NURE 105 Final Exam Content
Breakdown Nursing, Pharmacology, and
Clinical Skills Study Guide 2026/ 2027 |
100% Verified with Correct Questions
and Answers | Complete NURE 105
Nursing Review, Pharmacology
Concepts, Clinical Skills Practice, Final
Exam Pre
1. What are the clinical manifestations of dehydration?
Correct Answer: Increased thirst; dry mouth and
swollen tongue; weakness; dizziness; palpitations;
confusion; sluggishness; fainting; decreased urine output;
changes in mental status; kidney changes; endocrine
changes involving poor regulation of sodium and
potassium; nausea; vomiting.
2. What are the assessment findings for dehydration?
Correct Answer: Poor skin turgor, assessed on the chest
or forehead; weight loss; reduced urine output; increased
, heart rate; increased respiratory rate; weak peripheral
pulses; orthostatic hypotension; kidney changes;
neurologic changes such as confusion.
3. What are risk factors for dehydration in older adults?
Correct Answer: Inability to obtain fluids without
assistance; decreased total body water compared with
younger adults; decreased thirst sensation; use of
diuretics; antihypertensives; and laxatives.
4. What are the nursing interventions for dehydration?
Correct Answer: Promote patient safety; replace fluids;
administer oral or IV fluid replacement as prescribed;
monitor the patient's response.
5. What is the best indicator of fluid volume loss?
Correct Answer: Daily weight obtained at the same
time each day.
6. What patient teaching should be provided to prevent
dehydration?
Correct Answer: Drink adequate fluids, primarily water,
and balance fluid intake with fluid output.
7. What are common causes or risk factors for
hypokalemia?
Correct Answer: Diuretic therapy; digitalis;
, corticosteroids; diarrhea; vomiting; prolonged
nasogastric suction; and NPO status.
8. What assessment findings can occur with
hypokalemia?
Correct Answer: Respiratory, musculoskeletal,
cardiovascular, neurologic, and intestinal changes; these
body systems may become weakened or impaired.
9. What are the nursing interventions for hypokalemia?
Correct Answer: Administer potassium replacement as
prescribed; IV potassium may be required for severe
hypokalemia; administer oral potassium in liquid or solid
form when appropriate; administer potassium-sparing
medications such as spironolactone, triamterene, or
amiloride when prescribed; encourage potassium-rich
foods; institute fall precautions; and monitor respiratory
status and oxygen saturation.
10. What are common causes or risk factors for
hypocalcemia?
Correct Answer: Inadequate calcium intake; lactose
intolerance; inadequate vitamin D intake; end-stage
kidney disease; diarrhea; and wound drainage.
, 11. What are the assessment findings of
hypocalcemia?
Correct Answer: Neuromuscular changes such as
paresthesias, tingling, and numbness; cardiovascular
changes including changes in heart rate and a weak,
thready pulse; intestinal changes such as abdominal
cramping or diarrhea; and skeletal changes such as
osteoporosis.
12. What is the nursing priority for a patient with
hypocalcemia?
Correct Answer: Administer calcium replacement
orally or IV as prescribed; provide a high-calcium diet;
reduce environmental stimuli; and prevent injury.
13. What are the nursing interventions for metabolic
acidosis?
Correct Answer: Maintain adequate hydration;
administer bicarbonate when indicated by a low serum
bicarbonate level; and continuously monitor the patient.
14. What are the clinical manifestations of fluid
volume overload?
Correct Answer: Pulmonary edema; bounding pulse;
Breakdown Nursing, Pharmacology, and
Clinical Skills Study Guide 2026/ 2027 |
100% Verified with Correct Questions
and Answers | Complete NURE 105
Nursing Review, Pharmacology
Concepts, Clinical Skills Practice, Final
Exam Pre
1. What are the clinical manifestations of dehydration?
Correct Answer: Increased thirst; dry mouth and
swollen tongue; weakness; dizziness; palpitations;
confusion; sluggishness; fainting; decreased urine output;
changes in mental status; kidney changes; endocrine
changes involving poor regulation of sodium and
potassium; nausea; vomiting.
2. What are the assessment findings for dehydration?
Correct Answer: Poor skin turgor, assessed on the chest
or forehead; weight loss; reduced urine output; increased
, heart rate; increased respiratory rate; weak peripheral
pulses; orthostatic hypotension; kidney changes;
neurologic changes such as confusion.
3. What are risk factors for dehydration in older adults?
Correct Answer: Inability to obtain fluids without
assistance; decreased total body water compared with
younger adults; decreased thirst sensation; use of
diuretics; antihypertensives; and laxatives.
4. What are the nursing interventions for dehydration?
Correct Answer: Promote patient safety; replace fluids;
administer oral or IV fluid replacement as prescribed;
monitor the patient's response.
5. What is the best indicator of fluid volume loss?
Correct Answer: Daily weight obtained at the same
time each day.
6. What patient teaching should be provided to prevent
dehydration?
Correct Answer: Drink adequate fluids, primarily water,
and balance fluid intake with fluid output.
7. What are common causes or risk factors for
hypokalemia?
Correct Answer: Diuretic therapy; digitalis;
, corticosteroids; diarrhea; vomiting; prolonged
nasogastric suction; and NPO status.
8. What assessment findings can occur with
hypokalemia?
Correct Answer: Respiratory, musculoskeletal,
cardiovascular, neurologic, and intestinal changes; these
body systems may become weakened or impaired.
9. What are the nursing interventions for hypokalemia?
Correct Answer: Administer potassium replacement as
prescribed; IV potassium may be required for severe
hypokalemia; administer oral potassium in liquid or solid
form when appropriate; administer potassium-sparing
medications such as spironolactone, triamterene, or
amiloride when prescribed; encourage potassium-rich
foods; institute fall precautions; and monitor respiratory
status and oxygen saturation.
10. What are common causes or risk factors for
hypocalcemia?
Correct Answer: Inadequate calcium intake; lactose
intolerance; inadequate vitamin D intake; end-stage
kidney disease; diarrhea; and wound drainage.
, 11. What are the assessment findings of
hypocalcemia?
Correct Answer: Neuromuscular changes such as
paresthesias, tingling, and numbness; cardiovascular
changes including changes in heart rate and a weak,
thready pulse; intestinal changes such as abdominal
cramping or diarrhea; and skeletal changes such as
osteoporosis.
12. What is the nursing priority for a patient with
hypocalcemia?
Correct Answer: Administer calcium replacement
orally or IV as prescribed; provide a high-calcium diet;
reduce environmental stimuli; and prevent injury.
13. What are the nursing interventions for metabolic
acidosis?
Correct Answer: Maintain adequate hydration;
administer bicarbonate when indicated by a low serum
bicarbonate level; and continuously monitor the patient.
14. What are the clinical manifestations of fluid
volume overload?
Correct Answer: Pulmonary edema; bounding pulse;
