FREEMANSHARP

PRAXIS COMPREHENSIVE PACKAGE DEAL 2023/24 ALL FULLY SOLVED

What are some examples of cultural norms that affect communication? Gender, age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, education Why is it important for language learners to also learn the cultural norms associated with a language? ...It's important so that ELL can function and contribute to the dominant culture without fear of alienation or exclusion. To avoid isolation within their own culture. How do cultures vary in terms of norms concerning eye contact? Some cultures expect dir...

Constructivist teaching is based on the belief that learning occurs as learners are actively involved in a process of meaning and knowledge construction as opposed to passively receiving information. Learners are the makers of meaning and knowledge. Negative Transfer Which occurs when speakers and writers transfer items and structures that are not the same in both languages. In English, a verb that expresses a state of being (e.g., "I am") is used to indicate the age of a person, wher...

direct/natural method - method of language instruction - based on the principle that L2s should be acquired in much the same way as L1s - skills are slowly developed as students acquire targeted vocab through repeated exposure to authentic language usage, supported by pictures, objects, & pantomime - oral language skills are emphasized, but students are not required to speak; instead, teachers provide students with materials to create a stress-free learning environment - proponents of this ...

Direct (or natural) method Second languages should be acquired in the same way as first languages. Oral language (input not just output) is emphasized. No focus on grammar structure Induction Learn grammar through imitation and trial/error Grammar-translation method Intended for foreign language literature. No emphasis on speaking/listening Audio-lingual method (ALM) Oral-based approach that uses repetitive exercises to teach grammatical structural patterns, vocab, key p...

Acronyms to Know for ESOL Praxis Test with complete solutions

Direct (or natural) method Second languages should be acquired in the same way as first languages. Oral language (input not just output) is emphasized. No focus on grammar structure Induction Learn grammar through imitation and trial/error Grammar-translation method Intended for foreign language literature. No emphasis on speaking/listening Audio-lingual method (ALM) Oral-based approach that uses repetitive exercises to teach grammatical structural patterns, vocab, key p...

Universal Grammar Chomsky-no dialect or language is more complex or sophisticated than the other. We are all born with the capacity to learn any language w/o formal instruction LAD Language Aquisition Device Generative Grammar set of rules that could be used to produce language Deep Structure our ideas, what we mean-derive meaning from social context Surface Structure what we say or write-literal meaning of words Natural Order Hypothesis Krashen- grammati...

direct/natural method - method of language instruction - based on the principle that L2s should be acquired in much the same way as L1s - skills are slowly developed as students acquire targeted vocab through repeated exposure to authentic language usage, supported by pictures, objects, & pantomime - oral language skills are emphasized, but students are not required to speak; instead, teachers provide students with materials to create a stress-free learning environment - proponents of this ...

I'm Nola. I go a new york and philadelfia de las vacation. My familia is happy and I am happy. My hermana is happy and my tio like see my familia. Q1. This writing example is characterized by which of the following? (A)Acculturation (B) Code-switching (C) Circumlocution (D) Ethnocentrism (B) Code-switching The three most important people in my life are my mom, my dad, and my sister. My mom is important to me because she always understand me and she always help me. My dad is importa...

ESOl Praxis Study Set fully solved 2023

LEP Limited English Proficiency TESOL Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages ESOL English to Speakers of Other Languages ESL English as a Second Language (the class) ELL English Language Learner EFL English as a Foreign Language TEFL Teachers of English as Foreign Language NABE National Association of Bilingual Education CLD Culturally and Linguistically DIverse ESP English for Special Purposes (research, travel...

Universal Grammar Chomsky-no dialect or language is more complex or sophisticated than the other. We are all born with the capacity to learn any language w/o formal instruction LAD Language Aquisition Device Generative Grammar set of rules that could be used to produce language Deep Structure our ideas, what we mean-derive meaning from social context Surface Structure what we say or write-literal meaning of words Natural Order Hypothesis Krashen- grammati...

Phonology study of the sound system of a language Digraphs when 2 letters make 1 sound (ex: sh, ea, ch, th) Allphones when sounds are similar, but not exact (ex: sam, cat, sat, ham) Phonetics a universal coding system used to describe variations like "nasal" and "aspiration". Also references organs of speech- tongue, lips etc. IPA International phonetic alphabet Articulation clarity of speech, where things are pronounced in the mouth. stop soun...

Which of the following is a clause? A.After several meetings about the situation B.Although she cannot be there on Monday C.In addition to his academic record D.The next speaker on the agenda B.Although she cannot be there on Monday Option (B) is correct. A clause is a segment of a sentence that consists of a subject and a predicate. This example is a subordinate clause. Makoto, a high school ELLE L L, was in the school hallway speaking to his peers using an informal reg...

i: close (high) front unrounded vowel (meet) ɪ near-close (high) near-front unrounded vowel (bit) u: close (high) back rounded vowel (boot) ʊ near-close (high) near-back rounded vowel (book) ɛ open(low)/mid front unrounded vowel (bed) e close(high)-mid front unrounded vowel (play) (similar to diphthong eɪ) ə mid central vowel (schwa) (the) ɔ: open(low)-mid back rounded vowel (talk, thOUGHt, aw) æ near-open(low) front unround...

Traditional Linguistics Perspective approach to grammar that emphasized correct speech should be used and that language rules are highest importance Applied Linguistics Type of linguistics that identifies and offers solutions to language problems. Structural Linguistics Popular between 1930 and 1960; founded by Bloomfield; emphasizes concrete linguistic data and organizing data into certain levels Contrastive Linguistics Type of linguistics that emphasizes difference bet...

Inter-language Strategy used by second language learner to compensate for lack of proficiency. the learners' language system is neither that of his mother tongue nor that of the second language, but contains elements of both. errors need to be seen as evidence of the learner's developing system. Overgeneralization Inter language strategy- attempts to apply a rule across the board w/o regard for exceptions. Bended vs bent. Simplification L2 learner uses resources that require l...

Clause A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb, but cannot stand by itself. Back Channeling The feedback which a listener gives to a speaker to show that (s)he is following, or understands what the speaker is saying. Convergence when languages come to structurally resemble one another as a result of prolonged language contact and mutual interference Self Repair The process by which a speaker recognizes a speech error and repeats what has been said with...

ESL Praxis 5362 questions and answers