CJE BENCHMARK EXAM #2 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS | 300 VERIFIED QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS | NCLEX-STYLE
NURSING PRACTICE | UPDATED 2026
1. Which two chronic conditions are the leading causes of
end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?
A. Asthma and COPD
B. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension
C. Liver disease and anemia
D. Heart failure and pneumonia
CORRECT ANSWER : B. Diabetes mellitus and
hypertension
Rationale: Diabetes damages the renal microvasculature over
time, while chronic hypertension causes progressive nephron
injury. Together they are major causes of ESRD.
2. Which combination correctly identifies the three major
renal replacement options?
,A. Hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, kidney transplantation
B. Chemotherapy, plasmapheresis, dialysis
C. Hemodialysis, nephrectomy, plasmapheresis
D. Peritoneal dialysis, nephrectomy, fluid restriction
CORRECT ANSWER : A. Hemodialysis, peritoneal
dialysis, kidney transplantation
Rationale: Renal replacement therapy includes hemodialysis,
peritoneal dialysis, and transplantation.
3. What is the approximate normal GFR in a healthy
young adult?
A. 20–30 mL/min/1.73 m²
B. 50–60 mL/min/1.73 m²
C. 90–120 mL/min/1.73 m²
D. 250–300 mL/min/1.73 m²
CORRECT ANSWER : C. 90–120 mL/min/1.73 m²
Rationale: Normal GFR is generally around 90–120
mL/min/1.73 m², although it varies with age and other factors.
,4. Which blood type is considered the universal red-blood-
cell donor?
A. AB+
B. A+
C. O−
D. B−
CORRECT ANSWER : C. O−
Rationale: O-negative red blood cells lack A, B, and Rh(D)
antigens and can generally be given in emergencies when the
recipient type is unknown.
5. Which blood type is traditionally considered the
universal red-blood-cell recipient?
A. O−
B. AB+
C. A−
D. B+
CORRECT ANSWER : B. AB+
, Rationale: AB-positive individuals have A, B, and Rh
antigens and generally can receive red blood cells from any
ABO/Rh type.
6. Which compatibility system is especially important
when matching a kidney donor and recipient?
A. HLA
B. HDL
C. INR
D. BNP
CORRECT ANSWER : A. HLA
Rationale: Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching helps
assess immunologic compatibility. Better matching can
reduce the risk of rejection.
7. Which statement about kidney transplantation in a
person with well-controlled HIV is most accurate?
A. HIV automatically excludes transplantation.
B. Transplantation may be possible with appropriate HIV
ANSWERS | 300 VERIFIED QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS | NCLEX-STYLE
NURSING PRACTICE | UPDATED 2026
1. Which two chronic conditions are the leading causes of
end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?
A. Asthma and COPD
B. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension
C. Liver disease and anemia
D. Heart failure and pneumonia
CORRECT ANSWER : B. Diabetes mellitus and
hypertension
Rationale: Diabetes damages the renal microvasculature over
time, while chronic hypertension causes progressive nephron
injury. Together they are major causes of ESRD.
2. Which combination correctly identifies the three major
renal replacement options?
,A. Hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, kidney transplantation
B. Chemotherapy, plasmapheresis, dialysis
C. Hemodialysis, nephrectomy, plasmapheresis
D. Peritoneal dialysis, nephrectomy, fluid restriction
CORRECT ANSWER : A. Hemodialysis, peritoneal
dialysis, kidney transplantation
Rationale: Renal replacement therapy includes hemodialysis,
peritoneal dialysis, and transplantation.
3. What is the approximate normal GFR in a healthy
young adult?
A. 20–30 mL/min/1.73 m²
B. 50–60 mL/min/1.73 m²
C. 90–120 mL/min/1.73 m²
D. 250–300 mL/min/1.73 m²
CORRECT ANSWER : C. 90–120 mL/min/1.73 m²
Rationale: Normal GFR is generally around 90–120
mL/min/1.73 m², although it varies with age and other factors.
,4. Which blood type is considered the universal red-blood-
cell donor?
A. AB+
B. A+
C. O−
D. B−
CORRECT ANSWER : C. O−
Rationale: O-negative red blood cells lack A, B, and Rh(D)
antigens and can generally be given in emergencies when the
recipient type is unknown.
5. Which blood type is traditionally considered the
universal red-blood-cell recipient?
A. O−
B. AB+
C. A−
D. B+
CORRECT ANSWER : B. AB+
, Rationale: AB-positive individuals have A, B, and Rh
antigens and generally can receive red blood cells from any
ABO/Rh type.
6. Which compatibility system is especially important
when matching a kidney donor and recipient?
A. HLA
B. HDL
C. INR
D. BNP
CORRECT ANSWER : A. HLA
Rationale: Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching helps
assess immunologic compatibility. Better matching can
reduce the risk of rejection.
7. Which statement about kidney transplantation in a
person with well-controlled HIV is most accurate?
A. HIV automatically excludes transplantation.
B. Transplantation may be possible with appropriate HIV
