NR 507 Final Exam | NR507 Advanced
Pathophysiology Final Exam Preparation Test Bank
with 550 Practice Questions and Correct Answers/
NR507 Final Practice Test (2026-2027)
A 52-year-old female reports fatigue, insomnia, feelings of worthlessness, and poor
concentration for the past 6 weeks. Which neurotransmitter abnormalities are most
associated with her condition?
A) Serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine
B) Acetylcholine, GABA, and glutamate
C) Serotonin, GABA, and dopamine
D) Norepinephrine, acetylcholine, and serotonin
-ANSWER- A) Serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine
Which finding excludes a diagnosis of Bipolar II Disorder?
A) Hypomanic episode
B) Full manic episode
C) Depressive episode
D) Mixed episode
-ANSWER- B) Full manic episode
A 42-year-old client presents with thick, erythematous plaques covered by silvery
scales on the elbows and knees. Which mechanism is primarily responsible for this
condition?
A) Bacterial infection
B) Autoimmune activation of T lymphocytes
C) Fungal overgrowth
D) Allergic reaction
-ANSWER- B) Autoimmune activation of T lymphocytes
Which client is at greatest risk for a psoriasis flare?
A) Client receiving amoxicillin for streptococcal pharyngitis
B) Client taking antihypertensive medication
C) Client with stress
1
,D) Client with obesity
-ANSWER- A) Client receiving amoxicillin for streptococcal pharyngitis
A 16-year-old develops numerous teardrop-shaped lesions on the trunk two weeks
after strep throat. Which type of psoriasis is most likely?
A) Plaque psoriasis
B) Guttate psoriasis
C) Pustular psoriasis
D) Inverse psoriasis
-ANSWER- B) Guttate psoriasis
Which form of psoriasis is considered a dermatologic emergency?
A) Plaque psoriasis
B) Guttate psoriasis
C) Erythrodermic psoriasis
D) Inverse psoriasis
-ANSWER- C) Erythrodermic psoriasis
Which skin layer provides most of the structural support due to collagen and
elastin fibers?
A) Epidermis
B) Dermis
C) Subcutaneous tissue
D) Hypodermis
-ANSWER- B) Dermis
An 82-year-old develops depressive symptoms after losing her driver's license. The
pathophysiologic basis for this risk factor is primarily:
A) Genetic predisposition
B) Social isolation and loss of independence
C) Neurotransmitter imbalance
D) Vascular changes
-ANSWER- B) Social isolation and loss of independence
A patient starts sertraline for MDD. Which statement indicates correct
understanding?
A) "I should feel better within 24 hours."
B) "It may take several weeks before I notice improvement."
C) "I can stop taking it once I feel better."
2
,D) "I don't need to worry about side effects."
-ANSWER- B) "It may take several weeks before I notice improvement."
The primary pathophysiologic mechanism of myasthenia gravis is:
A) Autoimmune destruction of acetylcholine receptors
B) Impaired acetylcholine release
C) Autoimmune destruction of muscle fibers
D) Defective acetylcholine synthesis
-ANSWER- A) Autoimmune destruction of acetylcholine receptors
Which process occurs earliest in MS?
A) Demyelination
B) Inflammation
C) Gliosis
D) Neurodegeneration
-ANSWER- B) Inflammation
The correct process of MS progression is:
A) Inflammation → Demyelination → Gliosis → Neurodegeneration
B) Demyelination → Inflammation → Gliosis → Neurodegeneration
C) Gliosis → Inflammation → Demyelination → Neurodegeneration
D) Neurodegeneration → Demyelination → Gliosis → Inflammation
-ANSWER- A) Inflammation → Demyelination → Gliosis → Neurodegeneration
In GBS, which assessment finding should prompt immediate intervention?
A) Ascending weakness
B) Decreasing vital capacity
C) Facial weakness
D) Back pain
-ANSWER- B) Decreasing vital capacity
A patient develops resting tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity. Which
neurotransmitter deficiency is responsible?
A) Acetylcholine
B) Dopamine
C) Serotonin
D) Norepinephrine
-ANSWER- B) Dopamine
3
, Which pathologic finding is most characteristic of Alzheimer's disease?
A) Lewy bodies
B) Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles
C) Demyelination
D) Neuronal loss in the substantia nigra
-ANSWER- B) Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles
A patient with diabetes reports burning pain and numbness in both feet. The most
important teaching point is:
A) Daily foot inspections
B) Avoiding exercise
C) Using heating pads
D) Walking barefoot
-ANSWER- A) Daily foot inspections
During a tonic-clonic seizure, the NP should:
A) Insert an oral airway
B) Protect from injury
C) Restrain the patient
D) Administer oral medications
-ANSWER- B) Protect from injury
A patient experiences recurrent unprovoked seizures. The diagnosis is:
A) Epilepsy
B) Seizure disorder
C) Convulsive disorder
D) Pseudoseizure
-ANSWER- A) Epilepsy
Which cranial nerve is involved in Trigeminal Neuralgia?
A) CN V
B) CN VII
C) CN IX
D) CN X
-ANSWER- A) CN V
Bell's palsy is caused by inflammation of which cranial nerve?
A) CN V
B) CN VII
C) CN IX
4
Pathophysiology Final Exam Preparation Test Bank
with 550 Practice Questions and Correct Answers/
NR507 Final Practice Test (2026-2027)
A 52-year-old female reports fatigue, insomnia, feelings of worthlessness, and poor
concentration for the past 6 weeks. Which neurotransmitter abnormalities are most
associated with her condition?
A) Serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine
B) Acetylcholine, GABA, and glutamate
C) Serotonin, GABA, and dopamine
D) Norepinephrine, acetylcholine, and serotonin
-ANSWER- A) Serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine
Which finding excludes a diagnosis of Bipolar II Disorder?
A) Hypomanic episode
B) Full manic episode
C) Depressive episode
D) Mixed episode
-ANSWER- B) Full manic episode
A 42-year-old client presents with thick, erythematous plaques covered by silvery
scales on the elbows and knees. Which mechanism is primarily responsible for this
condition?
A) Bacterial infection
B) Autoimmune activation of T lymphocytes
C) Fungal overgrowth
D) Allergic reaction
-ANSWER- B) Autoimmune activation of T lymphocytes
Which client is at greatest risk for a psoriasis flare?
A) Client receiving amoxicillin for streptococcal pharyngitis
B) Client taking antihypertensive medication
C) Client with stress
1
,D) Client with obesity
-ANSWER- A) Client receiving amoxicillin for streptococcal pharyngitis
A 16-year-old develops numerous teardrop-shaped lesions on the trunk two weeks
after strep throat. Which type of psoriasis is most likely?
A) Plaque psoriasis
B) Guttate psoriasis
C) Pustular psoriasis
D) Inverse psoriasis
-ANSWER- B) Guttate psoriasis
Which form of psoriasis is considered a dermatologic emergency?
A) Plaque psoriasis
B) Guttate psoriasis
C) Erythrodermic psoriasis
D) Inverse psoriasis
-ANSWER- C) Erythrodermic psoriasis
Which skin layer provides most of the structural support due to collagen and
elastin fibers?
A) Epidermis
B) Dermis
C) Subcutaneous tissue
D) Hypodermis
-ANSWER- B) Dermis
An 82-year-old develops depressive symptoms after losing her driver's license. The
pathophysiologic basis for this risk factor is primarily:
A) Genetic predisposition
B) Social isolation and loss of independence
C) Neurotransmitter imbalance
D) Vascular changes
-ANSWER- B) Social isolation and loss of independence
A patient starts sertraline for MDD. Which statement indicates correct
understanding?
A) "I should feel better within 24 hours."
B) "It may take several weeks before I notice improvement."
C) "I can stop taking it once I feel better."
2
,D) "I don't need to worry about side effects."
-ANSWER- B) "It may take several weeks before I notice improvement."
The primary pathophysiologic mechanism of myasthenia gravis is:
A) Autoimmune destruction of acetylcholine receptors
B) Impaired acetylcholine release
C) Autoimmune destruction of muscle fibers
D) Defective acetylcholine synthesis
-ANSWER- A) Autoimmune destruction of acetylcholine receptors
Which process occurs earliest in MS?
A) Demyelination
B) Inflammation
C) Gliosis
D) Neurodegeneration
-ANSWER- B) Inflammation
The correct process of MS progression is:
A) Inflammation → Demyelination → Gliosis → Neurodegeneration
B) Demyelination → Inflammation → Gliosis → Neurodegeneration
C) Gliosis → Inflammation → Demyelination → Neurodegeneration
D) Neurodegeneration → Demyelination → Gliosis → Inflammation
-ANSWER- A) Inflammation → Demyelination → Gliosis → Neurodegeneration
In GBS, which assessment finding should prompt immediate intervention?
A) Ascending weakness
B) Decreasing vital capacity
C) Facial weakness
D) Back pain
-ANSWER- B) Decreasing vital capacity
A patient develops resting tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity. Which
neurotransmitter deficiency is responsible?
A) Acetylcholine
B) Dopamine
C) Serotonin
D) Norepinephrine
-ANSWER- B) Dopamine
3
, Which pathologic finding is most characteristic of Alzheimer's disease?
A) Lewy bodies
B) Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles
C) Demyelination
D) Neuronal loss in the substantia nigra
-ANSWER- B) Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles
A patient with diabetes reports burning pain and numbness in both feet. The most
important teaching point is:
A) Daily foot inspections
B) Avoiding exercise
C) Using heating pads
D) Walking barefoot
-ANSWER- A) Daily foot inspections
During a tonic-clonic seizure, the NP should:
A) Insert an oral airway
B) Protect from injury
C) Restrain the patient
D) Administer oral medications
-ANSWER- B) Protect from injury
A patient experiences recurrent unprovoked seizures. The diagnosis is:
A) Epilepsy
B) Seizure disorder
C) Convulsive disorder
D) Pseudoseizure
-ANSWER- A) Epilepsy
Which cranial nerve is involved in Trigeminal Neuralgia?
A) CN V
B) CN VII
C) CN IX
D) CN X
-ANSWER- A) CN V
Bell's palsy is caused by inflammation of which cranial nerve?
A) CN V
B) CN VII
C) CN IX
4
