Page | 1
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, Chapter 1: Health Defined: Health Promotion, Prevention, and Protection MULTIP
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LE CHOICE zl
1. How is disease defined? zl zl zl
a. The failure of a person’s adaptive mechanisms to counteract stimuli and stresses adequately,
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resulting in functional or structural disturbances
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b. Disease and illness are components of a struggle for balance in the bodily systems
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c. The failure of a person’s bodily systems in responding to stresses, resulting in a hormonal
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imbalance
d. The assault by stimuli and stress on the body’s core defence systems C
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ORRECT ANSWER: A zl zl
Disease may be defined as the failure of a person’s adaptive mechanisms to counteract stimuli and stresses
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adequately, resulting in functional or structural disturbances. This definition is an ecological concept of dis
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ease, which uses multiple factors to determine the cause of disease, rather than describing a single cause. Di
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sease and illness are not synonymous.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) REF: Disease, Illness, and Health OBJ: 1 TOP: Assessment
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MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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2. How can health be defined? zl zl zl zl
a. As the absence of disease and illness
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b. As the person’s philosophy for living in harmony with their environment
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c. A state of physical, mental, and spiritual well-being
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d. A state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a person’s potential and
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is experienced within a developmental context. COR
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RECT ANSWER: D zl zl
Definitions of health have evolved as the nature of health and illness becomes better understood. Health is much
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more than the absence of disease and illness. It is a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning tha
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t realizes a person’s potential and is experienced within a developmental context.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: Health and Wellness OBJ: 1 TOP: Assessment MSC: Hea
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lth Promotion and Maintenance
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Page | 2 zl zl
,3. The 1986 Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion document provides a blueprint for health promotion in C
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anada. Which of the following statements is correct concerning this model?
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a. The focus is on environment and the ability to achieve health on a personal and societal level.
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b. It depicts health promotion as the process of enabling people to increase control over and improve th
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eir health.
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c. It provides a view of health promotion that is focused on people taking control of their own he
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alth.
d. It is most closely aligned with a clinical model of health.
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CORRECT ANSWER: B zl zl
The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion provides a blueprint for health promotion in Canada. Within th
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is model, health promotion is depicted as the process of enabling people to increase control over and imp
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rove their health.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: Health Promotion OBJ: 2 TOP: Assessment MSC: Health
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Promotion and Maintenance zl zl
4. Which of the following is a tool used to measure quality of life?
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a. CDCQOL-BREF (from the Centers for Disease Control) zl zl zl zl zl zl
b. McGowan Quality of Life Questionnaire zl zl zl zl
c. WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization) zl zl zl
d. Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion zl zl zl zl zl
CORRECT ANSWER: C zl zl
Multiple tools are available for measuring quality of life, including a general measure established by the Wo
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rld Health Organization Quality of Life, WHOQOL-
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BREF and the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire for use at the end of life. The Ottawa Charter for Health
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Promotion provides a framework for health promotion, rather than measuring quality of life.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: Health Promotion OBJ: 2 TOP: Assessment MS
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C: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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5. Which of the following best describes a care recipient who has an illness?
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a. Someone who has well-controlled diabetes zl zl zl zl
Page | 3 zl zl
, b. Someone with hypercholesterolemia zl zl
c. Someone with a headache zl zl zl
d. Someone with coronary artery disease without angina zl zl zl zl zl zl zl
CORRECT ANSWER: C zl zl
Someone with a headache represents a person with an illness. An illness is made up of the subjective experi
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ence of the individual and the physical manifestation of disease. It can be described as a response characteri
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zed by a mismatch between a person’s needs and the resources available to meet those needs. A person can h
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ave a disease without feeling ill. The other choices represent disease.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis) REF: Disease, Illness, and Health OBJ: 4 TOP: Assessment MSC:
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Health Promotion and Maintenance
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6. Which Canadian report is considered to be a landmark document in creating a global approach to he
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alth?
a. Population Health Promotion Model zl zl zl
b. Healthy People 2020 zl zl
c. Framework for Health Promotion in Canada zl zl zl zl zl
d. World Health Organization Quality of Life
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CORRECT ANSWER: C zl zl
By the mid-1980s, Canada became a world leader in the formulation of health-
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promotion ideals and strategies, particularly with the unveiling of the Framework for Health Promotion in C
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anada at the first World Health Organization (WHO) conference on health promotion in Ottawa. The overal
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l goal of
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―achieving health for all‖ in this report identifies three health challenges: reducing inequities, increasing pre
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vention, and enhancing coping. The three health-
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promotion mechanisms to address these challenges are self- zl zl zl zl zl zl zl
care, mutual aid, and healthy environments. The final component of the framework consists of three imple
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mentation strategies: fostering public participation, strengthening community health services; and coordinat
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ing health public policy.
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Healthy People 2020 is a US- zl zl zl zl zl
based document to guide planning for health care. The WHO Quality of Life tool is a quality of life measure
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ment tool used by health care workers. The
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Population Health Promotion Model was developed to provide an overall framework to guide health promoti
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on by blending both health promotion and population health concepts.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge)
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Page | 4 zl zl
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, Chapter 1: Health Defined: Health Promotion, Prevention, and Protection MULTIP
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LE CHOICE zl
1. How is disease defined? zl zl zl
a. The failure of a person’s adaptive mechanisms to counteract stimuli and stresses adequately,
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resulting in functional or structural disturbances
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b. Disease and illness are components of a struggle for balance in the bodily systems
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c. The failure of a person’s bodily systems in responding to stresses, resulting in a hormonal
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imbalance
d. The assault by stimuli and stress on the body’s core defence systems C
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ORRECT ANSWER: A zl zl
Disease may be defined as the failure of a person’s adaptive mechanisms to counteract stimuli and stresses
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adequately, resulting in functional or structural disturbances. This definition is an ecological concept of dis
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ease, which uses multiple factors to determine the cause of disease, rather than describing a single cause. Di
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sease and illness are not synonymous.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge) REF: Disease, Illness, and Health OBJ: 1 TOP: Assessment
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MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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2. How can health be defined? zl zl zl zl
a. As the absence of disease and illness
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b. As the person’s philosophy for living in harmony with their environment
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c. A state of physical, mental, and spiritual well-being
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d. A state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a person’s potential and
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is experienced within a developmental context. COR
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RECT ANSWER: D zl zl
Definitions of health have evolved as the nature of health and illness becomes better understood. Health is much
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more than the absence of disease and illness. It is a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning tha
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t realizes a person’s potential and is experienced within a developmental context.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: Health and Wellness OBJ: 1 TOP: Assessment MSC: Hea
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lth Promotion and Maintenance
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Page | 2 zl zl
,3. The 1986 Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion document provides a blueprint for health promotion in C
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anada. Which of the following statements is correct concerning this model?
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a. The focus is on environment and the ability to achieve health on a personal and societal level.
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b. It depicts health promotion as the process of enabling people to increase control over and improve th
zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl
eir health.
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c. It provides a view of health promotion that is focused on people taking control of their own he
zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl
alth.
d. It is most closely aligned with a clinical model of health.
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CORRECT ANSWER: B zl zl
The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion provides a blueprint for health promotion in Canada. Within th
zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl
is model, health promotion is depicted as the process of enabling people to increase control over and imp
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rove their health.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) REF: Health Promotion OBJ: 2 TOP: Assessment MSC: Health
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Promotion and Maintenance zl zl
4. Which of the following is a tool used to measure quality of life?
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a. CDCQOL-BREF (from the Centers for Disease Control) zl zl zl zl zl zl
b. McGowan Quality of Life Questionnaire zl zl zl zl
c. WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization) zl zl zl
d. Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion zl zl zl zl zl
CORRECT ANSWER: C zl zl
Multiple tools are available for measuring quality of life, including a general measure established by the Wo
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rld Health Organization Quality of Life, WHOQOL-
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BREF and the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire for use at the end of life. The Ottawa Charter for Health
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Promotion provides a framework for health promotion, rather than measuring quality of life.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) REF: Health Promotion OBJ: 2 TOP: Assessment MS
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C: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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5. Which of the following best describes a care recipient who has an illness?
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a. Someone who has well-controlled diabetes zl zl zl zl
Page | 3 zl zl
, b. Someone with hypercholesterolemia zl zl
c. Someone with a headache zl zl zl
d. Someone with coronary artery disease without angina zl zl zl zl zl zl zl
CORRECT ANSWER: C zl zl
Someone with a headache represents a person with an illness. An illness is made up of the subjective experi
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ence of the individual and the physical manifestation of disease. It can be described as a response characteri
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zed by a mismatch between a person’s needs and the resources available to meet those needs. A person can h
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ave a disease without feeling ill. The other choices represent disease.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis) REF: Disease, Illness, and Health OBJ: 4 TOP: Assessment MSC:
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Health Promotion and Maintenance
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6. Which Canadian report is considered to be a landmark document in creating a global approach to he
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alth?
a. Population Health Promotion Model zl zl zl
b. Healthy People 2020 zl zl
c. Framework for Health Promotion in Canada zl zl zl zl zl
d. World Health Organization Quality of Life
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CORRECT ANSWER: C zl zl
By the mid-1980s, Canada became a world leader in the formulation of health-
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promotion ideals and strategies, particularly with the unveiling of the Framework for Health Promotion in C
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anada at the first World Health Organization (WHO) conference on health promotion in Ottawa. The overal
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l goal of
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―achieving health for all‖ in this report identifies three health challenges: reducing inequities, increasing pre
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vention, and enhancing coping. The three health-
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promotion mechanisms to address these challenges are self- zl zl zl zl zl zl zl
care, mutual aid, and healthy environments. The final component of the framework consists of three imple
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mentation strategies: fostering public participation, strengthening community health services; and coordinat
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ing health public policy.
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Healthy People 2020 is a US- zl zl zl zl zl
based document to guide planning for health care. The WHO Quality of Life tool is a quality of life measure
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ment tool used by health care workers. The
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Population Health Promotion Model was developed to provide an overall framework to guide health promoti
zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl zl
on by blending both health promotion and population health concepts.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember (Knowledge)
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Page | 4 zl zl
