Pharmacology Evolve HESI (2026)Study ] ] ]
Exam Questions with Answers
] ] ] ]]
A ]19-year-
old ]male ]client ]who ]has ]sustained ]a ]severe ]head ]injury ]is ]intubated ]and ]placed ]on ]assisted ]mech
anical ]ventilation. ]To ]facilitate ]optimal ]ventilation ]and ]prevent ]the ]client ]from ]"fighting" ]the ]ven
tilator, ]the ]health ]care ]provider ]administers ]alcuronium ]bromide ]IV, ]with ]adjunctive ]opioid ]analg
esia. ]What ]medication ]should ]be ]immediately ]accessible ]for ]a ]potential ]complication ]with ]this ]d
rug?
A. ]Dantrolene ]sodium
B. ]Neostigmine ]bromide
C. ]Succinylcholine ]bromide
D. ]Epinephrine ]- ]correct ]answer: ]B. ]Neostigmine ]bromide
Neostigmine ]bromide ]and ]atropine ]sulfate, ]both ]anticholinergic ]drugs, ]reverse ]the ]respiratory ]m
uscle ]paralysis ]caused ]by ]alcuronium ]bromide. ]Options ]A, ]C, ]and ]D ]are ]not ]antagonists ]to ]alcuro
nium ]bromide ]and ]would ]not ]be ]helpful ]in ]reversing ]the ]effects ]of ]the ]drug ]compared ]with ]the ]u
se ]of ]anticholinergics.
A ]client ]with ]viral ]influenza ]is ]receiving ]vitamin ]C, ]1000 ]mg ]PO ]daily, ]and ]acetaminophen ]elixir, ]6
50 ]mg ]PO ]every ]4 ]hours ]PRN. ]The ]nurse ]calls ]the ]health ]care ]provider ]to ]report ]that ]the ]client ]ha
s ]developed ]diarrhea. ]Which ]change ]in ]prescriptions ]should ]the ]nurse ]anticipate?
A. ]Change ]the ]acetaminophen ]to ]ibuprofen.
B. ]Change ]the ]elixir ]to ]an ]injectable ]route.
C. ]Decrease ]the ]dose ]of ]vitamin ]C.
D. ]Begin ]treatment ]with ]an ]antibiotic. ]- ]correct ]answer: ]C. ]Decrease ]the ]dose ]of ]vitamin ]C.
,When ]providing ]nursing ]care ]for ]a ]client ]receiving ]pyridostigmine ]bromide ]for ]myasthenia ]gravis
, ]which ]nursing ]intervention ]has ]the ]highest ]priority?
A. ]Monitor ]the ]client ]frequently ]for ]urinary ]retention.
B. ]Assess ]respiratory ]status ]and ]breath ]sounds ]often.
C. ]Monitor ]blood ]pressure ]each ]shift ]to ]screen ]for ]hypertension.
D. ]Administer ]most ]medications ]after ]meals ]to ]decrease ]gastrointestinal ]irritation. ]- ]correct ]ans
wer: ]B. ]Assess ]respiratory ]status ]and ]breath ]sounds ]often.
A ]client ]with ]a ]dislocated ]shoulder ]is ]being ]prepared ]for ]a ]closed ]manual ]reduction ]using ]consci
ous ]sedation. ]Which ]medication ]should ]the ]nurse ]explain ]as ]a ]sedative ]used ]during ]the ]procedu
re?
A.Inhaled ]nitrous ]oxide
B.Midazolam ]IV
C.Ketamine ]IM
D.Fentanyl ]and ]droperidol ]IM ]- ]correct ]answer: ]B. ]Midazolam ]IV
A ]client ]is ]being ]discharged ]with ]a ]prescription ]for ]sulfasalazine ]to ]treat ]ulcerative ]colitis. ]Which ]
instruction ]should ]the ]nurse ]provide ]to ]this ]client ]prior ]to ]discharge?
A. ]Maintain ]good ]oral ]hygiene.
B. ]Take ]the ]medication ]30 ]minutes ]before ]a ]meal.
C. ]Discontinue ]use ]of ]the ]drug ]gradually.
D. ]Drink ]at ]least ]eight ]glasses ]of ]fluid ]a ]day. ]- ]correct ]answer: ]D. ]Drink ]at ]least ]eight ]glasses ]of ]flui
d ]a ]day.
,The ]health ]care ]provider ]prescribes ]carbamazepine ]for ]a ]child ]whose ]tonic-
clonic ]seizures ]have ]been ]poorly ]controlled. ]The ]nurse ]informs ]the ]mother ]that ]the ]child ]must ]h
ave ]blood ]tests ]every ]week. ]The ]mother ]asks ]why ]so ]many ]blood ]tests ]are ]necessary. ]Which ]co
mplication ]is ]assessed ]through ]frequent ]laboratory ]testing ]that ]the ]nurse ]should ]explain ]to ]this ]
mother?
A. ]Nephrotoxicity
B. ]Ototoxicity
C. ]Myelosuppression
D.Hepatotoxicity ]- ]correct ]answer: ]C. ]Myelosuppression
Myelosuppression ]is ]the ]highest ]priority ]complication ]that ]can ]potentially ]affect ]clients ]manage
d ]with ]carbamazepine ]therapy. ]The ]client ]requires ]close ]monitoring ]for ]this ]condition ]by ]weekly ]
laboratory ]testing. ]Hepatic ]function ]may ]be ]altered, ]but ]this ]complication ]does ]not ]have ]as ]great
]a ]potential ]for ]occurrence ]as ]option ]C. ]Options ]A ]and ]B ]are ]not ]typical ]complications ]of ]carbama
zepine ]therapy.
When ]developing ]a ]written ]nursing ]care ]plan ]for ]a ]client ]receiving ]chemotherapy ]for ]treatment ]
of ]cancer, ]the ]nurse ]writes, ]"Assess ]each ]voiding ]for ]hematuria." ]The ]administration ]of ]which ]ty
pe ]of ]chemotherapeutic ]agent ]would ]prompt ]the ]nurse ]to ]add ]this ]intervention?
A. ]Vincristine
B. ]Bleomycin ]sulfate
C. ]Chlorambucil
D. ]Cyclophosphamide ]- ]correct ]answer: ]D. ]Cyclophosphamide
Hemorrhagic ]cystitis ]is ]the ]characteristic ]adverse ]reaction ]of ]cyclophosphamide. ]Administration ]
of ]options ]A, ]B, ]and ]C ]does ]not ]typically ]cause ]hemorrhagic ]cystitis.
, A ]client ]is ]receiving ]oral ]griseofulvin ]for ]a ]persistent ]tinea ]corporis ]infection. ]Which ]response ]by ]
the ]client ]indicates ]an ]accurate ]understanding ]of ]the ]drug ]teaching ]conducted ]by ]the ]nurse?
A. ]"I'll ]wear ]sunscreen ]whenever ]I ]mow ]the ]lawn."
B. ]"This ]is ]the ]worse ]bacterial ]infection ]I've ]ever ]had."
C. ]"I ]will ]need ]to ]take ]the ]medication ]for ]7 ]days."
D. ]"My ]urine ]will ]probably ]turn ]brown ]due ]to ]this ]drug." ]- ]correct ]answer: ]A. ]"I'll ]wear ]sunscreen
]whenever ]I ]mow ]the ]lawn."
Photosensitivity ]is ]a ]side ]effect ]of ]griseofulvin, ]so ]clients ]should ]be ]cautioned ]to ]wear ]protective
]sunscreen ]during ]sun ]exposure. ]Options ]B, ]C, ]and ]D ]are ]not ]accurate ]statements ]about ]side ]effe
cts ]of ]this ]medication.
A ]6-year-
old ]child ]is ]admitted ]to ]the ]emergency ]department ]with ]status ]epilepticus. ]His ]parents ]report ]th
at ]his ]seizure ]disorder ]has ]been ]managed ]with ]phenytoin, ]50 ]mg ]PO ]bid, ]for ]the ]past ]year. ]Whic
h ]drug ]should ]the ]nurse ]plan ]to ]administer ]in ]the ]emergency ]department?
A. ]Phenytoin
B. ]Diazepam
C. ]Phenobarbital
D. ]Carbamazepine ]- ]correct ]answer: ]B. ]Diazepam
Diazepam ]is ]the ]drug ]of ]choice ]for ]treatment ]of ]status ]epilepticus. ]Options ]A, ]C, ]and ]D ]are ]used ]f
or ]the ]long-
term ]management ]of ]seizure ]disorders ]but ]are ]not ]as ]useful ]in ]the ]emergency ]management ]of ]s
tatus ]epilepticus.
Exam Questions with Answers
] ] ] ]]
A ]19-year-
old ]male ]client ]who ]has ]sustained ]a ]severe ]head ]injury ]is ]intubated ]and ]placed ]on ]assisted ]mech
anical ]ventilation. ]To ]facilitate ]optimal ]ventilation ]and ]prevent ]the ]client ]from ]"fighting" ]the ]ven
tilator, ]the ]health ]care ]provider ]administers ]alcuronium ]bromide ]IV, ]with ]adjunctive ]opioid ]analg
esia. ]What ]medication ]should ]be ]immediately ]accessible ]for ]a ]potential ]complication ]with ]this ]d
rug?
A. ]Dantrolene ]sodium
B. ]Neostigmine ]bromide
C. ]Succinylcholine ]bromide
D. ]Epinephrine ]- ]correct ]answer: ]B. ]Neostigmine ]bromide
Neostigmine ]bromide ]and ]atropine ]sulfate, ]both ]anticholinergic ]drugs, ]reverse ]the ]respiratory ]m
uscle ]paralysis ]caused ]by ]alcuronium ]bromide. ]Options ]A, ]C, ]and ]D ]are ]not ]antagonists ]to ]alcuro
nium ]bromide ]and ]would ]not ]be ]helpful ]in ]reversing ]the ]effects ]of ]the ]drug ]compared ]with ]the ]u
se ]of ]anticholinergics.
A ]client ]with ]viral ]influenza ]is ]receiving ]vitamin ]C, ]1000 ]mg ]PO ]daily, ]and ]acetaminophen ]elixir, ]6
50 ]mg ]PO ]every ]4 ]hours ]PRN. ]The ]nurse ]calls ]the ]health ]care ]provider ]to ]report ]that ]the ]client ]ha
s ]developed ]diarrhea. ]Which ]change ]in ]prescriptions ]should ]the ]nurse ]anticipate?
A. ]Change ]the ]acetaminophen ]to ]ibuprofen.
B. ]Change ]the ]elixir ]to ]an ]injectable ]route.
C. ]Decrease ]the ]dose ]of ]vitamin ]C.
D. ]Begin ]treatment ]with ]an ]antibiotic. ]- ]correct ]answer: ]C. ]Decrease ]the ]dose ]of ]vitamin ]C.
,When ]providing ]nursing ]care ]for ]a ]client ]receiving ]pyridostigmine ]bromide ]for ]myasthenia ]gravis
, ]which ]nursing ]intervention ]has ]the ]highest ]priority?
A. ]Monitor ]the ]client ]frequently ]for ]urinary ]retention.
B. ]Assess ]respiratory ]status ]and ]breath ]sounds ]often.
C. ]Monitor ]blood ]pressure ]each ]shift ]to ]screen ]for ]hypertension.
D. ]Administer ]most ]medications ]after ]meals ]to ]decrease ]gastrointestinal ]irritation. ]- ]correct ]ans
wer: ]B. ]Assess ]respiratory ]status ]and ]breath ]sounds ]often.
A ]client ]with ]a ]dislocated ]shoulder ]is ]being ]prepared ]for ]a ]closed ]manual ]reduction ]using ]consci
ous ]sedation. ]Which ]medication ]should ]the ]nurse ]explain ]as ]a ]sedative ]used ]during ]the ]procedu
re?
A.Inhaled ]nitrous ]oxide
B.Midazolam ]IV
C.Ketamine ]IM
D.Fentanyl ]and ]droperidol ]IM ]- ]correct ]answer: ]B. ]Midazolam ]IV
A ]client ]is ]being ]discharged ]with ]a ]prescription ]for ]sulfasalazine ]to ]treat ]ulcerative ]colitis. ]Which ]
instruction ]should ]the ]nurse ]provide ]to ]this ]client ]prior ]to ]discharge?
A. ]Maintain ]good ]oral ]hygiene.
B. ]Take ]the ]medication ]30 ]minutes ]before ]a ]meal.
C. ]Discontinue ]use ]of ]the ]drug ]gradually.
D. ]Drink ]at ]least ]eight ]glasses ]of ]fluid ]a ]day. ]- ]correct ]answer: ]D. ]Drink ]at ]least ]eight ]glasses ]of ]flui
d ]a ]day.
,The ]health ]care ]provider ]prescribes ]carbamazepine ]for ]a ]child ]whose ]tonic-
clonic ]seizures ]have ]been ]poorly ]controlled. ]The ]nurse ]informs ]the ]mother ]that ]the ]child ]must ]h
ave ]blood ]tests ]every ]week. ]The ]mother ]asks ]why ]so ]many ]blood ]tests ]are ]necessary. ]Which ]co
mplication ]is ]assessed ]through ]frequent ]laboratory ]testing ]that ]the ]nurse ]should ]explain ]to ]this ]
mother?
A. ]Nephrotoxicity
B. ]Ototoxicity
C. ]Myelosuppression
D.Hepatotoxicity ]- ]correct ]answer: ]C. ]Myelosuppression
Myelosuppression ]is ]the ]highest ]priority ]complication ]that ]can ]potentially ]affect ]clients ]manage
d ]with ]carbamazepine ]therapy. ]The ]client ]requires ]close ]monitoring ]for ]this ]condition ]by ]weekly ]
laboratory ]testing. ]Hepatic ]function ]may ]be ]altered, ]but ]this ]complication ]does ]not ]have ]as ]great
]a ]potential ]for ]occurrence ]as ]option ]C. ]Options ]A ]and ]B ]are ]not ]typical ]complications ]of ]carbama
zepine ]therapy.
When ]developing ]a ]written ]nursing ]care ]plan ]for ]a ]client ]receiving ]chemotherapy ]for ]treatment ]
of ]cancer, ]the ]nurse ]writes, ]"Assess ]each ]voiding ]for ]hematuria." ]The ]administration ]of ]which ]ty
pe ]of ]chemotherapeutic ]agent ]would ]prompt ]the ]nurse ]to ]add ]this ]intervention?
A. ]Vincristine
B. ]Bleomycin ]sulfate
C. ]Chlorambucil
D. ]Cyclophosphamide ]- ]correct ]answer: ]D. ]Cyclophosphamide
Hemorrhagic ]cystitis ]is ]the ]characteristic ]adverse ]reaction ]of ]cyclophosphamide. ]Administration ]
of ]options ]A, ]B, ]and ]C ]does ]not ]typically ]cause ]hemorrhagic ]cystitis.
, A ]client ]is ]receiving ]oral ]griseofulvin ]for ]a ]persistent ]tinea ]corporis ]infection. ]Which ]response ]by ]
the ]client ]indicates ]an ]accurate ]understanding ]of ]the ]drug ]teaching ]conducted ]by ]the ]nurse?
A. ]"I'll ]wear ]sunscreen ]whenever ]I ]mow ]the ]lawn."
B. ]"This ]is ]the ]worse ]bacterial ]infection ]I've ]ever ]had."
C. ]"I ]will ]need ]to ]take ]the ]medication ]for ]7 ]days."
D. ]"My ]urine ]will ]probably ]turn ]brown ]due ]to ]this ]drug." ]- ]correct ]answer: ]A. ]"I'll ]wear ]sunscreen
]whenever ]I ]mow ]the ]lawn."
Photosensitivity ]is ]a ]side ]effect ]of ]griseofulvin, ]so ]clients ]should ]be ]cautioned ]to ]wear ]protective
]sunscreen ]during ]sun ]exposure. ]Options ]B, ]C, ]and ]D ]are ]not ]accurate ]statements ]about ]side ]effe
cts ]of ]this ]medication.
A ]6-year-
old ]child ]is ]admitted ]to ]the ]emergency ]department ]with ]status ]epilepticus. ]His ]parents ]report ]th
at ]his ]seizure ]disorder ]has ]been ]managed ]with ]phenytoin, ]50 ]mg ]PO ]bid, ]for ]the ]past ]year. ]Whic
h ]drug ]should ]the ]nurse ]plan ]to ]administer ]in ]the ]emergency ]department?
A. ]Phenytoin
B. ]Diazepam
C. ]Phenobarbital
D. ]Carbamazepine ]- ]correct ]answer: ]B. ]Diazepam
Diazepam ]is ]the ]drug ]of ]choice ]for ]treatment ]of ]status ]epilepticus. ]Options ]A, ]C, ]and ]D ]are ]used ]f
or ]the ]long-
term ]management ]of ]seizure ]disorders ]but ]are ]not ]as ]useful ]in ]the ]emergency ]management ]of ]s
tatus ]epilepticus.
