CSC CERTIFICATION EXAM PREP |QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS |2026 UPDATE |WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
What does the RCA perfuse? - ANS -Inferior wall, RA, SA Node, AV node, RV, Posterior portion
of the septum, Posterior wall, Bundle of His
What does the LMA perfuse? - ANS -Bifurcates into the: LAD (Left Anterior Descending), Left
Circumflex Artery
What does the LAD perfuse? - ANS -Septal & Anterior Wall, Front & apex of LV, Interventricular
septum, anterior pap muscle, most of the R & L bundle branches, Bundle of His
What is the most commonly occluded artery? - ANS -LMA
What does the Left Circumflex perfuse? - ANS -Lateral Wall, LA, Back of LV, Posterior wall in
10% of pop
Ramus artery - ANS -20% of the population has it. Tertiary left main; runs along the LV, between
the LAD & circumflex
SVR - ANS -Systemic Vascular Resistance- the resistance the LV has to overcome to eject.
(Afterload)
PVR - ANS -Peripheral vascular resistance: the resistance the RV has to overcome to eject
S1 - ANS -Closure of the MV and TV; Systole; 1/3 of the cardiac cycle "Lob"
, S2 - ANS -Closure of the pulmonic and aortic valve; Diastole; 2/3 of the cardiac cycle; DUB
S3 - ANS -Auscultated in fluid overload; when preload is elevated; KENTUCKY
S3 is normal in which population(s)? - ANS -Normal in kids, high CO like pregnancy (3rd
trimester)
S4 - ANS -Atrial gallop (pre-systolic); sound caused by vibration of atria ejecting into non-
compliant ventricle; Tennessee
Causes of S4 - ANS -Ischemia, HTN, pulmonary stenosis, CAD, AS, LV Hypertrophy
When are Split Heart sounds heard best? - ANS -Inspiration
Split S1 - ANS -MV closes buff tricuspid
Causes of Split S1 - ANS -RBBB, PVCs, Ventricular Paced rhythms
Split S2 - ANS -Aortic closes buff pulmonic valve
Causes of Split S2 - ANS -Overfilled RV, ASD
Indications for ACE Inhibitors - ANS -CHF/Systolic Failure, AMI (EF <40%), Anterior wall MI, HTN,
Diabetic Renal Nephropathy
-perils Angiotensin Converting Enzyme
ANSWERS |2026 UPDATE |WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
What does the RCA perfuse? - ANS -Inferior wall, RA, SA Node, AV node, RV, Posterior portion
of the septum, Posterior wall, Bundle of His
What does the LMA perfuse? - ANS -Bifurcates into the: LAD (Left Anterior Descending), Left
Circumflex Artery
What does the LAD perfuse? - ANS -Septal & Anterior Wall, Front & apex of LV, Interventricular
septum, anterior pap muscle, most of the R & L bundle branches, Bundle of His
What is the most commonly occluded artery? - ANS -LMA
What does the Left Circumflex perfuse? - ANS -Lateral Wall, LA, Back of LV, Posterior wall in
10% of pop
Ramus artery - ANS -20% of the population has it. Tertiary left main; runs along the LV, between
the LAD & circumflex
SVR - ANS -Systemic Vascular Resistance- the resistance the LV has to overcome to eject.
(Afterload)
PVR - ANS -Peripheral vascular resistance: the resistance the RV has to overcome to eject
S1 - ANS -Closure of the MV and TV; Systole; 1/3 of the cardiac cycle "Lob"
, S2 - ANS -Closure of the pulmonic and aortic valve; Diastole; 2/3 of the cardiac cycle; DUB
S3 - ANS -Auscultated in fluid overload; when preload is elevated; KENTUCKY
S3 is normal in which population(s)? - ANS -Normal in kids, high CO like pregnancy (3rd
trimester)
S4 - ANS -Atrial gallop (pre-systolic); sound caused by vibration of atria ejecting into non-
compliant ventricle; Tennessee
Causes of S4 - ANS -Ischemia, HTN, pulmonary stenosis, CAD, AS, LV Hypertrophy
When are Split Heart sounds heard best? - ANS -Inspiration
Split S1 - ANS -MV closes buff tricuspid
Causes of Split S1 - ANS -RBBB, PVCs, Ventricular Paced rhythms
Split S2 - ANS -Aortic closes buff pulmonic valve
Causes of Split S2 - ANS -Overfilled RV, ASD
Indications for ACE Inhibitors - ANS -CHF/Systolic Failure, AMI (EF <40%), Anterior wall MI, HTN,
Diabetic Renal Nephropathy
-perils Angiotensin Converting Enzyme
