NR507: Advanced Pathophysiology updated Exams with complete solution ; everything you need

Hypersensitivity: Type 1 - Type 1: Allergic reaction, Mediated by IgE, Inflammation due to mast cell degranulation Local symptoms: -itching -rash Systemic symptoms: -wheezing Most dangerous = anaphylactic reaction systemic response of hypotension, severe bronchoconstriction Main treatment: ...

Fat Soluble Hormones - Steroids Water Soluble Hormones - Need 2nd Messenger to transport across phospholipid membranes Pituitary Hormones - TSH, GH, ACTH, FSH, LH, Oxytocin, ADH, Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone Anterior Pituitary - Acct for 75% of total weight of pituitary gland. Three regions, pa...

How does blood flow through the heart? - Deoxygenated venous blood → Sup. Vena Cava → Right Atrium →Tricuspid (AV) →Empties into R. Ventricle (& it contracts) → Blood ejected through Pulmonary Valve → Pulmonary Artery → Lungs to be Oxygenated → Pulmonary Veins → L. Atrium → Mit...

Acute renal failure - Reversible Determining prognosis- kidneys respond to diuretic with good output; this indicates that kidneys are functioning well Acute Pyelonephritis - Diagnosing by clinical symptoms alone can be difficult; can be similar to cystitis Diagnosis established by: -Urine cult...

Hematopoiesis - blood cell formation Fetus- liver and spleen Adult- bone marrow Anemia - A condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in hemoglobin, or in total volume. Erythropoiesis - formation of red blood cells In kidney in response to hypoxia macrocytic normochromic an...

fracture - A break in the continuity of a bone-occurs when force is applied that exceeds the tensile or compressive strength of the bone complete fracture - Integrity of the bone broken into two pieces incomplete fracture - Bone damaged but in one piece open fracture - Aka compound fracture-conc...

Chemicals secreted by cells - hormones neurotransmitters cytokines Three Methods of Communication between cells - Gap junction chemical secretion Remote Signaling remote signaling - chemicals secreted can travel near or far to a specific cell chemical secretion - cells secrete chemicals into ...