Fundamentals of Nursing Practice Exam |
Comprehensive Practice Examination 2026–
2027| Multiple-Choice Questions with Detailed
Answer Rationales
7. Which phase of the nursing process involves collecting subjective and objective patient
information?
A. Planning
B. Assessment
C. Implementation
D. Evaluation
CORRECT ANSWER: B. Assessment
Rationale:
B. Assessment is correct because it is the first step of the nursing process, involving the
systematic collection of patient data through observation, interviews, physical examination, and
diagnostic results.
3. What is the normal adult oral body temperature range?
A. 34.0–35.5°C (93.2–95.9°F)
B. 36.5–37.5°C (97.7–99.5°F)
C. 38.5–39.5°C (101.3–103.1°F)
D. 40.0–41.0°C (104.0–105.8°F)
CORRECT ANSWER: B. 36.5–37.5°C (97.7–99.5°F)
Rationale:
B. 36.5–37.5°C (97.7–99.5°F) is correct because this range is considered the normal oral body
temperature for healthy adults.
,10. Which infection control practice is considered the single most effective method of
preventing the spread of microorganisms?
A. Wearing sterile gloves
B. Administering antibiotics
C. Hand hygiene
D. Using disposable linens
CORRECT ANSWER: C. Hand hygiene
Rationale:
C. Hand hygiene is correct because proper handwashing or the use of alcohol-based hand rubs is
the most effective way to prevent healthcare-associated infections.
5. Which pulse site is commonly used during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in
adults to assess circulation?
A. Radial artery
B. Carotid artery
C. Brachial artery
D. Dorsalis pedis artery
CORRECT ANSWER: B. Carotid artery
Rationale:
B. Carotid artery is correct because it is the recommended pulse site for assessing circulation in
an unresponsive adult during CPR.
1. Which nursing action best demonstrates patient advocacy?
A. Following physician orders without question
B. Protecting the patient's rights and preferences
C. Sharing confidential information with visitors
, D. Making decisions without involving the patient
CORRECT ANSWER: B. Protecting the patient's rights and preferences
Rationale:
B. Protecting the patient's rights and preferences is correct because advocacy involves
ensuring that patients receive safe, ethical, and patient-centered care while respecting their
autonomy.
9. Which of the following vital signs is measured in breaths per minute?
A. Pulse
B. Blood pressure
C. Respiratory rate
D. Oxygen saturation
CORRECT ANSWER: C. Respiratory rate
Rationale:
C. Respiratory rate is correct because it measures the number of breaths a person takes each
minute and is one of the four primary vital signs.
4. Which position is most appropriate for a patient experiencing shortness of breath?
A. Supine position
B. Fowler's position
C. Prone position
D. Trendelenburg position
CORRECT ANSWER: B. Fowler's position
Rationale:
B. Fowler's position is correct because elevating the head of the bed promotes lung expansion
and improves breathing.
Comprehensive Practice Examination 2026–
2027| Multiple-Choice Questions with Detailed
Answer Rationales
7. Which phase of the nursing process involves collecting subjective and objective patient
information?
A. Planning
B. Assessment
C. Implementation
D. Evaluation
CORRECT ANSWER: B. Assessment
Rationale:
B. Assessment is correct because it is the first step of the nursing process, involving the
systematic collection of patient data through observation, interviews, physical examination, and
diagnostic results.
3. What is the normal adult oral body temperature range?
A. 34.0–35.5°C (93.2–95.9°F)
B. 36.5–37.5°C (97.7–99.5°F)
C. 38.5–39.5°C (101.3–103.1°F)
D. 40.0–41.0°C (104.0–105.8°F)
CORRECT ANSWER: B. 36.5–37.5°C (97.7–99.5°F)
Rationale:
B. 36.5–37.5°C (97.7–99.5°F) is correct because this range is considered the normal oral body
temperature for healthy adults.
,10. Which infection control practice is considered the single most effective method of
preventing the spread of microorganisms?
A. Wearing sterile gloves
B. Administering antibiotics
C. Hand hygiene
D. Using disposable linens
CORRECT ANSWER: C. Hand hygiene
Rationale:
C. Hand hygiene is correct because proper handwashing or the use of alcohol-based hand rubs is
the most effective way to prevent healthcare-associated infections.
5. Which pulse site is commonly used during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in
adults to assess circulation?
A. Radial artery
B. Carotid artery
C. Brachial artery
D. Dorsalis pedis artery
CORRECT ANSWER: B. Carotid artery
Rationale:
B. Carotid artery is correct because it is the recommended pulse site for assessing circulation in
an unresponsive adult during CPR.
1. Which nursing action best demonstrates patient advocacy?
A. Following physician orders without question
B. Protecting the patient's rights and preferences
C. Sharing confidential information with visitors
, D. Making decisions without involving the patient
CORRECT ANSWER: B. Protecting the patient's rights and preferences
Rationale:
B. Protecting the patient's rights and preferences is correct because advocacy involves
ensuring that patients receive safe, ethical, and patient-centered care while respecting their
autonomy.
9. Which of the following vital signs is measured in breaths per minute?
A. Pulse
B. Blood pressure
C. Respiratory rate
D. Oxygen saturation
CORRECT ANSWER: C. Respiratory rate
Rationale:
C. Respiratory rate is correct because it measures the number of breaths a person takes each
minute and is one of the four primary vital signs.
4. Which position is most appropriate for a patient experiencing shortness of breath?
A. Supine position
B. Fowler's position
C. Prone position
D. Trendelenburg position
CORRECT ANSWER: B. Fowler's position
Rationale:
B. Fowler's position is correct because elevating the head of the bed promotes lung expansion
and improves breathing.
