Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

When beginning a counseling relationship, you are ethically required to Inform the patient of the limits of confidentiality As you begin a counseling relationship, it is important to jointly decide, between patient and counselor, how the counseling process will proceed A client arrives for counseling with the presenting complaint of relationship difficulties. She goes on to describe that she has had multiple abortions, and seems to use abortion as a birth control method. You are personally...

quasi-experiment - Answer- uses preexisting groups, the IV cannot be altered and you cannot state with any degree of statistical confidence that IV caused the DV Experimental research - Answer- process of gathering data in order to make evaluative comparisons regarding different situations, it must have treatment controlled via the experimenter and random assignments internal validity - Answer- extent to which we can draw cause-and-effect inferences from a study. Was the DV truly influence...

Kohlberg's theory of moral development includes 3 progressive levels culminating in... A. self-actualization, wherein the individual is fully humanistic. B. principled thought, wherein the individual adopts a self- accepted set of standards of behavior. C. androgyny, wherein the individual exhibits both male and female stereotypic behaviors. D. personhood, wherein the individual is free from moral dilemmas. B A professional counselor determines fees for monthly consultation services on a j...

Empirically validated Treatment or Empirically Supported treatment When counselors do integrate research into practice. Correlation Correlation is simply an association. It is not the same as causality. The correlation between people who have an umbrella open and rain is very high, but opening your umbrella does not cause it to rain. Three types of correlations Go from negative 1 to 0 to positive 1. Zero means no correlation while positive 1 and negative 1 are perfect correlations. A negat...

Measurement General process of determining the dimensions of an attribute or trait. Assessment Processes and procedures for collecting information about human behavior. Assessment tools include tests and inventories, rating scales, observation, interview data and other techniques. Appraisal Appraisal implies going beyond measurement to making judgments about human attributes and behaviors and is used interchangeably with evaluation. Interpretation Making a statement about the meaning or us...

Behaviorism - Theorists John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov, Joseph Wolpe, and B. F. Skinner. Erik Erikson's Eight Psychosocial Stages Trust versus mistrust (birth to age 1 ½ years); autonomy versus shame and doubt (1 ½ to 3 years); initiative versus guilt (3 to 6 years); industry versus inferiority (6 to 11 years): identity versus role confusion (12 to 18 years); intimacy versus isolation (18 to 35 years); generativity versus stagnation (35 to 60 years); and integrity versus despair (age 65 and...

Directory Information Includes names, address, phone number, date/place of birth honors or awards Autonomy Clients ability to exercise free will and act independently Nonmaleficence To do not harm to clients Beneficence To do only good Justice Fairness, and adhering to principles of justce Fidelity Faithful and loyal, facilitating trust and keeping ones word, and fulfilling any obligations Negligence When counselors fault to use reasonable care in carrying out their professional duties ...

ethics developed by associations to help members practice in a reputable manner laws included in the penal code & often carry more serious consequences when individuals fail to comply with them Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) enacted in 1974, aka the Buckley Amendment, is a federal law that was created to specify the rights of parents if the child is a minor and nonminor students to access & examine the educational record, petition to have incorrect info found in the reco...

Appraisal Process of assessing or estimating attributes Free choice / free response Short answer Forced choice NCE/CPCE Recognition items Difficulty index Indicates percentage of people who answered each item correctly Normative & Ipsative format Normative - person's score evaluated by comparing it to others who took same test Ipsative - measures compare traits within same person Achievement (attainment) tests vs. personality (interest) inventory Achievement - Measure maximum performan...

Erik Erikson Psychosocial theory of human development Albert Ellis Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy Change irrational self talk Caplan Public health and preventative psychiatry principles Dollar and Miller Anxiety learned from experiences John Crites Vocational psychologist Career Maturity Inventory B.F.Skinner Theory of operant conditioning Virginia Satire Believed in the innate goodness of people Carl Rogers Client centered therapy unconditional positive regard genuineness Jean Piaget...