What is preload Study guides, Class notes & Summaries
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![FCCN level 1 Exam With Complete Solutions.](/docpics/6380e4e06a7f5_2133159.jpg)
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FCCN level 1 Exam With Complete Solutions.
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minimum urine output for adult 
0.5mL/kg/hr 
 
 
 
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) 
- water retainer 
- vasoconstrictor (also called Vasopressin) 
- produced by hypothalamus 
- store and released from posterior pituitary 
 
 
 
ADH pathway 
- hypothalamus senses low blood volumed and increased serum osmolality 
 
- signal pituitary to release ADH 
 
- ADH causes kidney to retain water 
 
- water retention increases blood volume and decreases serum osmolality 
 
 
 
ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) 
-...
![BKAT Critical Care Review (2022/2023) Rated A+](/docpics/2881306/6484fcf3e3ece_2881306_121_171.jpeg)
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BKAT Critical Care Review (2022/2023) Rated A+
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BKAT Critical Care Review (2022/2023) Rated A+ Normal Central Venous Pressure (CVP) range 2-8 mmHg 
Normal Pulmonary Artery Occlusion Pressure (PAOP) range 6-12 mmHg 
Normal Pulmonary Artery Systolic (PAS) range 20-30 mmHg 
Normal Pulmonary Artery Diastolic (PAD) range 5-15 mmHg 
Normal Pulmonary Artery Mean (PAM) 11-20 mmHg 
Normal Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) range 800-1200 mmHg 
Preload volume left in the left ventricle at the end of diastole 
What is preload affected by? venous return ...
![Glowacki & Sommers (RCIS Questions) 309 QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS| 55 PAGES](/docpics/63e4a1f482f4a_2352293.jpg)
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Glowacki & Sommers (RCIS Questions) 309 QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS| 55 PAGES
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Stroke Volume (SV) is? 
 
a. related to preload 
b. related to afterload 
c. the same as ejection fraction CORRECT ANSWERS: a. related to preload 
 
Preload is most impacted by? 
 
a. mean arterial pressure 
b. increased filling volumes 
c. ejection fraction CORRECT ANSWERS: b. increased filling volumes 
 
A patient with chronic untreated hypertension would demonstrate? 
 
a. increased afterload 
b. decreased aferload 
c. decreased preload CORRECT ANSWERS: a. Increased afterload 
 
Vascular r...
![Galen NUR 242 Exam 4 - Cardiovascular](/docpics/3969605/656fa16e9407a_3969605_121_171.jpeg)
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Galen NUR 242 Exam 4 - Cardiovascular
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What is the equation for cardiac output? - CO = HR x SV 
What is preload? - the heart is being stretched out 
What does preload reflect? - how much fluid is in the heart 
What is afterload? - resistance the ventricle must overcome to eject blood 
Example of increased preload - CHF 
Example of increased afterload - hypertension 
What is blood pressure? - force of blood against vessel walls 
What is systolic blood pressure? - amount of pressure generated by the left 
ventricle to distribute blood ...
![BKAT Exam (verified Answers) Graded A+ 2023.](/docpics/64091195977c0_2451716.jpg)
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BKAT Exam (verified Answers) Graded A+ 2023.
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BKAT Exam (verified Answers) Graded A+ 2023. 
What to do first if patient has chest pain. - correct answer Rest! 
ECG changes in an acute MI - correct answer ST elevation in 2 or more contiguous 
leads. Ischemia d/t full thickness loss of muscle. EMERGENCY. 
Inferior leads - correct answer II, III, aVF. RCA occlusion. 
Septal leads - correct answer V1 & V2. 
Anterior leads - correct answer V1 - V4. LAD lesion. 
Lateral leads - correct answer V5, V6, I, and aVL. Circumflex lesion. 
Cardiac enzyme...
![MSN 570 Advance Patho Midterm Study Guide QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS| GRADED A](/docpics/6368c595da74a_2086913.jpg)
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MSN 570 Advance Patho Midterm Study Guide QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS| GRADED A
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how does inflammatory process contribute to reperfussion injury? Correct Answer: as oxygen is reintroduced it comes in contact with damaged proteins triggering inflammatory response 
 
how does oxidative process contribute to RI? Correct Answer: RAS causes impairment of cell membrane and pro-apotptoic cells release. making cell unstable 
 
what is primary Hypertension? Correct Answer: Essential or idiopathic, elevated BP without an identified cause, accounts for 90 - 95% of all cases of hyper...
![RCIS Practice Test| 197 QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS](/docpics/63e48559be989_2352022.jpg)
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RCIS Practice Test| 197 QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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What is the formula for calculating cardiac output? CORRECT ANSWERS: CO= HR x SV 
 
What is stroke volume related to? CORRECT ANSWERS: preload 
 
Preload is most impacted by..... CORRECT ANSWERS: Increased filling volumes 
 
A patient with chronic untreated hypertension would demonstrate.... CORRECT ANSWERS: Increased afterload 
 
Vascular resistance/pressure is most influenced by.... CORRECT ANSWERS: Radius of the vessel 
 
The formula for BP is.... CORRECT ANSWERS: BP = CO x SVR 
 
What ...
![BKAT Critical Care Review exam 2023 with 100% correct answers](/docpics/63cd65d05ab34_2286375.jpg)
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BKAT Critical Care Review exam 2023 with 100% correct answers
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Normal Central Venous Pressure (CVP) range 
2-8 mmHg 
 
 
 
Normal Pulmonary Artery Occlusion Pressure (PAOP) range 
6-12 mmHg 
 
 
 
Normal Pulmonary Artery Systolic (PAS) range 
20-30 mmHg 
 
 
 
Normal Pulmonary Artery Diastolic (PAD) range 
5-15 mmHg 
 
 
 
Normal Pulmonary Artery Mean (PAM) 
11-20 mmHg 
 
 
 
Normal Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) range 
800-1200 mmHg 
 
 
 
Preload 
volume left in the left ventricle at the end of diastole 
 
 
 
What is preload affected by? 
venous retu...
![MED SURG 3 480 ATI Adv. Med-surg FINAL EXAM Complete test](/docpics/64384893a08a3_2592139.jpg)
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MED SURG 3 480 ATI Adv. Med-surg FINAL EXAM Complete test
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ATI Adv. Med-surg FINAL EXAM 
 
1.	A nurse in a burn treatment center is caring for a client who is admitted with severe burns to both lower extremities and is pending an escharotomy. The client’s spouse asks the nurse what the procedure entails. Which of the following 
nursing statements is appropriate? 
 
a.	“large incisions will be made in the eschar to improve circulation” 
b.	“ I can call the doctor back here if you want me to” 
c.	“a piece of skin will be removed and grafted ov...
![Nurs 316 Final Review Unit 6 Questions With Complete Solutions.](/docpics/3312214/64e866dcc92f0_3312214_121_171.jpeg)
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Nurs 316 Final Review Unit 6 Questions With Complete Solutions.
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While studying the antihypertensive drugs the, nursing students learn about the pressure in the cardiovascular system is determined by three elements. What are they? Select all that apply. 
 
A) Heart rate 
B) Stroke volume 
C) Preload 
D) Total peripheral resistance 
E) Pulse pressure correct answer: A) Heart rate 
B) Stroke volume 
D) Total peripheral resistance 
 
The nurse is providing patient teaching to a patient who has been prescribed Digoxin. The patient tells the nurse that she ...
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