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BIOL 3040 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% SOLVED ...

Evolution - Answer - the change in the properties of organisms over the course of a generation - "descent with modification" Artificial Selection - Answer - Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits. Natural Selection - Answer - reproduction is necessary to form the next generation - individuals within populations are variable, some of the variation among individuals is inheritable - more individuals produced each gener...

most things reproduce ___________ - Answer sexually sexual reproduction - Answer combination of parental gametes to form genetically unique individuals asexual reproduction - Answer parent is cloned, so that parent and offspring are genetically identical hermaphrodites - Answer individuals produce both male and female gametes gonochorists - Answer individuals produce only male or female gametes do hermaphrodites and gonochorists carry eggs? - Answer yes mechan...

Bryophytes - Answer - simplest land plants - seedless non-vascular plants - similar to charophytes - related to common ancestor of all terrestrial plants - embryophyte - sporopollenin-walled spores - antheridia and archegonia with sterile jacket layers - alternation of generations - rhizoids Bryophyte habitat - Answer - often found in damp places like waterfalls, edges of streams and wetlands, often on rocks - can also be found in extreme environments like deserts and very cold...

What effects are associated with low population size? - Answer changes in allele frequencies What is the founder effect? - Answer chance variation in the initial allele freq. in a founding population may lead to different allele freq. on an isolated island compared to mainland Law of large numbers - Answer as the size of a sample increases the realized frequencies are close to the expected, when samples are small this is not necessarily true (Sewall) Wright-(Ronald) Fisher Mod...

1. Which of the following statements is accurate regarding the evolution of drug resistance in a virus: a. the drug causes mutations in the virus that make it resistant b. even before the drug is administered, some virions might be resistant c. an individual virion that is exposed to the drug will adapt by becoming resistant d. all of the above e. none of the above - Answer b. even before the drug is administered, some virions might be resistant 2. If you sample two strains of the...

selection for traits that increase mating success rather than survival - Answer sexual selection individuals of one sex, usually females, select among individuals of the other sex as mates - Answer intersexual selection members of one sex, most often males, compete with each other for mating access to the other sex - Answer intrasexual selection 1 male, 1 female - Answer monogamy 1 male, more than 1 female - Answer polygyny 1 female, more than 1 male - Answer pol...

taxonomy diagnosis - Answer what is completely unique about the animal compared to its closest relative differential diagnosis - Answer comparing shared characters within a clade archaea - Answer eukaryotes closest relatives Autapomorphy - Answer derived character that is not shared synapomorphies - Answer shared derived characters homoplasy - Answer a character shared by a set of species but not present in their common ancestor polytomy - Answer a branch f...

pattern of relatedness among evolutionary units such as individuals, genes, populations, or species - phylogeny a graphical representation of a phylogeny in the form of topology - phylogenetic tree a organism and all of its descendants - clade a group of organisms that is judged to be a unit, such as a speices or order - taxon common ancestor and all of its descendants - monophyletic common ancestor but not all common descendants - paraphyletic

BIOL 3040 STUDY GUIDE II, PART A Chapter 4 Synapomorphy: A character or trait that is shared by two or more taxonomic groups and is derived through evolution by a common ancestor. Homoplasy: Correspondence between parts or organs acquired as a result of parallel evolution or convergence. Homoplasy is analogous and can be due to convergent evolution 1. According to the tree below: a Species B is more closely related to species G than species A b Species B is equally related to specie...