NUR 521 Exam 4 Blueprint Practice Questions
and Answers | 2026 Updated | 100% Correct -
University of Alabama.
1. If a child on ICS therapy shows a decrease in growth velocity, what should a
healthcare provider consider doing?
Reassess the ICS dosage or consider alternative therapies.
Switch to a different class of medication without monitoring.
Stop the ICS therapy immediately without further evaluation.
Increase the ICS dosage to improve growth.
2. Which condition is commonly treated with antibiotics?
MRSA
Viral pneumonia
Acute bronchitis
Allergic rhinitis
3. A patient with a serious infection caused by gram-negative aerobic bacilli
was prescribed Gentamicin to treat the infection. A nurse knows to monitor
for what two side effects?
Dizziness and insomnia
Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
Nausea and vomiting
Ocular toxicity and neurotoxicity
,4. Describe how Rifampin's effect on cytochrome P450 enzymes impacts
other medications.
Rifampin has no effect on cytochrome P450 enzymes, thus not
affecting other medications.
, Rifampin inhibits cytochrome P450 enzymes, increasing the
effectiveness of other drugs.
Rifampin induces cytochrome P450 enzymes, which can lead to
decreased effectiveness of other drugs metabolized by these
enzymes.
Rifampin only affects the absorption of medications, not their
metabolism.
5. A patient is prescribed Metronidazole for a bacterial infection but is also a
regular consumer of alcohol. What advice should you provide to the
patient regarding alcohol consumption during treatment?
The patient should switch to a different antibiotic that does not
interact with alcohol.
The patient should increase alcohol intake to enhance the drug's
effect.
The patient can consume alcohol in moderation while on
Metronidazole.
The patient should avoid alcohol during treatment to prevent a
disulfiram-like reaction.
6. Describe the mechanism behind rebound congestion and how it can be
effectively managed.
Rebound congestion is caused by allergic reactions, and it is
managed with antihistamines.
Rebound congestion is a result of viral infections, treated with
antiviral medications.
Rebound congestion is a side effect of antibiotics, managed by
switching to different antibiotics.
Rebound congestion occurs when nasal decongestants are used
excessively, leading to increased nasal swelling upon withdrawal;
management involves tapering off the decongestant.
, 7. A patient presents with uncomplicated cystitis but has a history of antibiotic
resistance. Which medication would be the most appropriate choice for
treatment?
Ciprofloxacin
Fosfomycin
Nitrofurantoin
TMP-SMX
8. Which of the following would confirm a diagnosis of COPD?
Post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.7
Post-bronchodilator increase in FEV1 by > 12 %
9. A patient with chronic liver disease presents with confusion and altered
mental status. Which treatment should be prioritized based on the use of
lactulose?
Administer lactulose to reduce ammonia levels.
Initiate a high-fiber diet for IBS treatment.
Provide proton pump inhibitors for gastritis.
Prescribe antacids for GERD management.
10. A pediatric nurse is preparing to administer a live vaccine to a 10-month-
old infant. Which of the following vaccines is considered a live vaccine?
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Influenza
Polio
Varicella
and Answers | 2026 Updated | 100% Correct -
University of Alabama.
1. If a child on ICS therapy shows a decrease in growth velocity, what should a
healthcare provider consider doing?
Reassess the ICS dosage or consider alternative therapies.
Switch to a different class of medication without monitoring.
Stop the ICS therapy immediately without further evaluation.
Increase the ICS dosage to improve growth.
2. Which condition is commonly treated with antibiotics?
MRSA
Viral pneumonia
Acute bronchitis
Allergic rhinitis
3. A patient with a serious infection caused by gram-negative aerobic bacilli
was prescribed Gentamicin to treat the infection. A nurse knows to monitor
for what two side effects?
Dizziness and insomnia
Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
Nausea and vomiting
Ocular toxicity and neurotoxicity
,4. Describe how Rifampin's effect on cytochrome P450 enzymes impacts
other medications.
Rifampin has no effect on cytochrome P450 enzymes, thus not
affecting other medications.
, Rifampin inhibits cytochrome P450 enzymes, increasing the
effectiveness of other drugs.
Rifampin induces cytochrome P450 enzymes, which can lead to
decreased effectiveness of other drugs metabolized by these
enzymes.
Rifampin only affects the absorption of medications, not their
metabolism.
5. A patient is prescribed Metronidazole for a bacterial infection but is also a
regular consumer of alcohol. What advice should you provide to the
patient regarding alcohol consumption during treatment?
The patient should switch to a different antibiotic that does not
interact with alcohol.
The patient should increase alcohol intake to enhance the drug's
effect.
The patient can consume alcohol in moderation while on
Metronidazole.
The patient should avoid alcohol during treatment to prevent a
disulfiram-like reaction.
6. Describe the mechanism behind rebound congestion and how it can be
effectively managed.
Rebound congestion is caused by allergic reactions, and it is
managed with antihistamines.
Rebound congestion is a result of viral infections, treated with
antiviral medications.
Rebound congestion is a side effect of antibiotics, managed by
switching to different antibiotics.
Rebound congestion occurs when nasal decongestants are used
excessively, leading to increased nasal swelling upon withdrawal;
management involves tapering off the decongestant.
, 7. A patient presents with uncomplicated cystitis but has a history of antibiotic
resistance. Which medication would be the most appropriate choice for
treatment?
Ciprofloxacin
Fosfomycin
Nitrofurantoin
TMP-SMX
8. Which of the following would confirm a diagnosis of COPD?
Post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.7
Post-bronchodilator increase in FEV1 by > 12 %
9. A patient with chronic liver disease presents with confusion and altered
mental status. Which treatment should be prioritized based on the use of
lactulose?
Administer lactulose to reduce ammonia levels.
Initiate a high-fiber diet for IBS treatment.
Provide proton pump inhibitors for gastritis.
Prescribe antacids for GERD management.
10. A pediatric nurse is preparing to administer a live vaccine to a 10-month-
old infant. Which of the following vaccines is considered a live vaccine?
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Influenza
Polio
Varicella
