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Structure - the arrangement of and relations among the parts of elements of something complex Status - a socially defined position that an individual occupies Ascribed status - given, involuntary Ex. Age, sex, race Achieved status - chosen, voluntary Ex. Parent, student Role - set of expectations and behaviors associated with a status Role ambiguity - when the roles associated with a particular status becomes unclear Ex. Role of step-parent Group - a number of people ...

The idea that a change in one factor results in a corresponding change in another factor - Causality What three factors are needed to prove causation? - Correlation, time order, and alternative explanations This exists when there is simultaneous variation in variables, such as when education goes up, income also goes up - Correlation Logical explanations / ways of explaining things - Alternative explanations Explanations that are false such as saying "when ice cream sales go u...

August Comte - Father of Sociology Functionalist Perspective - a sociological approach that emphasizes the way in which the parts of a society are structured to maintain its stability Conflict Perspective - tension between groups over power and resources Interactionist Perspective - how everyday interaction explains society as a whole, construction of meaning. Operational Definition - Narrowing down the variable to specific attributes to measurement Random sample - statistic...

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Point shooting - a technique used when a shooter cannot use the sights on the weapon or he or she has no time to align the sight properly; the firearm is viewed as an extension of the arm and pointed at the target Positional asphyxia - a type of asphyxia that happens when the position of a person's body interferes with their ability to breathe. Posting - supporting the balance of the body using a limb Pressure point - techniques used to control resistant behavior by using pain co...

What sense do officers use the most? - Sight What is NCIC and what does it do? - National Crime Information Center. The system contains information from records of stolen, abandoned, and recovered property and wanted and missing person files for all 50 states, Canada, the U.S. Virgin Islands, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia What are the advantages and disadvantages of vehicle patrol? - Advantages: Permits the coverage of larger areas Disadvantages: Isola...

An officer must gather and analyze information to understand a situation before proceeding. - Understanding True survival readiness involves _____________? - Practical preparedness, firearm proficiency and first aid skills Factors that depend on an individual's likes or dislikes. - Personal Stressors Which statement is most accurate? - While patrolling on foot during the day, officers should use sidewalks in order to be high visible and observe surrounding more efficiently. At ni...

The State must prove the following elements to convict a suspect of what? 1. The offender entered and/or remained in a structure or conveyance owned by or in the possession of The victim. 2. The offender did not have the permission or consent of the victim, or anyone authorized to act for the Victim, to enter and/or remain in the structure or conveyance at the time. 3. At the time of entering and/or remaining in the structure or conveyance, the offender had a fully Formed, conscious intent...

Tort - A civil wrong in which action or inaction of an officer or entity violates the rights of another person. Negligence - Failure to use due or reasonable care, in a situation, where an officer has a duty to act, that results in harm to another. Elements of Negligence - Duty to act with care, Breach of duty to act, and proof that the breech caused damages, and actual damages resulted. Damages - Compensatory damages and punitive damages awarded by the courts. Compensatory Damag...

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