Considerations during the planning phase
Correct Answer: Key stakeholders; hardware; operating
systems; databases; interface engines; programming;
support for go-live and testing; project maintenance;
evaluation and success factors; security and privacy;
system integration; and IT support.
6. Develop and Purchase
Correct Answer: At this stage, the system is either
purchased or new system development begins. New
components and programs are obtained and installed.
This step may not be distinct from steps 1 and 2.
7. Test
Correct Answer: Extensive testing occurs just before
implementation. Testing should mimic a normal situation
as closely as possible, with simulated units being ideal.
At the end of this step, marketing and communication
efforts are accelerated to make users aware of the
impending change.
8. Implement and Go-Live
Correct Answer: The organization selects an
implementation method best suited to it. Communication
, and training plans are executed. A command center may
be used for larger coordination.
9. Maintain and Evolve
Correct Answer: Usually occurs 90 to 120 days after
going live. The system is considered routine and
integrated into normal operations. It is not static after
implementation and should be updated as needed.
10. Evaluate
Correct Answer: Occurs at each step of the model and
begins in the planning stage. Ideally, between the
planning and implementation phases, the system is tested
and problems are worked out in a simulated unit.
11. Return to Analysis
Correct Answer: The organizational baseline has
matured. This model is related to a spiral of ongoing
analysis. Through upgrades, the project may eventually
end through deinstallation or replacement with a new
system.
12. Blum Model
Correct Answer: Three types of objects identified are
data, information, and knowledge.
13. Data (Blum)
Correct Answer: Uninterpreted elements such as a
person's name, weight, and age.
, 14. Information (Blum)
Correct Answer: A collection of data that has been
processed and then displayed as information, such as a
person's weight over time.
15. Knowledge (Blum)
Correct Answer: Results when data and information are
identified and the relationships between data and
information are formalized, such as recognizing that a
person's weight increases over time because of a
particular factor.
16. Knowledge Base
Correct Answer: Includes the interrelationships between
data and information within the knowledge base. A
textbook is an example.
17. Graves Model
Correct Answer: "The Study of Nursing Informatics." It
used Blum's model to explain nursing informatics and
included four types of knowledge: empirical, ethical,
personal, and aesthetic.
18. Nelson Model
Correct Answer: Added onto Blum and Graves' models
by adding wisdom to the data-to-knowledge continuum,
creating the "Data-to-Wisdom Continuum."
Bank Verified Questions
Answers 2026/ 2027
HEALTH INFORMATICS FINAL
1. Staggers and Nelson System Life Cycle Model
Correct Answer: Begins with Analysis, cycling through
Planning, Developing/Purchasing/Implementing,
Maintaining and Evaluating, and returning to Analysis.
2. Analyze
Correct Answer: Existing systems are evaluated, and
problems are identified. A readiness assessment is
completed, system feasibility is determined, and system
requirements are defined.
3. Plan
Correct Answer: The proposed system is
comprehensively planned. This includes strategic
decisions such as whether the system will be purchased,
developed, or tailored. The analysis and planning phases
take the longest time, approximately 70%.
,4. Workflow analysis and process re-engineering
Correct Answer: Time consuming, but worth doing to
fix smaller issues early on.
5. Considerations during the planning phase
Correct Answer: Key stakeholders; hardware; operating
systems; databases; interface engines; programming;
support for go-live and testing; project maintenance;
evaluation and success factors; security and privacy;
system integration; and IT support.
6. Develop and Purchase
Correct Answer: At this stage, the system is either
purchased or new system development begins. New
components and programs are obtained and installed.
This step may not be distinct from steps 1 and 2.
7. Test
Correct Answer: Extensive testing occurs just before
implementation. Testing should mimic a normal situation
as closely as possible, with simulated units being ideal.
At the end of this step, marketing and communication
efforts are accelerated to make users aware of the
impending change.
8. Implement and Go-Live
Correct Answer: The organization selects an
implementation method best suited to it. Communication
, and training plans are executed. A command center may
be used for larger coordination.
9. Maintain and Evolve
Correct Answer: Usually occurs 90 to 120 days after
going live. The system is considered routine and
integrated into normal operations. It is not static after
implementation and should be updated as needed.
10. Evaluate
Correct Answer: Occurs at each step of the model and
begins in the planning stage. Ideally, between the
planning and implementation phases, the system is tested
and problems are worked out in a simulated unit.
11. Return to Analysis
Correct Answer: The organizational baseline has
matured. This model is related to a spiral of ongoing
analysis. Through upgrades, the project may eventually
end through deinstallation or replacement with a new
system.
12. Blum Model
Correct Answer: Three types of objects identified are
data, information, and knowledge.
13. Data (Blum)
Correct Answer: Uninterpreted elements such as a
person's name, weight, and age.
, 14. Information (Blum)
Correct Answer: A collection of data that has been
processed and then displayed as information, such as a
person's weight over time.
15. Knowledge (Blum)
Correct Answer: Results when data and information are
identified and the relationships between data and
information are formalized, such as recognizing that a
person's weight increases over time because of a
particular factor.
16. Knowledge Base
Correct Answer: Includes the interrelationships between
data and information within the knowledge base. A
textbook is an example.
17. Graves Model
Correct Answer: "The Study of Nursing Informatics." It
used Blum's model to explain nursing informatics and
included four types of knowledge: empirical, ethical,
personal, and aesthetic.
18. Nelson Model
Correct Answer: Added onto Blum and Graves' models
by adding wisdom to the data-to-knowledge continuum,
creating the "Data-to-Wisdom Continuum."
