Adult-Gerontology CNS Exam with Verified Question
and Answer
The truths about aging
1. Men
2. Senile
3. Exercise - Correct Answer --only 4.5% of seniors live in long-term care facilities
-__1__ age 65 + are at the highest risk for suicide according to the CDC
-the majority of old pal age 65+ aren't __2__ &/or don't have defective memories, disorientation
or dementia
-never too old to __3__, even bed bound pts can __3__
Types of age - Correct Answer -1. Chronologic
2. Functional
Chronologic age - Correct Answer -How many years a person has lived
Functional age - Correct Answer --relates to "what I can do"
-varies with each individual
-is a better way of determining when we are "old"
Importance of *language*
1. Geriatric
2. Gerontology - Correct Answer --_____ we use when talking w/, or about OAs reflects our
attitudes
-using patronizing/demeaning terminology is disrespectful; can influence others we work w/ to
do the same
-this is why what was once referred to as "__1__" nursing is now "__2__" nursing
Communication with older adults
+ = elder talk - Correct Answer -Study on Alzheimer pts showed...
-don’t use baby talk AKA "honey/sweaty" (patronizing communication) also referred to as
__+__
-when this was used, pts was twice as likely to become non-cooperative w/ staff
-when addressed in normal adult tones & language, they became cooperative again
1. Attitudes
2. Actions - Correct Answer -Our __1__ toward aging determines/influences our __2__
Ageism - Correct Answer -The process of systematic stereotyping, discrimination, or prejudice
against persons based on the characteristics of age
Effects of ageism - Correct Answer --discrimination in the workplace & in access to health
care/services
-infantilization of the OA (can be even be done by well-meaning staff)
-scapegoat for frustrated health care workers
-blame of the victim (for his/her own physical/cognitive defects)
-overly positive stereotypes
Discrimination of OA (workplace & in healthcare)
+ = healthcare - Correct Answer --effect of ageism
-creates social isolation for the elderly
-some of the most negative effects of ageism happen in __+__
1
,Overly positive stereotypes of the OA - Correct Answer --effect/type of ageism
-ex: "cute little old man"
-better if you try to learn something about them
-we don't want to be judged by our looks & neither do OAs
Attitudes about work
1. Aging
2. Older adults
3. Agrarian societies - Correct Answer --the work ethic and consumerism in North America
affect our ideas about __1__
-the more industrialized a country, the lower the status of __2__
-in more __3__ the old tend to be honored and multigenerational families live together
*Work ethic and consumerism* in North America- effects on ideas about aging - Correct
Answer --identity of many people is tied to their work
-so, when people retire/are no longer able to work, they may become viewed as "less valuable"
be no longer contributing to society
-some pal have attitude that the "old" are using up all the resources like Social
Security/Medicare
Advertising agencies
+ = ads - Correct Answer -= a significant contributor to ageism
-__+__ dwell on problems of OA (incontinence/impotence)
-prey on fear of OA if you fall= nursing home (ex-UNLESS you have a medic alert necklace) /
fear of disease (ex- marketing shingles ds TX)
Theories of *aging* - Correct Answer -1. Stochastic theories (random causes): free radical
theory, wear & tear theory, error theory
2. Non-stochastic theories (less random): Hay flick theory, immunological theory,
neuroendocrine theory
*Regardless, exact cause of _______ is unknown!*
Stochastic theories
+ = free radicals
^ = antioxidants - Correct Answer --theories of aging that propose aging events are random &
accumulate w/ time
-includes 3 dive theories:
1. suggests __+__ (product of oxidation of fats, proteins, or carbs) attach to other molecules
and cause cellular damage; basis for the use of __^__ to prevent aging
2. Wear & tear theory
3. Error theory
Wear & Tear Theory - Correct Answer --stochastic theory
-suggests repeated and random injury to cells, tissues, and organs result in aging
Error Theory - Correct Answer --suggests accumulation of DNA errors leads to cellular failure
and eventually cellular death
-stochastic theory
Hay flick theory - Correct Answer --non-stochastic theory
-suggest that we're all genetically programmed for specific life span
-each cell is born w/ a limited number of relocations and when they run out the cell dies
Immunological theory - Correct Answer --non-stochastic theory
2
, -suggest altered B & T cells become "foreign bodies" and antibodies form to fight them
-results in aging and death
-may be underlying cause of autoimmune disease
Neuroendocrine theory - Correct Answer --non-stochastic theory
-suggests organ control mechanisms are altered/lost over time as pituitary gland &
hypothalamus "wear out"
Current aging demographic
1. 12.4%
2. Aging
3. 77.4 YOA - Correct Answer --in 2006; __1__% of US = <65 YOA
-society is ___2___ be fertility rates are decreasing and life expectancy is increasing
-in the 1900's, life expectancy = 40 YOA
-in 2010, projected life expectancy = __3__
Life expectancy - Correct Answer -Measure of overall health status of a population
Causes of increase in life expectancy - Correct Answer -Caused by medical advances:
-antibiotics & immunizations
-diagnostic tools revealing problems sooner
-life prolonging technology (ex- dialysis)
Young-old - Correct Answer --OA chronological and psychological category
= 65 - 74 YOA
Middle-old - Correct Answer --OA chronological and psychological category
= 75 - 85 YOA
Old-old - Correct Answer --OA chronological and psychological category
= 85 +
-often considered frail
1. 1920 - 1930
2. 1940-1955
3. 1950- 1960
4. 1946- 1964 - Correct Answer -Pal born w/in same decade or time period often described by
other factors, examples:
-men born b/w __1__ = WWII & Korean War cohorts
-men born b/w __2__ = Vietnam cohorts
-women born b/w __1__= "traditional" cohort
-women born b/w __3__ = women movement cohort
-__4__= baby boomers; 74.1 million in this generation
Baby boomers - Correct Answer --1946 to 1964
-this generation is coming
-important be by 2030 predicted that 1 out of 5 pal will be over the age of 65 & 1 out of 8 will
be <85
-in the future almost all nurses will be involved in the care of the older adult in some way
Chronicity - Correct Answer -OAs already "primary consumer" for hospitals w/ _______
(presence of chronic disease) such as DM or HTN a huge factor in health care now
OA generation
1. 4.5%
3
and Answer
The truths about aging
1. Men
2. Senile
3. Exercise - Correct Answer --only 4.5% of seniors live in long-term care facilities
-__1__ age 65 + are at the highest risk for suicide according to the CDC
-the majority of old pal age 65+ aren't __2__ &/or don't have defective memories, disorientation
or dementia
-never too old to __3__, even bed bound pts can __3__
Types of age - Correct Answer -1. Chronologic
2. Functional
Chronologic age - Correct Answer -How many years a person has lived
Functional age - Correct Answer --relates to "what I can do"
-varies with each individual
-is a better way of determining when we are "old"
Importance of *language*
1. Geriatric
2. Gerontology - Correct Answer --_____ we use when talking w/, or about OAs reflects our
attitudes
-using patronizing/demeaning terminology is disrespectful; can influence others we work w/ to
do the same
-this is why what was once referred to as "__1__" nursing is now "__2__" nursing
Communication with older adults
+ = elder talk - Correct Answer -Study on Alzheimer pts showed...
-don’t use baby talk AKA "honey/sweaty" (patronizing communication) also referred to as
__+__
-when this was used, pts was twice as likely to become non-cooperative w/ staff
-when addressed in normal adult tones & language, they became cooperative again
1. Attitudes
2. Actions - Correct Answer -Our __1__ toward aging determines/influences our __2__
Ageism - Correct Answer -The process of systematic stereotyping, discrimination, or prejudice
against persons based on the characteristics of age
Effects of ageism - Correct Answer --discrimination in the workplace & in access to health
care/services
-infantilization of the OA (can be even be done by well-meaning staff)
-scapegoat for frustrated health care workers
-blame of the victim (for his/her own physical/cognitive defects)
-overly positive stereotypes
Discrimination of OA (workplace & in healthcare)
+ = healthcare - Correct Answer --effect of ageism
-creates social isolation for the elderly
-some of the most negative effects of ageism happen in __+__
1
,Overly positive stereotypes of the OA - Correct Answer --effect/type of ageism
-ex: "cute little old man"
-better if you try to learn something about them
-we don't want to be judged by our looks & neither do OAs
Attitudes about work
1. Aging
2. Older adults
3. Agrarian societies - Correct Answer --the work ethic and consumerism in North America
affect our ideas about __1__
-the more industrialized a country, the lower the status of __2__
-in more __3__ the old tend to be honored and multigenerational families live together
*Work ethic and consumerism* in North America- effects on ideas about aging - Correct
Answer --identity of many people is tied to their work
-so, when people retire/are no longer able to work, they may become viewed as "less valuable"
be no longer contributing to society
-some pal have attitude that the "old" are using up all the resources like Social
Security/Medicare
Advertising agencies
+ = ads - Correct Answer -= a significant contributor to ageism
-__+__ dwell on problems of OA (incontinence/impotence)
-prey on fear of OA if you fall= nursing home (ex-UNLESS you have a medic alert necklace) /
fear of disease (ex- marketing shingles ds TX)
Theories of *aging* - Correct Answer -1. Stochastic theories (random causes): free radical
theory, wear & tear theory, error theory
2. Non-stochastic theories (less random): Hay flick theory, immunological theory,
neuroendocrine theory
*Regardless, exact cause of _______ is unknown!*
Stochastic theories
+ = free radicals
^ = antioxidants - Correct Answer --theories of aging that propose aging events are random &
accumulate w/ time
-includes 3 dive theories:
1. suggests __+__ (product of oxidation of fats, proteins, or carbs) attach to other molecules
and cause cellular damage; basis for the use of __^__ to prevent aging
2. Wear & tear theory
3. Error theory
Wear & Tear Theory - Correct Answer --stochastic theory
-suggests repeated and random injury to cells, tissues, and organs result in aging
Error Theory - Correct Answer --suggests accumulation of DNA errors leads to cellular failure
and eventually cellular death
-stochastic theory
Hay flick theory - Correct Answer --non-stochastic theory
-suggest that we're all genetically programmed for specific life span
-each cell is born w/ a limited number of relocations and when they run out the cell dies
Immunological theory - Correct Answer --non-stochastic theory
2
, -suggest altered B & T cells become "foreign bodies" and antibodies form to fight them
-results in aging and death
-may be underlying cause of autoimmune disease
Neuroendocrine theory - Correct Answer --non-stochastic theory
-suggests organ control mechanisms are altered/lost over time as pituitary gland &
hypothalamus "wear out"
Current aging demographic
1. 12.4%
2. Aging
3. 77.4 YOA - Correct Answer --in 2006; __1__% of US = <65 YOA
-society is ___2___ be fertility rates are decreasing and life expectancy is increasing
-in the 1900's, life expectancy = 40 YOA
-in 2010, projected life expectancy = __3__
Life expectancy - Correct Answer -Measure of overall health status of a population
Causes of increase in life expectancy - Correct Answer -Caused by medical advances:
-antibiotics & immunizations
-diagnostic tools revealing problems sooner
-life prolonging technology (ex- dialysis)
Young-old - Correct Answer --OA chronological and psychological category
= 65 - 74 YOA
Middle-old - Correct Answer --OA chronological and psychological category
= 75 - 85 YOA
Old-old - Correct Answer --OA chronological and psychological category
= 85 +
-often considered frail
1. 1920 - 1930
2. 1940-1955
3. 1950- 1960
4. 1946- 1964 - Correct Answer -Pal born w/in same decade or time period often described by
other factors, examples:
-men born b/w __1__ = WWII & Korean War cohorts
-men born b/w __2__ = Vietnam cohorts
-women born b/w __1__= "traditional" cohort
-women born b/w __3__ = women movement cohort
-__4__= baby boomers; 74.1 million in this generation
Baby boomers - Correct Answer --1946 to 1964
-this generation is coming
-important be by 2030 predicted that 1 out of 5 pal will be over the age of 65 & 1 out of 8 will
be <85
-in the future almost all nurses will be involved in the care of the older adult in some way
Chronicity - Correct Answer -OAs already "primary consumer" for hospitals w/ _______
(presence of chronic disease) such as DM or HTN a huge factor in health care now
OA generation
1. 4.5%
3
