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Global health - Answer integrated, collaborative global effort to control health threats based on action Key milestones of global health - Answer - Int. Conference on Primary HC: meeting to define reference of hlth promotion - Smallpox: eradication program est. and eradicated in 1979 - Polio eradication Burden of disease - Answer adverse impact of a condition on a population; mzrd w hlth metrics and econ. indicators - hlth metrics provide evidence for policy/funding Vital st...

How is infant mortality a health disparity? - Answer Non-Hispanic black, American Indian, and Puerto Rican infants have higher death rates than white infants. Black to white ratio was 2.2 What is a health disparity? - Answer A particular type of health difference that is closely linked with social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage. Populations that experience health disparities systematically experience worse health or greater health risks than more advantaged social group...

What is the objective of environmental health? - Answer as a sub-field of public health, environmental health has as its objective the prevention of diseases of environmental origin What is the aim of environmental health services? - Answer - to protect and enhance environmental quality for all people, so that overall health is preserved or improved - no small task, particularly given the significance of the environment in negative health outcomes WHO estimates that ___ million pe...

Trends in International Health: - Answer - Model: intergovernmental, reconstruction - Focus: peace; economic and political stability - Theme: international cooperation - Agents: American and European governments - Events: Bretton Woods, United Nations, WHO World Health Organization (WHO) - Answer - UN general assembly 1946: "To call for an international conference to consider the scope of, and the appropriate machinery for, international action in the field of public h...

True or False: Public health is all of us working together to make sure our communities are safe, prevent disease and injury, and give everyone the opportunity for good health - Answer True True or False: The "Improving the average" approach focuses on the entire population and aims to reduce the risk for everyone - Answer True What are the domains of health? - Answer Physical well-being Mental well-being Social well-being Health Protection - Answer Authority-based c...

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Public Health Definition - Answer The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private communities, and individuals James Lind - Answer 1st clinical trial Scurvy Disease prevention John Snow - Answer Traced cholera outbreak Ignaz Semmelweis - Answer Hand washing Peripheral fever remedy Public Health Focuses - Answer Population focus - prevent...

epidemiology - Answer according to Charles-Edward Amory Winslow, this is the "diagnostic discipline of public health" epidemiologic methods - Answer what are used to: -investigate the causes of diseases -identify trends in disease occurrence that may influence the need for medical and public health services -evaluate the effectiveness of medical and public health interventions epidemiology - Answer studies the patterns of disease occurrence in human populations and the f...

AMA - Answer - Mid 1800s - Standards of care were initiated - Argued against national health insurance in 1900s Civil War - Answer Catalyzed growth and evolution of hospitals - previously reserved for mentally ill or destitute ill Hill-Burton Act - Answer - 1947 - Funded hospital and other health care facility construction Prepaid Hospital Service Plan - Answer - 1929 -Became model for Blue Cross Blue Shield Funding and Structure - Answer - Private expenditures:...

Epidemiology can be defined as... - Answer the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events and the application of this study to the control of these problems in Greek roots: "the study of that which is upon the people" What is today's definition of epidemiology? - Answer a branch of medicine/or the science of public health that is concerned with the causes, distribution, and control of disease within a certain population What are the obje...

What is epidemiology - Answer The study of the distribution and determinants of disease frequency in human populations. It is also known as the diagnostic discipline of public health and performs the "assessment function" What questions do epidemiologists ask to determine why a disease is occuring - Answer Who, when, and where did people get the disease. What is biostatistics - Answer Set of concepts and methods used to analyze data in order to extract information. Translate...

What were the primary concern and causes of death in the early 20th century? - Answer Infectious diseases In what three ways were public health professionals preventing death and disability? - Answer -Breaking the chain of infection -Removing etiologic agents (bacteria, virus, parasites) from environment (water, food) -Developing vaccines and immunizations What became the biggest cause of death and disability in the 21st century? - Answer Chronic disease What was the focus on...

Criteria Air Pollutants in Clean Air Act - Answer - carbon monoxide - lead - nitrogen oxides - ozone - particulate matter - sulfur dioxide what are pollutants a result of - Answer combustion carbon monoxide - Answer - produced from motor vehicle exhaust - interferes with Oxygen carrying capacity in blood - causes headaches and mental processes impairment - decreased by 84% from ---- means new regulations and tech working Lead - Answer - air pollution - damages ner...

Who defined public health as "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting physical health and efficiency through organized community efforts for the sanitation of the environment, the control of community infections, the education of the individual in principles of personal hygiene, the organization of medical and nursing services for the early diagnosis and preventive treatment of disease, and the development of the social machinery which will ensure to every in...

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First Law of Thermodynamics - Answer energy can neither be created nor destroyed, it can only be transformed or redistributed. Total energy in universe remains constant Second Law of Thermodynamics - Answer entropy (disorder) in the universe is constantly increasing What "life obeys laws of thermodynamic" means? - Answer life is able to exist bc it uses energy from the environment and releases heat, thereby increasing disorder of universe Standard reduction potential (E...

The process of forming a cross wall between two daughter cells during the bacterial cell cycle is called - Answer CYTOKINESIS The collective process of the cytoplasm being divided into the daughter cells is called - Answer cytokinesis Bacteria and archaea mainly reproduce by - Answer binary fission One role of the cell wall in bacteria is to protect cells from bursting due to excessive - Answer turgor pressure The complete sequence of events extending from formation of a ...

What is the role of microbes in maintaining temperature on earth? (Role of microbes in CO2 and CH4 recycling) - Answer - Without the help of microbes to break down organic materials, the progress of life on Earth would be constrained by the fixed amount of materials available to produce biomass - Impact on atmospheric CO2 and CH4 levels, which impacts global climate change - These greenhouse gases accumulate in the atmosphere, forming a "blanket" that traps heat - The Earth would be ...

The primer used in Sanger sequencing _________. - Answer has a nucleotide sequence complementary to the 3' end of the region to be copied To carry out Sanger sequencing a mixture is needed containing _________. - Answer single-stranded DNA, DNA polymerase, complementary DNA primer, and four deoxyribonucleotides A,T,C,G In DNA sequencing. When a dideoxyribonucleotide is added to the daughter strand, replication of the strand ________. - Answer stops To sequence DNA by the San...

metabolism - Answer the sum total of all the chemical reactions that occur within a cell catabolic pathway - Answer breaking down complex organic molecules into their smaller subcomponents which type of reactions are catabolic? - Answer hydrolysis reactions catabolic reactions are ________________________ - Answer energy conserving reactions that provide a ready source of reducing power (electrons) anabolic reactions - Answer the synthesis of complex molecules from the...