Arch 249 -Exam 2 -Review-Study GUIDE
With Actual Solutions.
Erechtheion - Answer -Ionic
-asymmetrical due to differences in ground elevation
-built by Mnesikles
-"porch of Maidens"
Temple of Athena Nike - Answer -Sacred olive tree
-change in ground level
-pre-existing shrines thay could not be disturbed
-built by Kallikrates
-contest with poseidon on west pedimeent of partheon
Temple of Apollo Epikourous at Bassai - Answer -Architect: Iktinos
-Orientation: N-S
-Plan: Peristyle
-Features: proanks, cella, adyton, opisthodomos
-Exterior: Doric
-Interior: Ionic (engaged columns w, ionic freize with sculpture
Epidauros, Greece, Theater Hellenistic - Answer Theatron (audience)
Orchestra
Skene (backstage)
Stow of Attalus Hellenistic - Answer -Architect: King Attalus 11
-doric and ionic columns
Doric order - Answer -oldest, most simple but powerful
-no base
-fluted shaft
-captial: Circular bottom, topped woth a square or abacus
-frieze: simple pattern of triglyphs with metopes in between
Ionic Order - Answer -used in smaller buildings
, -capital: volutes with egg and dart carved on a curved section in between
-frieze: continuous band of sculpture
-large bases below more slender columns than Doric
-taller shafts with flutes running from top to bottom
-entasis, making it look straight
How does the Corinthian order relate to the Ionic order? What natural element is the basis for
the design of the Corinthian Capital? - Answer The Corinthian Order is the most ornate
(complex) of the three orders with fluted columns and bases much like ionic order, but with
bell-shaped capitals decorated with acanthus leaves.. (Doric=man, Ionic=woman,
Corinthian=maiden)
What are the main design elements ("anatomy") of a Greek theater? How do the form and
design serve the purpose of the Greek theater? How was the theater at Epidauros built (in
relationship to the landscape)? - Answer -has remained intact down through the centuries
because it was safely covered by more than 20 feet of soil.
-famous for its outstanding acoustic
-Theatron is built into the natural slope of a hillside
Great Stupa at Sanchi - Answer -Maurya Period
-Stupa= house cremated remains of Buddha (relics)
-King Ashoka divided relics
-Fence/boundary/transition (Verdika)
-4 gates (Torana)
-Circumabulation Paths
-"Umbrella" (Chatra)
-Bodhi tree, 3 jewels: Buddha, Law, Monastic Life, Buddhas past, present future
-Vertic mast (create axis mundi)
_Understood of a 3D Mandala
Torana (Gateway) and Verdika (Fence) of Great Stupa at Sanchi - Answer
Chaitya Hall at Karli - Answer -"cave temple"
-Porch has pairs of columns sculpted and panted for decoration
-Interior ceiling decorated with wooden ribs to imitate a barrel vault
-Tupa with chapter at back
With Actual Solutions.
Erechtheion - Answer -Ionic
-asymmetrical due to differences in ground elevation
-built by Mnesikles
-"porch of Maidens"
Temple of Athena Nike - Answer -Sacred olive tree
-change in ground level
-pre-existing shrines thay could not be disturbed
-built by Kallikrates
-contest with poseidon on west pedimeent of partheon
Temple of Apollo Epikourous at Bassai - Answer -Architect: Iktinos
-Orientation: N-S
-Plan: Peristyle
-Features: proanks, cella, adyton, opisthodomos
-Exterior: Doric
-Interior: Ionic (engaged columns w, ionic freize with sculpture
Epidauros, Greece, Theater Hellenistic - Answer Theatron (audience)
Orchestra
Skene (backstage)
Stow of Attalus Hellenistic - Answer -Architect: King Attalus 11
-doric and ionic columns
Doric order - Answer -oldest, most simple but powerful
-no base
-fluted shaft
-captial: Circular bottom, topped woth a square or abacus
-frieze: simple pattern of triglyphs with metopes in between
Ionic Order - Answer -used in smaller buildings
, -capital: volutes with egg and dart carved on a curved section in between
-frieze: continuous band of sculpture
-large bases below more slender columns than Doric
-taller shafts with flutes running from top to bottom
-entasis, making it look straight
How does the Corinthian order relate to the Ionic order? What natural element is the basis for
the design of the Corinthian Capital? - Answer The Corinthian Order is the most ornate
(complex) of the three orders with fluted columns and bases much like ionic order, but with
bell-shaped capitals decorated with acanthus leaves.. (Doric=man, Ionic=woman,
Corinthian=maiden)
What are the main design elements ("anatomy") of a Greek theater? How do the form and
design serve the purpose of the Greek theater? How was the theater at Epidauros built (in
relationship to the landscape)? - Answer -has remained intact down through the centuries
because it was safely covered by more than 20 feet of soil.
-famous for its outstanding acoustic
-Theatron is built into the natural slope of a hillside
Great Stupa at Sanchi - Answer -Maurya Period
-Stupa= house cremated remains of Buddha (relics)
-King Ashoka divided relics
-Fence/boundary/transition (Verdika)
-4 gates (Torana)
-Circumabulation Paths
-"Umbrella" (Chatra)
-Bodhi tree, 3 jewels: Buddha, Law, Monastic Life, Buddhas past, present future
-Vertic mast (create axis mundi)
_Understood of a 3D Mandala
Torana (Gateway) and Verdika (Fence) of Great Stupa at Sanchi - Answer
Chaitya Hall at Karli - Answer -"cave temple"
-Porch has pairs of columns sculpted and panted for decoration
-Interior ceiling decorated with wooden ribs to imitate a barrel vault
-Tupa with chapter at back
