- Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Peptic Ulcer Disease (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass Define peptic ulcer disease PUD is an ulcer of the upper GI tract mucosa involving the proximal duodenum (duodenal ulcer~90%) and distal stomach (gastric ulcer~10%) What is the incidence in the US? 10% of the population will suffer from PUD during their lifetime! What are the possible consequences of PUD? Pain, hemorrhage, perforation, obstruction What percentage of patients with PUD develops ...

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3 pages

Written in 2023/2024

Grade A+

GraceAmelia

Hernias (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct What type of inguinal hernia is felt on the side of the finger during exam? Direct What type of inguinal hernia is felt on the tip of the finger during exam? Indirect Will umbilical hernias in children <12 months old usually resolve on their own? Yes Risk factors for ventral hernia? Abdominal surgery - Age - Obesity - Wound infection - Surgical drains What is the Dx and treatment? Stomach herniated ...

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2 pages

Written in 2023/2024

Grade A+

GraceAmelia

Toxic Megacolon (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct What is toxic megacolon? Toxic megacolon is a life-threatening complication characterized by rapid dilatation of the colon, often associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or infections. ● Toxic patient: sepsis, febrile, abdominal pain ● Megacolon: acutely and massively distended colon What are the typical symptoms of toxic megacolon? Symptoms may include severe abdominal pain, disten...

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2 pages

Written in 2023/2024

Grade A+

GraceAmelia

General Surgery EOR Smarty PANCE Bundled Exams Questions and Answers 100% Verified and Updated 2024 | Graded A

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30 items

EmilyCharlene

Family Medicine EOR: Obstetrics and Gynecology (Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct | Latest Version What is the incidence of breast cancer? 12% Lifetime Risk Percentage of women with breast cancer who have zero known risk factors? 75% Percentage of all breast cancers in women <30 years? ~2% Percentage of all breast cancers in women >70 years? 33% Percentage of breast cancers due to inherited mutations? 10% Approximate percentage of inherited breast cancers d...

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71 pages

Written in 2023/2024

Grade A+

EmilyCharlene

Family Medicine EOR: Urgent Care (Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct | Latest Version What is an acute abdomen? Acute abdomen refers to sudden and severe abdominal pain that requires urgent medical evaluation and often surgical intervention. Name three common causes of acute abdomen. Appendicitis, cholecystitis, and bowel obstruction. Describe the typical presentation of acute abdomen. Sudden onset of severe abdominal pain, guarding, rigidity, and rebound tenderness....

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73 pages

Written in 2023/2024

Grade A+

EmilyCharlene

Family Medicine EOR: ENOT/Ophthalmology (Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass | Latest Version Acute vs. chronic sinusitis? ● Acute sinusitis: symptoms for < 4 weeks duration ● Chronic sinusitis: symptoms for > 12 consecutive weeks ● The disease is subacute when symptomatic for 4-12 weeks Sign and symptoms of acute sinusitis? - Headache - Purulent sputum - Fever - Malaise - Tenderness to palpation over sinus(es) - Opacification w/ transillumination MC fung...

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52 pages

Written in 2023/2024

Grade A+

EmilyCharlene

Acute Abdomen (Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass What is an acute abdomen? Acute abdomen refers to sudden and severe abdominal pain that requires urgent medical evaluation and often surgical intervention. Name three common causes of acute abdomen. Appendicitis, cholecystitis, and bowel obstruction. Describe the typical presentation of acute abdomen. Sudden onset of severe abdominal pain, guarding, rigidity, and rebound tenderness. Associated symptoms may include nausea,...

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0 pages

Written in 2023/2024

Grade A+

EmilyCharlene

Referred Abdominal Pain (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct Right subscapular pain (also epigastric) Cholecystitis Early: periumbilical Rarely: testicular pain Appendicitis Shoulder pain (+ Kehr's sign on the left) Diaphragmatic irritation (from spleen, perforated ulcer, or abscess) Back pain Pancreatitis/cancer Pain in the small of the back Rectal disease Testicular pain/flank pain Nephrolithiasis Midline small of back pain Rectal pain ...

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3 pages

Written in 2023/2024

Grade A

EmilyCharlene

Acute and chronic cholecystitis (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct What is the pathogenesis of acute cholecystitis? Obstruction of cystic duct leads to inflammation of the gallbladder; 95% of cases result from calculi, and 5% from acalculous obstruction What are the risk factors for acute cholecystitis? Gallstones What are the signs and symptoms of acute cholecystitis? ● Unrelenting RUQ pain or tenderness ● Fever Nausea/vomiting ● Painfu...

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3 pages

Written in 2023/2024

Grade A+

EmilyCharlene

Family Medicine EOR: Hematology (Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct | Latest Version Normal or ↓ MCV, ↓ TIBC, ↑ Ferritin (high iron stores) ↓ serum erythropoietin Anemia of chronic disease The only anemia where all three cell lines are decreased (pancytopenia) ↓ WBC, ↓ RBC, ↓ Platelets - will have normal MCV and ↓ Retic Aplastic anemia ↓ Folate, ↑ MCV (macrocytic anemia) looks like B12 but no neurologic symptoms. Common in alcoholics Folate defici...

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40 pages

Written in 2023/2024

Grade A+

EmilyCharlene

Family Medicine EOR: Infectious Disease (Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass What is the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome? HIV is the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome What is the RNA structure of HIV? HIV is single-stranded and linear enveloped RNA virus How does untreated HIV infection initially present? Untreated HIV infection initially presents with flu like symptoms, followed by a period of clinical latency. Reactivation of t...

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17 pages

Written in 2023/2024

Grade A+

EmilyCharlene

Heartburn and dyspepsia (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+ What is GERD? Excessive reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus, "heartburn" What are the causes of GERD? -Decreased lower esophageal sphincter (LES) tone (50% of cases) -Decreased esophageal motility to clear refluxed fluid -Gastric outlet obstruction -Hiatal hernia in 50% of patients What are the signs/symptoms of GERD ? Heartburn, regurgitation, respiratory problems/pneumonia fr...

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3 pages

Written in 2023/2024

Grade A+

EmilyCharlene

Hematemesis and Upper GI Bleed (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct Define upper GI bleed Bleeding into the lumen of the proximal GI tract, proximal to the ligament of Treitz What are the signs/symptoms of an upper GI bleed? Hematemesis, melena, syncope, shock, fatigue, coffee-ground emesis, hematochezia, epigastric discomfort, epigastric tenderness, signs of hypovolemia, guaiac-positive stools Why is it possible to have hematochezia in an upper G...

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4 pages

Written in 2023/2024

Grade A+

EmilyCharlene

Colorectal carcinoma (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass Define colorectal cancer? Adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum What is the incidence of colorectal cancer? Most common GI cancer Second most common cancer in the United States Incidence increases with age starting at 40 and peaks at 70 to 80 years How common is colorectal cancer as a cause of cancer deaths? Second most common cause of cancer deaths What is the lifetime risk of colorectal canc...

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6 pages

Written in 2023/2024

Grade A+

EmilyCharlene

Bariatric Surgery (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct What is bariatric surgery? Weight reduction surgery for the morbidly obese Define morbid obesity 1. BMI > 40 (basically, 100 pounds above ideal body weight) or 2. BMI > 35 with a medical problem related to morbid obesity What is BMI Body Mass Index; a measure of body weight relative to height What is the formula for BMI? body weight in kg divided by height in meters squared What is a f...

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3 pages

Written in 2023/2024

Grade A+

EmilyCharlene

Gastric Cancer (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct What is the incidence of gastric cancer? Low in United States (10/100,000); high in Japan (78/100,000) What are the associated risk factors? Diet—smoked meats, high nitrates, low fruits and vegetables, alcohol, tobacco Environment—raised in high-risk area, poor socioeconomic status, atrophic gastritis, male gender, blood type A, previous partial gastrectomy, pernicious anemia, polyps, Helicob...

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4 pages

Written in 2023/2024

Grade A+

EmilyCharlene

Pancreatic Carcinoma (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct Define pancreatic carcinoma Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas arising from duct cells What are the associated risk factors for pancreatic carcinoma? Smoking 3 x risk, diabetes mellitus, heavy alcohol use, chronic pancreatitis, diet high in fried meats, previous gastrectomy What is the male to female ratio for pancreatic carcinoma? 3:2 What is the African American to white ratio for pancreatic ...

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5 pages

Written in 2023/2024

Grade A+

EmilyCharlene

Appendicitis (General Surgery EOR - Smarty PANCE) Exam Questions and Answers 100% Correct What is appendicitis? Inflammation of the appendix caused by obstruction of the appendiceal lumen, producing a closed loop with resultant inflammation that can lead to necrosis and perforation Define Psoas Sign Pain elicited by extending the hip with the knee in full extension, seen with appendicitis and psoas inflammation Define Obturator Sign Pain upon internal rotation of the leg with the hip a...

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6 pages

Written in 2023/2024

Grade A+

EmilyCharlene