CERT Basic Training - (Final Review) Questions with Correct Answers Graded A 2024

CERT GOAL - Do the greatest good for the greatest number CERT's job in fire safety - extinguishing small fires, preventing additional fires CERT Priorities - help in emergencies before pro-responders arrive, rescuer safety is #1. Work with a buddy and always wear safety equipment Fire Triangle - fuel, heat, and oxygen - remove one side to stop fire Class A Fire - ordinary combustibles Class B Fire - flammable and combustible liquids Class C Fire - energized electrical equipment Class K Fire - combustible metals Class E Fire - cooking oils Reducing electrical hazards - avoid "electrical octopus," replace broken or frayed cords, maintain appliances L.I.E.S. - Limit, Isolate, Eliminate, Separate Know where the power shutoffs are for - appliances, circuit breakers, fuses Install in your home - natural gas detector, carbon monoxide detector. Test batteries every six months CERT Fire size-up - do we have the right equipment? Are there other hazards? Is the building structurally damaged? Can we escape? Can we fight the fire safely? Fire extinguishers - water (type A fires), dry chemical, carbon dioxide, specialized fire extinguisher (type D or K fires) higher number on label = greater amt. of extinguishing agent P.A.S.S. - Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep Fire suppression DON'Ts - don't get too close, fight alone, suppress large fires, or enter smoke filled areas Hazardous Materials - corrode other materials, explode or are easily ignited, react strongly with water, are unstable when exposed to heat or shock, toxic to humans/animals/environment through absorption, inhalation, injection, or ingestion All hazardous material placards are a ___ ___ for CERTs - Stop Sign NFPA 704 Diamond - Red - flammability, BLUE - health hazard, YELLOW - reactivity, WHITE - reacts with water, oxidizing problems, special precautions (anything greater than "1" = stop START - Simple Triage And Rapid Treatment (30 seconds) Three Killers - airway, bleeding, shock How to approach a victim - be sure victim can see you, identify yourself, your name and organization, request permission to treat if possible, respect Open airway - head-tilt/chin-lift method Arterial bleeding - artery spurts - controlled by direct pressure Venous bleeding - vein flows - controlled by elevation Capillary bleeding - capillaries ooze - controlled by pressure points Shock - a result of ineffective blood circulation; could lead to death of cells, tissues, entire organs Signs of shock - rapid & shallow breathing, capillary refill 2 seconds, failure to follow simple commands "squeeze my hand"