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Which of the following medication are considered First Line for Osteoarthritis? A. NSAIDs B. Proton pump inhibitors C. Acetaminophen D. Opioids E. Intra-articular steroids (Ans - A. NSAIDs Why may PPIs need to be added to a patient regimen for osteoarthritis? (Ans - The used of NSAIDS as first line treatment may cause GI complications like ulcers, PPI can help protect the lining of the GI What is the GOLD STANDARD diagnostic for Osteoporosis? (Ans - DEXA scan Why would we do a DEXA ...

What are some characteristics of a tension headache? (Ans – bilateral location, no n/v, no photophobia or phonophobia, not pulsating, not aggravated by activity, dull vice like pressure around the head. Muscle tightness will accompany these What are risk factors for tension headaches? (Ans – stress, anxiety, depression, alcohol What are the abortive medications for tension headache? (Ans – NSAIDs, butalbital butalbital can cause overuse headache if used more than 2x/week What m...

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Which of the following would be excluded from 2019 GDP? The sale of a. a 2019 Honda made in Tennessee. b. a haircut. c. a realtor's services. d. a home built in 2018 and first sold in 2019. e. All of the above should be counted in 2019 GDP. (Ans- d. a home built in 2018 and first sold in 2019. Gross domestic product can be measured as the sum of a. final goods and services, intermediate goods, transfer payments, and rent. b. consumption, transfer payments, wages, and profits. c. co...

What is something that is useful for growth in both poor and rich countries? (Ans- Increase in TFP growth Poor countries grow primarily due to TFP growth. (T/F) (Ans- False Countries with high tax rates typically have generous social insurance. (T/F) (Ans- True When taxes are cut, what typically happens to the deficit and debt? (Ans- They both increase After tax cuts, total tax revenue often rises. Which of the following is NOT a reason why this occurs? (Ans- The tax cuts themselves ...

What are Investment expenditures? (Ans- Firm purchases of capital goods and inventory. What does GDP include? (Ans- Government purchases of equipment used to build roads. What measure of GDP is adjusted for changing prices? (Ans- Real GDP What is the Real Interest Rate? (Ans- The nominal interest rate minus the inflation rate. The inflation rate is measured as (Ans- The percent change in a price index from one year to the next. What is true about the CPI? (Ans- The goods included in t...

Which of the following best describes scarce resources? (Ans- resources for which the quantity that people want exceeds the quantity that is freely available Economic reasoning implies that economic agents will make decisions: (Ans- by comparing the costs and benefits of various options Which of following statements correctly highlights the difference between micro and macro (Ans- micro deals with small parts of the economy, whereas macro deals with aggregate economic performance Which ...

What two things must be true if total spending rises from one year to the nest? (Ans- 1. the economy is producing a larger output of goods and services 2. goods and services are being sold at higher prices Sally drives an automobile she purchased several years ago. This year she bought gasoline and some parts and spent five hours making repairs. Which of the following is included in this year's GDP? (Ans- *GDP including the purchase of final goods and services, but not the unpaid va...

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Which of the following is not a true statement with respect to confidentiality of the child or adolescent client? (Ans- A. The PMHNP should not be concerned with consent for disclosure when child abuse or maltreatment has occurred. B. In 1979, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) stated that children 12 years of age or older can give consent for disclosure. C. The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP) Code of Ethics states that consent is not required for disc...

A school system agrees that a student with a reading disability needs specialized reading instruction due to her disability and suggests her parents hire a reading tutor to address her reading needs. Which important student right has been violated? (Ans- FAPE What is a reason why has FAPE been violated (Ans- Private reading tutoring may or may not, by itself, be an appropriate way to address the student's disability. Under FAPE, though, the student's family cannot be required to pa...

Production Possibilities Frontier (PPF) (Ans- a graph showing the alternate outputs an economy can produce using its available technology and factors of production (scarce resources) Law of Increasing Opportunity Cost (Ans- as you produce more of a good, the opportunity cost will increases resulting in a bowed PPF curve Shift the PPF Curve (Ans- -Change in quantity or quality of resources -Change in technology Points inside the PPF Curve (Ans- are inefficient or show unemploy...

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Which of the following serve as the first line of defense against microorganisms, acting as phagocytes? A. Granulocytes B. Neutrophils C. Basophils D. Eosinophils (Ans- B. Neutrophils The trachea branches into the right and left mainstream bronchi at the: A. Cricoid B. Apex of the pleural cavity C. Apex of the diaphragm D. Carina (Ans- D. Carina Nephrolithiasis is: A. Kidney stones B. Always going to result in some degree of damage to the urinary tract C. All of these D. Masses ...

what med is first given in hypertensive urgency (Ans- clonidine anticholinergics for copd (Ans- reduce mucus production, inhibit vagal stimulation, prevent smooth muscle contraction in airway. Spiriva, ipratropium non-rebreather vs venturi mask (Ans- non-rebreather is first choice for COPD in emergency, but has risk of CO2 retention. venti is higher flow, used when provider has concern about co2 retention when do you see petechiae over the chest and arms (Ans- fat embolus when does a...

Isotonic Solutions (Ans- Volume expander- cell stays same size NS, LR Hypertonic Solutions (AnsCells Shrink- fluid leaves cell and goes to vascular space Correctional fluid D5LR D5NS Traumas, surgeries Never for dehydrated its Hypotonic Solutions (AnsCell Swells Dehydrated pts 1/2 NS or 1/4 NSGallbladder location (Ans- RUQ Appendix location (Ans- RLQ Stomach location (Ans- LUQ Bowel pain location (Ans- LLQ GERD Symptoms (AnsDyspepsia Heartburn Hoarse voiceGERD Dx (Ans- Ba...

A patient's wife is visibly upset and says to the nurse, "I thought my husband only broke his hip, but the doctor thinks he might have had a stroke." Which of the following would be an appropriate response by the nurse? 1) "It's really too early to be concerned about that. Let's wait until the test results come back." 2) "If it is a stroke, your husband is in the right hospital for treatment." 3) "Yes, he does have symptoms of a stroke. That's what the tes...

Which condition of the small intestine can be misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis? (Ans- Merkel's diverticulum What is a combination of two liquids which can not mix (Ans- Emulsion What anatomical structure must be approximated after a colectomy to prevent herniation of abdominal contents (Ans- Mesentery Instrument sets should not exceed (Ans- 25 lbs The ureters enter the bladder medially (Ans- From the posterior aspect What nerve can be damaged when a patient is in fowler's pos...

A patient admitted with an abscess in her left thigh undergoes incision and drainage. 3 days later, she develops fever (temperature of 103°F), chills, lethargy, and shortness of breath. Infectious endocarditis is suspected. In addition to blood cultures, the nurse would expect which of these tests? A. Transesophageal echocardiogram B. Computed tomography of the chest C. Cardiac stress test D. Cardiac enzymes (Ans- A. Echocardiogram to visualize cardiac structures. Which of the follow...

A patient comes in complaining of loss of peripheral vision. You test their vision and find that their visual acuity has decreased. What is the next thing you would do as far as diagnostics? (Ans- Use Tonometer to measure IOP What is seen on the funduscopic exam of someone with glaucoma? (AnsCupping of the optic disc Cup to disc ration > 0.3 What is the diagnostic tool used to diagnose Glaucoma? (AnsTonometer Corneal inspection Optic nerve inspection Visual field testing Which int...