CHS 340 Final Exam Review
Questions and Answers
True or False? Although Canada has a tax-financed, public, single-payer health care system, they
maintain two separate and distinct financing mechanisms: social insurance and public
assistance. - ANSWERS-False
True or False? The United States spends approximately 16 percent of GDP on health care, which
seems to be paying off with longer life expectancies and lower under age five mortality rates
compared with Japan, Canada, the U.K., and Germany. - ANSWERS-False
True or False? General practitioners are central to the U.K.'s health care system. They serve as
"gatekeepers" who must provide a referral in order to access specialty and non-emergency
hospital services. - ANSWERS-True
Medical care in Japan is delivered in all of the following settings except
small hospitals
large publicly-owned boutique clinics
large public and private hospitals
independent clinics - ANSWERS-large publicly-owned boutique clinics
In which country does 90 percent of the population receive health insurance through
mandatory sick funds? - ANSWERS-Germany
,True or False? A splintered group is larger than its originating interest group, which makes it
more politically powerful. - ANSWERS-False
Social Determinants of Health - ANSWERS-Things like our environment, cultural and
socioeconomic factors. These factors impact our lifestyle choices.
availability to safe resources
education
access to healthcare
social support
transportation access
literacy
Key with prevention because its considered "upstream", they're also considered less expensive
to deal with.
SES and Health - ANSWERS-The socioeconomic status of an individual has a large impact on the
health care an individual receives. A person who lives in a "richer" neighborhood will have more
access to healthcare and in return receives quality healthcare. A person in a lower
socioeconomic status lacks access, education, and sometimes health insurance.
US Culture and our Healthcare System - ANSWERS-Our culture influences our healthcare and we
pride ourselves on quality of care and professionalism in healthcare.
Professionalism - ANSWERS-Refers closely to quality. In healthcare, being professional means
following standard care and not being negligent while caring for patients. We have a lack of
healthcare professionals.
How Systems Thinking Affects A Policy: - ANSWERS-Systems thinking assumes everything is
connected; for example, the social determinants of health. Look at the people, the
organizations, the politics, all the things going on in Congress: these are all part of the systems
thinking model.
,Governments and organizations want to use systems thinking when there are complex,
recurring problems they haven't been able to fix otherwise; problems that have an
environmental impact, meaning they impact other things in the web. With systems thinking, we
assume that for every action there's a reaction—it's just a matter of figuring out where.
Intervention and program planning must include thinking about the unintended consequences
and finding out where other factors might be impacted or impact what you are trying to
implement.
Interest Groups - ANSWERS-Interest groups are important because they provide information
and campaign support to elected officials. They lobby; they do grassroots organizing.
Health policy is overwhelmingly shaped by interest groups; these are engaged individuals.
Interest groups come together to help people figure out what the law or policy should be—to
fix whatever is the core issue they want to address.
Lobbyists conduct different activities related to policy and policy-making: they try to introduce
legislation on a regular basis by gathering information, gaining access to legislators, and
persuading them with explanations.
Policy vs. Law vs. Regulation - ANSWERS-Policy= is what we do want. Organizations (public,
private, non-profit) work together to create an intervention, which might be a law/statute, and
the intervention is now the legal definition of the policy.
Law= would be the intervention and legacy definition of the policy. are a set of standards,
principles, and procedures that must be followed in society. Law is mainly made for
implementing justice in society.
Regulation= is the "how-to": how it's going to get implemented and enforced. We will define
what junk food is using FDA standards, then implement systems so all junk food will be taxed at
all stores and in vending machines.
, Different Country's Healthcare Systems: Differences and Similarities to US - ANSWERS-Most
other countries pay for the healthcare of their citizens. For example, Germany pays for their
citizens healthcare through funds from the public. The US government supplies medicare for
people who are unemployed via the public's tax money
The Financial Process of Capitation - ANSWERS-Per head membership per month.
similar to a monthly paid gym membership.
say its 120$/mo, that money gets put into a pool for all the members care and they hope to
make a profit at the end of the pay period.
leftover money needs to be given to either the hospital or doctors which can create a problem
(overhead vs utilization)single-payer system
Access to Healthcare Network- Reno - ANSWERS-
Single Payer System - ANSWERS--national health insurance (medicare for all) where a single
public agency organizes health care financing but the actual care remains private
FFS (Fee-For-Service) Reimbursement: - ANSWERS--Services are not bundles and are paid for
separately
-Gives physicians an incentive to provide treatments because it means money for them
Employment Based Coverage: - ANSWERS-Employers buy private for-profit or non-profit health
insurance for their employees
Radiation Exposure for Veterans - ANSWERS-
Access to Care Issues: - ANSWERS-Access to care is often due to insurance and who your
preferred provider is in regard to your insurance plan. Other access issues lie within the social
determinants of health. Factors such as gender, age, cultural environment, places where you live
play a role in the access to healthcare that you receive.
Questions and Answers
True or False? Although Canada has a tax-financed, public, single-payer health care system, they
maintain two separate and distinct financing mechanisms: social insurance and public
assistance. - ANSWERS-False
True or False? The United States spends approximately 16 percent of GDP on health care, which
seems to be paying off with longer life expectancies and lower under age five mortality rates
compared with Japan, Canada, the U.K., and Germany. - ANSWERS-False
True or False? General practitioners are central to the U.K.'s health care system. They serve as
"gatekeepers" who must provide a referral in order to access specialty and non-emergency
hospital services. - ANSWERS-True
Medical care in Japan is delivered in all of the following settings except
small hospitals
large publicly-owned boutique clinics
large public and private hospitals
independent clinics - ANSWERS-large publicly-owned boutique clinics
In which country does 90 percent of the population receive health insurance through
mandatory sick funds? - ANSWERS-Germany
,True or False? A splintered group is larger than its originating interest group, which makes it
more politically powerful. - ANSWERS-False
Social Determinants of Health - ANSWERS-Things like our environment, cultural and
socioeconomic factors. These factors impact our lifestyle choices.
availability to safe resources
education
access to healthcare
social support
transportation access
literacy
Key with prevention because its considered "upstream", they're also considered less expensive
to deal with.
SES and Health - ANSWERS-The socioeconomic status of an individual has a large impact on the
health care an individual receives. A person who lives in a "richer" neighborhood will have more
access to healthcare and in return receives quality healthcare. A person in a lower
socioeconomic status lacks access, education, and sometimes health insurance.
US Culture and our Healthcare System - ANSWERS-Our culture influences our healthcare and we
pride ourselves on quality of care and professionalism in healthcare.
Professionalism - ANSWERS-Refers closely to quality. In healthcare, being professional means
following standard care and not being negligent while caring for patients. We have a lack of
healthcare professionals.
How Systems Thinking Affects A Policy: - ANSWERS-Systems thinking assumes everything is
connected; for example, the social determinants of health. Look at the people, the
organizations, the politics, all the things going on in Congress: these are all part of the systems
thinking model.
,Governments and organizations want to use systems thinking when there are complex,
recurring problems they haven't been able to fix otherwise; problems that have an
environmental impact, meaning they impact other things in the web. With systems thinking, we
assume that for every action there's a reaction—it's just a matter of figuring out where.
Intervention and program planning must include thinking about the unintended consequences
and finding out where other factors might be impacted or impact what you are trying to
implement.
Interest Groups - ANSWERS-Interest groups are important because they provide information
and campaign support to elected officials. They lobby; they do grassroots organizing.
Health policy is overwhelmingly shaped by interest groups; these are engaged individuals.
Interest groups come together to help people figure out what the law or policy should be—to
fix whatever is the core issue they want to address.
Lobbyists conduct different activities related to policy and policy-making: they try to introduce
legislation on a regular basis by gathering information, gaining access to legislators, and
persuading them with explanations.
Policy vs. Law vs. Regulation - ANSWERS-Policy= is what we do want. Organizations (public,
private, non-profit) work together to create an intervention, which might be a law/statute, and
the intervention is now the legal definition of the policy.
Law= would be the intervention and legacy definition of the policy. are a set of standards,
principles, and procedures that must be followed in society. Law is mainly made for
implementing justice in society.
Regulation= is the "how-to": how it's going to get implemented and enforced. We will define
what junk food is using FDA standards, then implement systems so all junk food will be taxed at
all stores and in vending machines.
, Different Country's Healthcare Systems: Differences and Similarities to US - ANSWERS-Most
other countries pay for the healthcare of their citizens. For example, Germany pays for their
citizens healthcare through funds from the public. The US government supplies medicare for
people who are unemployed via the public's tax money
The Financial Process of Capitation - ANSWERS-Per head membership per month.
similar to a monthly paid gym membership.
say its 120$/mo, that money gets put into a pool for all the members care and they hope to
make a profit at the end of the pay period.
leftover money needs to be given to either the hospital or doctors which can create a problem
(overhead vs utilization)single-payer system
Access to Healthcare Network- Reno - ANSWERS-
Single Payer System - ANSWERS--national health insurance (medicare for all) where a single
public agency organizes health care financing but the actual care remains private
FFS (Fee-For-Service) Reimbursement: - ANSWERS--Services are not bundles and are paid for
separately
-Gives physicians an incentive to provide treatments because it means money for them
Employment Based Coverage: - ANSWERS-Employers buy private for-profit or non-profit health
insurance for their employees
Radiation Exposure for Veterans - ANSWERS-
Access to Care Issues: - ANSWERS-Access to care is often due to insurance and who your
preferred provider is in regard to your insurance plan. Other access issues lie within the social
determinants of health. Factors such as gender, age, cultural environment, places where you live
play a role in the access to healthcare that you receive.
